Karl Wittgenstein's Books

From a Transcendental-semiotic Point of View

By: Karl-Otto Apel

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From a Transcendental-semiotic Point of View

By: Karl-Otto Apel

Collected together in English, Karl-Otto Apel's work covers a spectrum of philosophical issues. This work is aimed at academics and students concerned with (post-)analytical philosophy, epistemology, history of science, Heidegger's fundamental ontology, current debates about transcendental modes of argument, second-generation Frankfurt School thinkers and American pragmatists. It is also aimed at those interested in reformulations of Kantian themes and redefinitions of older ideas within the linguistic paradigm, as well as those who, being familiar with Habermas' work, wish to know more about the controversies and debates within the circle of the Frankfurt School itself.

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260

Publisher

Manchester University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0719055385

ISBN 13

9780719055386

Towards a Transformation of Philosophy

By: Karl Otto Apel

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Towards a Transformation of Philosophy

By: Karl Otto Apel

First Published in 1980 (English Translation) Towards a Transformation of Philosophy presents selected essays from Karl -Otto Apel’s two- volume German collection that was published in 1973 under the title Transformation der Philosophie. Karl -Otto Apel’s studies in philosophy and the social sciences can be said to have bridged the gap that had hitherto existed between the Anglo-Saxon traditions of analytical philosophy of language and pragmatism, and the philosophical traditions of the European continent of phenomenology, existentialism, and hermeneutics. Apel points to language as the crucial dimension in the constitution of historical meaning and therefore as the historical condition for the possibility of truth. In this context he discusses the hermeneutic dimension of Wittgenstein’s philosophy and that of his followers, together with the development of pragmatism and with recent trends in Chomsky’s linguistics. In arguing for the complementarity of technical and practical interests in acquiring knowledge for a critical theory of society Apel examines the preconditions for an emancipatory critique of ideology and the communication community as the predeterminate of both the social sciences and moral discourse. In all the essays, Apel sets out to counter the positivistic and scientistic restrictions placed upon a satisfactory understanding of the preconditions for the possibility and validity of human knowledge. This is a must read for scholars and researchers of philosophy.

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194

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

100380585X

ISBN 13

9781003805854

Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium

By: Karl Menger

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Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium

By: Karl Menger

Karl Menger was born in Vienna on January 13, 1902, the only child of two gifted parents. His mother Hermione, nee Andermann (1870-1922), in addition to her musical abilities, wrote and published short stories and novelettes, while his father Carl (1840-1921) was the noted Austrian economist, one of the founders of marginal utility theory. A highly cultured man, and a liberal rationalist in the nine teenth century sense, the elder Menger had witnessed the defeat and humiliation of the old Austrian empire by Bismarck's Prussia, and the subsequent establishment under Prussian leadership of a militaristic, mystically nationalistic, state-capitalist German empire - in effect, the first modern "military-industrial complex. " These events helped frame in him a set of attitudes that he later transmitted to his son, and which included an appreciation of cultural attainments and tolerance and respect for cultural differences, com bined with a deep suspicion of rabid nationalism, particularly the German variety. Also a fascination with structure, whether artistic, scientific, philosophical, or theological, but a rejection of any aura of mysticism or mumbo-jumbo accompanying such structure. Thus the son remarked at least once that the archangels' chant that begins the Prolog im Himmel in Goethe's Faust was perhaps the most viii INTRODUCTION beautiful thing in the German language "but of course it doesn't mean anything.

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271

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

9401111022

ISBN 13

9789401111027

Exact Thinking in Demented Times

The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science

By: Karl Sigmund

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Exact Thinking in Demented Times

The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science

By: Karl Sigmund

A dazzling group biography of the early twentieth-century thinkers who transformed the way the world thought about math and science Inspired by Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and Bertrand Russell and David Hilbert's pursuit of the fundamental rules of mathematics, some of the most brilliant minds of the generation came together in post-World War I Vienna to present the latest theories in mathematics, science, and philosophy and to build a strong foundation for scientific investigation. Composed of such luminaries as Kurt Gö and Rudolf Carnap, and stimulated by the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Karl Popper, the Vienna Circle left an indelible mark on science. Exact Thinking in Demented Times tells the often outrageous, sometimes tragic, and never boring stories of the men who transformed scientific thought. A revealing work of history, this landmark book pays tribute to those who dared to reinvent knowledge from the ground up.

