This book is the first and only history of the U.S. postwar Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation (FCN) treaty program, and focuses on the investment-related provisions of those treaties. This author explains the original understanding of the language of this vast network of agreements which have been and continue to be the subject of hundreds of international arbitrations and billions of dollars in claims. It is based on a review of some 32,000 pages of negotiating history housed in the National Archives.
U.S. International Investment Agreements is the definitive interpretative guide to the United States' bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and free trade agreements (FTAs) with investment chapters. Providing an authoritative look at the development of the BIT program, treatment provisions, expropriation, and other provisions, Kenneth J. Vandevelde draws on his years of investment treaty and agreement expertise as both a former practitioner and a scholar. This unique and well-organized book analyzes the development of U.S. international investment agreement language and strategy within their historical context. It also explains the newest changes to the model negotiating text (US Model BIT 2004) and additional treaties.
Students of the law are often told that they must learn to “think like a lawyer,” but they are given surprisingly little help in understanding just what this amounts to. Generally, they are expected to pick up this ability by example and perhaps by osmosis. But it remains the case that very few lawyers—even very good ones—are consciously aware of what it means to think like a lawyer.In this insightful and highly revealing book, Kenneth J. Vandevelde identifies, explains, and interprets the goals and methods of the well-trained lawyer. This is not a book about the content of the law; it is about a well-developed and valuable way of thinking that can be applied to many fields.Both practical and sophisticated, Thinking Like a Lawyer avoids the pitfalls common to most books on legal reasoning: It neither assumes too much legal knowledge nor condescends to its readers. Invaluable for law students and practicing lawyers, the book will also effectively interpret legal thinking for lay readers seeking a better understanding of the often mysterious ways of the legal profession.
Bilateral Investment Treaties: History, Policy, and Interpretation organizes, summarizes and comments upon the arbitral awards interpreting and applying BIT provisions. Policymakers and practitioners will find a thorough introduction to the operation of the BITs, including the principal arguments and case authorities on both sides of the major issues in international investment law. The book is intended to be a single-volume reference covering every important development in the 50 years of BIT programs worldwide, from 1959 until 2009. Author Kenneth Vandevelde argues that the primary purpose of the BITs is to promote the application of the rule of law to foreign investment, while a secondary purpose is to create a liberal investment regime. He further argues that BITs are based on six core principles: reasonableness, security, nondiscrimination, access, transparency and due process. The book explains each of these principles and analyzes the major BIT provisions based on them. Vandevelde addresses the host of complex questions that BITs engender: Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign investment or otherwise contribute to economic development? Do BITs limit host state regulatory discretion too much? Why should countries continue to conclude BITs? What is meant by BIT guarantees of "fair and equitable treatment" and "full protection and security"? What is the scope of the BIT provision for most-favored-nation treatment? The book's expert analysis of these questions makes it useful to policy makers in the area of international economic relations, attorneys representing multinational companies, and anyone interested in the process of economic globalization.
Law students, law professors, and lawyers frequently refer to the process of "thinking like a lawyer," but attempts to analyze in any systematic way what is meant by that phrase are rare. In his classic book, Kenneth J. Vandevelde defines this elusive phrase and identifies the techniques involved in thinking like a lawyer. Unlike most legal writings, which are plagued by difficult, virtually incomprehensible language, this book is accessible and clearly written and will help students, professionals, and general readers gain important insight into this well-developed and valuable way of thinking. Updated for a new generation of lawyers, the second edition features a new chapter on contemporary perspectives on legal reasoning. A useful new appendix serves as a survival guide for current and prospective law students and describes how to apply the techniques in the book to excel in law school.
