This book explores the importance of freedom and liberalism in the context of socialities, individualities and materialities. The authors provide a highly unusual and innovative blending of concepts about space and landscape through a deeply theoretical exploration of liberalism. Liberalism is often problematized in contemporary discussions with regard to gentrification, environmental problems and inequality. In contrast, this book refers to a liberalism that maximizes life chances in the context of dealing with spaces. A connection between freedom and space, based on liberal ideas, provides a much needed theoretical intervention in the fields of social and spatial sciences.
In the face of great challenges, utopian thinking is currently in vogue. The fact that utopias, with their ideas of an idealized target society, are not compatible with the basic features of an Open Society was already pointed out by Karl Popper in his book 'Die Offene Gesellschaft und ihre Feinde' (The Open Society and its Enemies) under the impression of National Socialism and Stalinism. In the present book, further forms of Closed Societies and the principal similarities (and differences) of their construction are examined. This is done by drawing on Ralf Dahrendorf's concept of life chances, in which he deals with the interaction of options and ligatures. The ambivalence of Dahrendorf's understanding of ligatures, since they restrict options on the one hand, but also give them meaning on the other, is resolved by a threefold differentiation: into ethical and moral, internally and externally directed, and explicit and implicit ligatures. While the former are capable of enabling life chances, the latter tend to limit them. Based on this, the authors elaborate on the landscape (side) consequences of various closed societies and how ill-suited they are for dealing with current challenges.
This volume provides a basic introduction to the philosophy of science and its central concepts, theories, and philosophical, scientific, and spatial positions and approaches.
The understanding of landscape in the German-speaking area has some similarities with the discussions of the topic in other European languages and scientific communities, but there are some specifics. These specifics can be found both in the common sense understanding of landscape and in the history of scientific conceptualization. Special features of the common sense understanding lie on the one hand in the medieval roots, a strong romantic charge and the strong connection between home and landscape. With regard to the scientific examination of landscape, there are specific fractions and discontinuities in the German-speaking world. Contents• Theoretical Framing: the Creation of Landscape• The Genesis of the Landscape Concept in the German Language Regions – the Common Sense Understanding• The Concept of Landscape in Landscape-Related Sciences• Landscape Research in its Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Challenge About the AuthorsDr. Karsten Berr works as a research assistant at the Department for Urban and Regional Development at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.Dr. Dr. Olaf Kühne is professor for Urban and Regional Development at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.
At the UN Climate Negotiations in Copenhagen, 117 heads of state concluded that low-carbon development is necessary in order to combat climate change. However, they also understood that transition to a low-carbon economy requires the implementation of a portfolio of policies and programs - a challenging endeavour for any nation. This book addresses the need for information about factors impacting climate policy implementation, using as a case study one effort that is at the heart of attempts to create a low-carbon future: the European Emission Trading Scheme. It explores problems surrounding the implementation of the ETS, including the role of vested interests, the impact of design details and opportunities to attract long-term investments. It also shows how international climate cooperation can be designed to support the domestic implementation of low-carbon policies. This timely analysis of carbon pricing contains important lessons for all those concerned with the development of post-Copenhagen climate policy.
The understanding of landscape in the German-speaking area has some similarities with the discussions of the topic in other European languages and scientific communities, but there are some specifics. These specifics can be found both in the common sense understanding of landscape and in the history of scientific conceptualization. Special features of the common sense understanding lie on the one hand in the medieval roots, a strong romantic charge and the strong connection between home and landscape. With regard to the scientific examination of landscape, there are specific fractions and discontinuities in the German-speaking world. Contents• Theoretical Framing: the Creation of Landscape• The Genesis of the Landscape Concept in the German Language Regions – the Common Sense Understanding• The Concept of Landscape in Landscape-Related Sciences• Landscape Research in its Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Challenge About the AuthorsDr. Karsten Berr works as a research assistant at the Department for Urban and Regional Development at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.Dr. Dr. Olaf Kühne is professor for Urban and Regional Development at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.
In the face of great challenges, utopian thinking is currently in vogue. The fact that utopias, with their ideas of an idealized target society, are not compatible with the basic features of an Open Society was already pointed out by Karl Popper in his book 'Die Offene Gesellschaft und ihre Feinde' (The Open Society and its Enemies) under the impression of National Socialism and Stalinism. In the present book, further forms of Closed Societies and the principal similarities (and differences) of their construction are examined. This is done by drawing on Ralf Dahrendorf's concept of life chances, in which he deals with the interaction of options and ligatures. The ambivalence of Dahrendorf's understanding of ligatures, since they restrict options on the one hand, but also give them meaning on the other, is resolved by a threefold differentiation: into ethical and moral, internally and externally directed, and explicit and implicit ligatures. While the former are capable of enabling life chances, the latter tend to limit them. Based on this, the authors elaborate on the landscape (side) consequences of various closed societies and how ill-suited they are for dealing with current challenges.
This book explores the importance of freedom and liberalism in the context of socialities, individualities and materialities. The authors provide a highly unusual and innovative blending of concepts about space and landscape through a deeply theoretical exploration of liberalism. Liberalism is often problematized in contemporary discussions with regard to gentrification, environmental problems and inequality. In contrast, this book refers to a liberalism that maximizes life chances in the context of dealing with spaces. A connection between freedom and space, based on liberal ideas, provides a much needed theoretical intervention in the fields of social and spatial sciences.
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