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491

Publisher

Basic Books

Published Date

ISBN 10

0465096964

ISBN 13

9780465096961

The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Raimund Popper

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The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Raimund Popper

When first published in 1959, this book revolutionized contemporary thinking about science and knowledge. It remains one of the most widely read books about science to come out of the 20th century.

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548

Publisher

Psychology Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0415278449

ISBN 13

9780415278447

The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge

By: Karl Popper

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The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge

By: Karl Popper

In a letter of 1932, Karl Popper described Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie – The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge – as ‘...a child of crises, above all of ...the crisis of physics.’ Finally available in English, it is a major contribution to the philosophy of science, epistemology and twentieth century philosophy generally. The two fundamental problems of knowledge that lie at the centre of the book are the problem of induction, that although we are able to observe only a limited number of particular events, science nevertheless advances unrestricted universal statements; and the problem of demarcation, which asks for a separating line between empirical science and non-science. Popper seeks to solve these two basic problems with his celebrated theory of falsifiability, arguing that the inferences made in science are not inductive but deductive; science does not start with observations and proceed to generalise them but with problems, which it attacks with bold conjectures. The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge is essential reading for anyone interested in Karl Popper, in the history and philosophy of science, and in the methods and theories of science itself.

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551

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1135626766

ISBN 13

9781135626761

The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Popper

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The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Popper

Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of 'great originality and power', this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of 'falsificationism' electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper's most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.

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545

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1134470029

ISBN 13

9781134470020

Unended Quest

An Intellectual Autobiography

By: Karl Popper

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Unended Quest

An Intellectual Autobiography

By: Karl Popper

At the age of eight, Karl Popper was puzzling over the idea of infinity and by fifteen was beginning to take a keen interest in his father's well-stocked library of books. Unended Quest recounts these moments and many others in the life of one of the most influential thinkers of the twentieth century, providing an indispensable account of the ideas that influenced him most. As an introduction to Popper's philosophy, Unended Quest also shines. Popper lucidly explains the central ideas in his work, making this book ideal for anyone coming to Popper's life and work for the first time.

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344

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1134449712

ISBN 13

9781134449712

Conjectures and Refutations

The Growth of Scientific Knowledge

By: Karl Popper

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Conjectures and Refutations

The Growth of Scientific Knowledge

By: Karl Popper

Conjectures and Refutations is one of Karl Popper's most wide-ranging and popular works, notable not only for its acute insight into the way scientific knowledge grows, but also for applying those insights to politics and to history. It provides one of the clearest and most accessible statements of the fundamental idea that guided his work: not only our knowledge, but our aims and our standards, grow through an unending process of trial and error.

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616

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1135971374

ISBN 13

9781135971373

The Open Society and its Enemies

By: Karl Popper

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The Open Society and its Enemies

By: Karl Popper

Written in political exile in New Zealand during the Second World War and published in two volumes in 1945, The Open Society and its Enemies was hailed by Bertrand Russell as a 'vigorous and profound defence of democracy'. This legendary attack on the philosophies of Plato, Hegel and Marx prophesied the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and exposed the fatal flaws of socially engineered political systems. It remains highly readable, erudite and lucid and as essential reading today as on publication in 1945. It is available here in a special centenary single-volume edition.