The First Bilateral Investment Treaties is the first and only history of the U.S. postwar Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation (FCN) treaty program, and focuses on the investment-related provisions of those treaties. The 22 U.S. postwar FCN treaties were the first bilateral investment treaties ever concluded, and nearly all of the core provisions in the modern network of more than 3000 international investment agreements worldwide trace their origin to these FCN treaties. This book explains the original understanding of the language of this vast network of agreements which have been and continue to be the subject of hundreds of international arbitrations and billions of dollars in claims. It is based on a review of some 32,000 pages of negotiating history housed in the National Archives. This book demonstrates that the investment provisions were founded on the New Deal liberalism of the Roosevelt-Truman administrations and were intended to acquire for U.S. companies investing abroad the same protections that foreign investors already received in the United States under the U.S. Constitution. It chronicles the failed U.S. attempt to obtain protection for investment through the proposed International Trade Organization (ITO), providing the first and only history of the investment-related provisions in the ITO Charter. It then shows how the FCN treaties, which dated back to 1776 and originally concerned with establishing trade and maritime relations, were re-conceptualized as investment treaties to provide investment protection bilaterally. This book is also a work of diplomatic history, offering an account of the negotiating history of each of the 22 treaties and describing U.S. negotiating policy and strategy.
U.S. International Investment Agreements is the definitive interpretative guide to the United States' bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and free trade agreements (FTAs) with investment chapters. Providing an authoritative look at the development of the BIT program, treatment provisions, expropriation, and other provisions, Kenneth J. Vandevelde draws on his years of investment treaty and agreement expertise as both a former practitioner and a scholar. This unique and well-organized book analyzes the development of U.S. international investment agreement language and strategy within their historical context. It also explains the newest changes to the model negotiating text (US Model BIT 2004) and additional treaties.
Bilateral Investment Treaties: History, Policy, and Interpretation organizes, summarizes and comments upon the arbitral awards interpreting and applying BIT provisions. Policymakers and practitioners will find a thorough introduction to the operation of the BITs, including the principal arguments and case authorities on both sides of the major issues in international investment law. The book is intended to be a single-volume reference covering every important development in the 50 years of BIT programs worldwide, from 1959 until 2009. Author Kenneth Vandevelde argues that the primary purpose of the BITs is to promote the application of the rule of law to foreign investment, while a secondary purpose is to create a liberal investment regime. He further argues that BITs are based on six core principles: reasonableness, security, nondiscrimination, access, transparency and due process. The book explains each of these principles and analyzes the major BIT provisions based on them. Vandevelde addresses the host of complex questions that BITs engender: Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign investment or otherwise contribute to economic development? Do BITs limit host state regulatory discretion too much? Why should countries continue to conclude BITs? What is meant by BIT guarantees of "fair and equitable treatment" and "full protection and security"? What is the scope of the BIT provision for most-favored-nation treatment? The book's expert analysis of these questions makes it useful to policy makers in the area of international economic relations, attorneys representing multinational companies, and anyone interested in the process of economic globalization.
The Thomas Jefferson School of Law originated in the 1960s as the San Diego branch campus of a for-profit, non-ABA accredited Orange County law school that served principally part-time evening students. Although it was proud of educating working adults and produced some outstanding alumni, its attrition rates ranged between 50 and 75 percent and its pass rate on the California bar exam sometimes fell below 25 percent. In a half dozen years during the 1990s, the law school radically transformed itself. It separated from its parent, adopted a new name, became the first for-profit law school to gain ABA accreditation, and converted to a nonprofit. Admissions applications soared tenfold resulting in a nationally based student body second in California only to Stanford's for geographic diversity, the academic dismissal rated dropped below 10 percent and its California bar pass rate climbed above 75 percent. Graduates received offers from prestigious law firms in New York, Los Angeles and other cities. The law school was ranked 5th in the nation for the quality of academic life and 55th worldwide for the number of its faculty publications downloaded by scholars and practitioners. This story demonstrates what can be achieved through a commitment to excellence and a belief that people matter."--Page [4] of cover.
