This book addresses the acoustic signal analysis and spectral dynamics of the tanpura, an Indian plucked string instrument. In addition, it strives to provide a logical and objective explanation of Indian classical musicians’ cognitive experience. Issues of relevance in this regard include the rich, mellifluous sound; the undulation of the loudness; the somewhat cyclical variation of the timbre, which is strongly related to these undulations; and the occasional perception of virtual notes to which no strings are tuned. The book analyses the materials used in the tanpura, the instrument’s simple structure, the intricacies of the lower bridge, and the theory of string vibration with variable string length. Cognitive experiments to provide the basis for perceptual quality assessment, as well as a methodology for ranking, are described. This is followed by acoustic analyses, both temporal and spectral, for sounds produced by male and female tanpuras, for each individual string and the combined one. An important aspect related to the naturalness of perceived sound, namely the intrinsically associated random perturbations, is also discussed. The apparent irregularities perceived in the acoustic signal produced by the tanpura reveal the importance of examining the signal from the perspective of non-linear analysis, an aspect that is also covered in the book. Given its scope, the book will appeal to students and researchers in the fields of music acoustics, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science, as well as musicians and musicologists around the world.
Cutting-edge coverage of stem cell biology and applications Featuring contributions from leading global experts, this authoritative volume addresses all major areas of stem cell biology and their potential therapeutic applications. The first part of the book covers embryonic stem cells and contains details on the emerging field of embryonic stem cell-based drug screening platforms. The second part deals with multipotent adult stem cells from different tissue types, and covers unique concepts such as cancer stem cells and tissue engineering-based approaches for designing microenvironments for tissue regeneration. Eighty pages of inserts with 113 color figures are included in this pioneering work. Coverage includes: Zebrafish, medaka, chicken embryonic, and mouse embryonic stem cells Derivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) from blastocysts Treating diabetes with hESCs hESCs as a model system to study human genetics Application of hESCs in drug discovery Adult stem cells for regenerative medicine and cancer therapies Mesenchymal stem cells for neurodegenerative disease therapies Dental pulp, hematopoietic, and spermatogonial stem cells Epigenetic regulators of stem cell pluripotency Cancer stem cells
Cutting-edge coverage of stem cell biology and applications Featuring contributions from leading global experts, this authoritative volume addresses all major areas of stem cell biology and their potential therapeutic applications. The first part of the book covers embryonic stem cells and contains details on the emerging field of embryonic stem cell-based drug screening platforms. The second part deals with multipotent adult stem cells from different tissue types, and covers unique concepts such as cancer stem cells and tissue engineering-based approaches for designing microenvironments for tissue regeneration. Eighty pages of inserts with 113 color figures are included in this pioneering work. Coverage includes: Zebrafish, medaka, chicken embryonic, and mouse embryonic stem cells Derivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) from blastocysts Treating diabetes with hESCs hESCs as a model system to study human genetics Application of hESCs in drug discovery Adult stem cells for regenerative medicine and cancer therapies Mesenchymal stem cells for neurodegenerative disease therapies Dental pulp, hematopoietic, and spermatogonial stem cells Epigenetic regulators of stem cell pluripotency Cancer stem cells
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