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896

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1136749772

ISBN 13

9781136749773

The Open Society and Its Enemies

By: Karl R. Popper

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The Open Society and Its Enemies

By: Karl R. Popper

One of the most important books of the twentieth century, Karl Popper's The Open Society and Its Enemies is an uncompromising defense of liberal democracy and a powerful attack on the intellectual origins of totalitarianism. Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. The Open Society and Its Enemies was the result. An immediate sensation when it was first published in two volumes in 1945, Popper's monumental achievement has attained legendary status on both the Left and Right and is credited with inspiring anticommunist dissidents during the Cold War. Arguing that the spirit of free, critical inquiry that governs scientific investigation should also apply to politics, Popper traces the roots of an opposite, authoritarian tendency to a tradition represented by Plato, Marx, and Hegel. In a substantial new introduction written for this edition, acclaimed political philosopher Alan Ryan puts Popper's landmark work in biographical, intellectual, and historical context. Also included is a personal essay by eminent art historian E.H. Gombrich, in which he recounts the story of the book's eventual publication despite numerous rejections and wartime deprivations.--

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804

Publisher

Princeton University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0691210845

ISBN 13

9780691210841

The Open Society and Its Enemies

By: Karl Raimund Popper

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The Open Society and Its Enemies

By: Karl Raimund Popper

Written in political exile during the Second World War, The Open Society and its Enemies prophesied the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and exposed the fatal flaws of socially engineered political systems.

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Page Count

802

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

0415610214

ISBN 13

9780415610216

Conjectures and Refutations

The Growth of Scientific Knowledge

By: Karl Raimund Popper

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Conjectures and Refutations

The Growth of Scientific Knowledge

By: Karl Raimund Popper

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614

Publisher

Psychology Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0415285941

ISBN 13

9780415285940

Evolutionary Epistemology, Rationality, and the Sociology of Knowledge

By: Karl Raimund Popper

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Evolutionary Epistemology, Rationality, and the Sociology of Knowledge

By: Karl Raimund Popper

Bartley and Radnitzky have done the philosophy of knowledge a tremendous service. Scholars now have a superb and up-to-date presentation of the fundamental ideas of evolutionary epistemology." --Philosophical Books

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Page Count

500

Publisher

Open Court Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

0812690397

ISBN 13

9780812690392

Selected Papers in Logic and Foundations, Didactics, Economics

By: Karl Menger

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Selected Papers in Logic and Foundations, Didactics, Economics

By: Karl Menger

This volume brings together those papers of mine which may be of interest not only to various specialists but also to philosophers. Many of my writings in mathematics were motivated by epistemological considerations; some papers originated in the critique of certain views that at one time dominated the discussions of the Vienna Cirele; others grew out of problems in teaching fundamental ideas of mathematics; sti II others were occasioned by personal relations with economists. Hence a wide range of subjects will be discussed: epistemology, logic, basic concepts of pure and applied mathematics, philosophical ideas resulting from geometric studies, mathematical didactics and, finally, economics. The papers also span a period of more than fifty years. What unifies the various parts of the book is the spirit of searching for the elarification of basic concepts and methods and of articulating hidden ideas and tacit procedures. Part 1 ineludes papers published about 1930 which expound an idea that Carnap, after a short period of opposition in the Cirele, fully adopted ; and, under the name "Princip/e of To/erance", he eloquently formulated it in great generality in his book, Logica/ Syntax of Language (1934), through which it was widely disseminated. "The New Logic" in Chapter 1 furthermore ineludes the first report (I932) to a larger public of Godel's epochal discovery presented among the great logic results of ali time. Chapter 2 is a translation of an often quoted 1930 paper presenting a detailed exposition and critique of intuitionism.

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343

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Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

9400993471

ISBN 13

9789400993471

Kant's Theory of Mind

An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason

By: Karl Ameriks

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Kant's Theory of Mind

An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason

By: Karl Ameriks

This seminal contribution to Kant studies, originally published in 1982, was the first to present a thorough survey and evaluation of Kant's theory of mind. Ameriks focuses on Kant's discussion of the Paralogisms in the Critique of Pure Reason, and examines how the themes raised there aretreated in the rest of Kant's writings. Ameriks demonstrates that Kant developed a theory of mind that is much more rationalistic and defensible than most interpreters have allowed.