A resource that combines oncologic principles with treatment plans for the surgical management of neoplasms Textbook of General Surgical Oncology is a practical and comprehensive reference that offers authoritative coverage of a wide variety of oncologic concepts and disorders. The book opens with detailed discussion of the general principles of molecular biology, cancer epidemiology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, medical oncology, immunotherapy, nuclear imaging, and molecular diagnostics. The text then focuses on site-specific neoplasms, such as those of the skin, soft tissue, bone, head/neck, brain, lung, mediastinum, breast, pleura, peritoneum, as well as tumors that affect various systems, including the endocrine, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, genitourinary, gynecologic, and hematopoietic. · Each chapters is written by an internationally recognized expert on the topic · Learning aids include chapter-ending Q&A and Practical Pearls · Outstanding review for the new General Surgical Oncology certification examination
The premier reference on obstetrics practice for nearly a century, the new Twenty-Second Edition is the ideal text for anyone who provides maternal and fetal health care. Now offering state-of-the-art diagnostic ultrasound images throughout, Williams Obstetrics maintains its strong, evidence-based approach. Rigorously referenced and clearly written, Williams' hallmarks are thoroughness, scientific basis, and practical applicability for the obstetrician at the bedside. The world-renowned management guidelines and recommendations have been thoroughly updated through analysis of the scientific literature. This is the only book providing coverage sufficient for the needs of all practicing physicians and residents in board preparation and training. New features include: • NEW STATE-OF-THE-ART ULTRASOUND IMAGES integrated throughout for easier diagnostic confirmation • COMPLETELY REVISED BASIC SCIENCE SECTIONS for greater usefulness in daily practice • NEW CHAPTERS on hot topics: prior cesarean delivery; gestational trophoblastic disease; obesity; thromboembolism; and liver disease • THOROUGHLY UPDATED CHAPTERS on evolving areas: fetal development; placental disorders; and infectious diseases • UPDATED GUIDELINES and STANDARDS of CARE reflecting the current scope of practice
The landmark text that has served generations of obstetrician-gynecologists—fully updated with the most current perspectives of the field A Doody's Core Title for 2023! Williams Obstetrics has defined the discipline for generations of obstetrician-gynecologists. Written by authors from the nationally renowned University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Hospital, the new edition of this authoritative, evidence-based work maintains its trademark comprehensive coverage and applicability at the bedside, while offering the most current information and insights. The culmination of a century of clinical thought, Williams Obstetrics, 26th Edition delivers expert coverage of obstetrical complications, such as preterm labor, pregnancy-related hypertension, infection, and hemorrhage. It additionally offers foundational content on reproductive anatomy, physiology, and prenatal care. The authors have enhanced this edition with 1,000+ full-color illustrations, plus an increased emphasis on the fast-growing subspecialty of Maternal-Fetal Medicine. No other text matches the long-established scientific rigor and accessibility of Williams Obstetrics. With its state-of-the-art design and review of the newest advances and protocols, this not-be-missed clinical companion brings positive outcomes within reach. New and updated content includes: Increased focus on Maternal-Fetal Medicine Greater coverage of hypertension and hemorrhage Deeper insights into in-utero complications Expanded fetal t section includes cutting-edge fetal imaging, genetics, prenatal diagnosis, and fetal disorders and therapy Basic science, physiology of labor, preterm labor updated with contemporaneous publications in the literature More obstetrical sonography figures Eye-catching illustrations, including updated graphs, sonograms, MRIs, photographs, and photomicrographs
The landmark text that has guided generations of hematologists and related practitioners―updated with the latest research findings and improved format and presentation Long revered for its comprehensiveness and extraordinary depth of detail, Williams Hematology provides essential coverage of the origins, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management of benign and malignant disorders of blood and marrow cells and coagulation proteins. The text contains a wealth of basic science and translational pathophysiology for optimal, lifelong learning. Experts in research and clinical hematology, the editors are known worldwide for their contributions to the field. This new edition contains everything that has made Williams Hematology the go-to resource for decades and has been updated with new chapters and critical new research into the molecular mechanisms responsible for hematological disorders and the impact on diagnosis and treatment. And the new format enables you to access each chapter via content modules covering key topics, with summaries, infographics, and cases―all linked to review questions for self-assessment. The full-color presentation integrates images of blood and tissue findings where they are cited in the text. NEW TO THIS EDITION: Updated and revised content reflecting the latest research and developments Convenient format that streamlines the learning process and improves retention Additional chapters added on: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Immune Cell Therapy: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Immune Cell Therapy Dendritic Cell and Natural Killer Cell Therapy The processes of cell death and survival Application of Big Data and Deep Learning in Hematology Williams Hematology Cases with multiple-choice questions including detailed explanations—perfect preparation for the boards Continuously updated online content with comprehensive drug therapy database and other resources