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392

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0198246617

ISBN 13

9780198246619

Wittgenstein and Moyal-Sharrock on Hinge Certainties

By: Karl-Heinz Mayer

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Wittgenstein and Moyal-Sharrock on Hinge Certainties

By: Karl-Heinz Mayer

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Philosophy - Philosophy of the 20th century, grade: 1,0, University of Vienna (Institut für Philosophie), course: Wittgensteins Philosophische Untersuchungen, language: English, abstract: Wittgenstein’s use of the word “hinge” for intrinsic certainties, which are forming an unconscious, unjustified foundation of our acting, has spurred an intense discussion in contemporary epistemology. In the build-up of secondary literature about Wittgenstein’s late collection of reflections that his literary executors published under the title On Certainty, Danièle Moyal-Sharrock plays an important role with her book “Understanding Wittgenstein’s On Certainty” (2005) and a number of other publications. In her book, she has placed particular weight on the concept of hinges, ascribing to them eight particular properties and vigorously denying them the status of being propositions. Other epistemologists have responded and articulated deviating views. The debate is still going on and this paper attempts to explain, first and foremost, what Wittgenstein wrote about hinges and the concepts interrelated to them, such as doubt, certainty, foundation, and acting. Then I’ll summarize, and partly criticize Moyal-Sharrock’s position. I shall argue that her accentuation of the nonpropositionality of hinges is a bit exaggerated, a point of view that is also confirmed by some counter-arguments by Annalisa Coliva, who suggests a conciliatory resolution of the conflict. Finally, Moyal-Sharrock gets the last word, though not entirely convincing.

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GRIN Verlag

Published Date

ISBN 10

3656655944

ISBN 13

9783656655947

The Waltz of Reason

The Entanglement of Mathematics and Philosophy

By: Karl Sigmund

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The Waltz of Reason

The Entanglement of Mathematics and Philosophy

By: Karl Sigmund

A mind-bending jaunt ... that makes clear in fascinating detail how math is more than a sum of its parts" (Publishers Weekly) “Let no one ignorant of geometry enter here,” Plato warned would-be philosophers. Mathematician Karl Sigmund agrees. In The Waltz of Reason, he shows how mathematics and philosophy together have shaped our understanding of space, chance, logic, cooperation, voting, and the social contract. Sigmund shows how game theory is integral to moral philosophy, how statistics shaped the meaning of reason, and how the search for a logical basis for math leads to deep questions about the nature of truth itself. But this is no dry tome: Sigmund’s wit and humor shine as brightly as his erudition. The Waltz of Reason is an engrossing history of ideas as vibrant as a ballroom full of dancers, one that empowers as it entertains, following the complex and occasionally dizzying steps of the thinkers who have molded our thought and founded our world.

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346

Publisher

Basic Books

Published Date

ISBN 10

1541602706

ISBN 13

9781541602700

Realism and the Aim of Science

From the Postscript to The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Popper

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Realism and the Aim of Science

From the Postscript to The Logic of Scientific Discovery

By: Karl Popper

Realism and the Aim of Science is one of the three volumes of Karl Popper’s Postscript to the Logic of scientific Discovery. The Postscript is the culmination of Popper’s work in the philosophy of physics and a new famous attack on subjectivist approaches to philosophy of science. Realism and the Aim of Science is the first volume of the Postcript. Popper here formulates and explains his non-justificationist theory of knowledge: science aims at true explanatory theories, yet it can never prove, or justify, any theory to be true, not even if is a true theory. Science must continue to question and criticise all its theories, even those that happen to be true. Realism and the Aim of Science presents Popper’s mature statement on scientific knowledge and offers important insights into his thinking on problems of method within science.

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Page Count

465

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1135858888

ISBN 13

9781135858889

Book's by Karl Wittgenstein

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