The leading obstetrics reference for more than a century -- now in full-color and with a greater emphasis on evidence-based practice Written by a team of expert authors from world-renowned Parkland Hospital, this rigorously referenced, landmark resource tells you everything you need to know about the practice of obstetrics in a unified, consistent tone not found in other texts. For decades, ob-gyn practitioners and residents have hailed the book for its thoroughness, scientific orientation, and practical applicability at the bedside. Williams Obstetrics is reinforced throughout by a timely emphasis on evidence-based medicine, supported by state-of-the-art ultrasound images and original illustrations. The book's comprehensive coverage begins with an incisive look at maternal anatomy and physiology, and fetal growth and development. The text then progresses to the antepartum period, labor and delivery, the fetus and newborn, the peurperium period, obstetric complications, and medical and surgical complications. New to this Edition 1,100 brand-new, precisely rendered full-color illustrations Evidence-based medicine is highlighted in the text through the use of icons, better familiarizing you with the latest clinical guidelines and standards of care Greater use of headings and subheadings to quickly lead you to the content you need Improved algorithms and tables clearly and concisely present Class I evidence for diagnosis and treatment In-depth coverage of abnormal obstetrics -- from obstetrical hemorrhage and preterm birth, to reproductive tract abnormalities -- provides the most clinically relevant perspectives in this pivotal area
The premier reference in obstetrics for more than a century – now even more relevant to today's practice Williams Obstetrics is the most detailed, comprehensive, and rigorously referenced text on the subject. Written by an author team from the world-renowned Parkland Hospital, the hallmarks of this classic are its thoroughness, scientific basis, and practical applicability for the obstetrician at the bedside. This edition of Williams Obstetrics continues to emphasize the scientific-based underpinnings and evidence-based practices of the specialty. This is accomplished by using incorporating more than 3,000 new literature citations and guidelines from the most trusted professional and academic organizations. One of the important features of the twenty-fourth edition is a greater focus on the fetus as a patient and an expanded discussion of fetal diagnosis and therapy. This is complemented by more than 100 new sonographic and MR images of common fetal abnormalities. A new reorganization of the text enables the book to highlight more effectively the myriad disorders that may complicate pregnancy. Williams Obstetrics provides a convenient, clinically relevant text of value to the busy practitioner. The book summarizes important new data that has influenced evidence-based management to improve pregnancy outcomes. Much of this data is conveniently distilled into newly created tables and diagnostic and treatment algorithms. During discussion, numerous sources are cited to provide evidence-based options for patient management. Additionally, nearly 900 images complement the text, many of which are new or enhanced. These include sonograms, MR images, photographs, diagrams, and graphs. This edition of Williams Obstetrics continues to provide clinicians with everything they need to know about the practice of obstetrics with a level of authority and quality of presentation not found in any other resource.
The first bilateral investment treaties addresses the processes by which, and the purposes for which, the State Department, during the years of the Truman administration, reconceptualized as bilateral investment treaties the friendship, commerce and navigation (FCN) treaties that the United States had negotiated since its independence, originally as treaties to establish trade and maritime relations. It argues that, at the end of the Second World War, to ensure peace and prosperity the United States sought to project New Deal liberalism onto the international plane and for that reason urged the creation of multilateral institutions to foster full employment worldwide. U.S. officials believed that full employment required the promotion, but also the regulation, of international capital movements. To promote capital movements, State Department officials acceded to the demands of the business community that it seek treaty protection for U.S. foreign investment. After efforts to incorporate investment protections into a multilateral International Trade Organization failed, the State Department turned to bilateral FCN treaties to obtain the protections it sought. In devising these treaty protections, U.S. officials incorporated into the FCN treaties four U.S. constitutional law principles - security, reasonableness, nondiscrimination and due process -- largely as these principles were understood by the New Deal Supreme Court, thereby providing U.S. investors abroad with protections similar to those enjoyed in the United States. Other FCN treaty provisions sought to facilitate the movement of capital across borders, while permitting host states to regulate such movements. This account uncovers the origins and purposes of a set of provisions that would create a legal framework for global capitalism in the late twentieth century. It demonstrates that U.S. foreign investment policy during the Truman years is best understood as a projection of New Deal liberalism, including ideas of liberal legality, onto the international plane, rather than as an instrument of Cold War containment or a capitulation to the demands of U.S. capitalists.
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