This volume looks at social dilemmas where cooperative motivations are subverted and self-interest becomes self-defeating. Sigmund, a pioneer in evolutionary game theory, uses simple and well-known game theory models to examine the foundations of collective action and the effects of reciprocity and reputation.
This study reexamines the invention of the emblem book and discusses the novel textual and pictorial means that applied to the task of transmitting knowledge. It offers a fresh analysis of Alciato’s Emblematum liber, focusing on his poetics of the emblem, and on how he actually construed emblems. It demonstrates that the “father of emblematics” had vernacular forebears, most importantly Johann von Schwarzenberg who composed two illustrated emblem books between 1510 and 1520. The study sheds light on the early development of the Latin emblem book 1531–1610, with special emphasis on the invention of the emblematic commentary, on natural history, and on advanced methods of conveying emblematic knowledge, from Junius to Vaenius.
This book brings together psychoanalysis, clinical and theoretical, with history in a study of remembering as reparation: not compensation, but recognition of the actuality of perpetration and the remorseful urge to rejuvenate whatever represents this damage. Karl Figlio argues that this process, intensively studied by Melanie Klein, is shadowed by manic reparation, which simulates, but is antithetical, to it. Both aim for peace of mind: the former in a guilt-induced attitude of making better a damaged ‘good object’, internal and external; the latter, supported by defences thoroughly studied in psychoanalysis, in claiming liberation from an accusatory object. This psychoanalytic line of thinking converges with historical scholarship on post-war German memory and memorialization. Remembering is posited as ambivalent - it is reparative, in ‘remembering true’, with respect and self-respect. It is also manic reparative, in ‘remembering false’, shedding bonds to the actuality of history through acts of triumph and liberation. This thoughtful book highlights new features of history and memory work, especially the importance of emotion, and will be of great value to students, academics and practitioners across the fields of psychoanalysis, memory studies, German studies and modern history.
Evolutionary aesthetics is the attempt to understand the aesthetic judgement of human beings and their spontaneous distinction between "beauty" and "ugliness" as a biologically adapted ability to make important decisions in life. The hypothesis is - both in the area of "natural beauty" and in sexuality, with regard to landscape preferences, but also in the area of "artificial beauty" (i.e. in art and design) - that beauty opens up fitness opportunities, while ugliness holds fitness risks. In this book, this adaptive view of aesthetics is developed theoretically, presented on the basis of numerous examples, and its consequences for evolutionary anthropology are illuminated.
German professors and academic intellectuals are often blamed for passivity or complicity in the National Socialist rise to power. Karl Mannheim was a leading representative of a vital minority of university personalities who devoted themselves to making sociology and higher education contribute to democratization. Sociology as Political Education is both an analytical account of Mannheim's efforts as well as an illustration of the application of sociological knowledge to the world of practical action. Together with a second biographical volume by the editors, forthcoming next season, it comprisesa complete record of Karl Mannheim in the university life of the Weimar period. The comparatively new discipline of sociology was looked upon with favor by the Weimar Republic's reformers of higher education. In advancing its methods Mannheim had first to contend first with prominent and influential figures who attacked sociology as a mere political device to undermine cultural and national values for the sake of narrow interests and partisanship. He then had to meet the objections of fellow sociologists who were convinced that the discipline could prosper only as an area of specialized study with no claim to educational goals beyond the technical reproduction. Finally, he had to separate himself from proponents of politicized sociology. Sociological thought should be rigorous, critical, and attentive to evidence, but, Mannheim argued, its system had to be open and congruent with the ultimate responsibility of human beings for their acts. Loader and Kettler supplement Mannheim's groundbreaking volume with previously untranslated Mannheim texts, among them a transcript of his 1930 sociology course in which Mannheim answered his critics and clarified his intentions. Sociology as Political Education is not only of historical significance, but also shows Mannheim's relevance for current discussions of academic integrity and politicization. This volume will be of interest to sociologists, cultural historians, and political scientists.
Unidentified phenomena in space, in the Earth's atmosphere, and in waters are too important to leave their exploration to the military and scientific laypersons. Their proper scientific study is important for a variety of reasons; in particular, scientists and the public at large need to know the basic facts, to be informed about the way evidence is recorded, and to understand the difference been reliable evidence and fiction, as well as between plausible explanations and fantasy. With this objective, the book surveys the history of UFO observations, the variety of recorded phenomena, and recounts the efforts of investigative commissions and their published findings. Although wild rumors are demystified in the process, this is not an exercise in rumor-bashing. An open and at the same time critical mindset is the key. Many narratives and hypothesis appear implausible relative to our present state of knowledge; but this alone should not lead to their outright exclusion. Thus the author also pays attention to UFO sightings that have so far eluded explanation in terms of known physics or meteorology. Here the reader will encounter some of the more speculative but scientifically tenable proposals, for example, relating to sudden zigzag motion without apparent inertia or recognizable propulsion, yet always with a clear guide to their plausibility. Last but not least, the book outlines plans and suggestions for future research capable of revealing the existence and intentions of extraterrestrial intelligences, outer-space engineers, or technologies so far known only from science fiction.
Numerous experiments and calculations have shown that isolated metal clusters possess many interesting features, quite different from those known from surface and solid- state physics or from atomic and molecular physics. The technological exploitation of these new properties, e.g. in miniature electronic or mechanical components, requires the cluster to be brought into an environment such as an encapsulating matrix or a surface. Due to the interaction with the contact medium, the properties of the clusters may change or even disappear. Thus the physics of cluster-on-surface systems -- the main subject of this book -- is of fundamental importance. The book addresses a wide audience, from the newcomer to the expert. Starting from fundamental concepts of adsorbate-surface interactions, the modification of electronic properties through electron confinement, and concepts of cluster production, it elucidates the distinct properties of the new metallic nanostructures.
Though many Old Testament scholars prefer no longer to speak of the Elohist source in the Pentateuch, Gnuse seeks to defend the existence of this pentateuchal tradition by responding to scholarly critics, isolating texts belonging to the source and offering a theological assessment of these texts. Dream reports in ancient Near Eastern texts from the seventh and sixth centuries BCE bear striking familiarity with the biblical dream reports in the Elohist. Prophetic narratives in the books of Samuel and Kings appear to have inspired the subsequent creation of the Elohist narratives in the Pentateuch. Thus, Gnuse situates the Elohist tradition in the seventh century BCE after the fall of the state of Israel in the north in 722 BCE, which is a later date than scholars have attributed to this source in the past. Because of this setting the Elohist texts may be assessed differently than they have been in the past. The texts might have spoken to exiles from the northern state with themes that bespeak devotion to one God, hope of restoration, and absolute obedience to a transcendent deity who is revealed through dreams, fire, and prophets. The author also ponders what these texts say to our modern age.
Ranging from the Egypt of the Pharaohs to the present day, Historical Atlas of Dermatology and Dermatologists offers a unique insight into the history of dermatology and the influences that led to present practice. It sheds new light on the emergence of dermatology as a separate medical speciality and on some of the key players who have contributed
How does creativity evolve in mind? This question leads a journey through neuroanatomical understanding and cognitive models. It thereby helps to figure out new approaches in decoding the process of creativity. These “aspects of the new” provide better understanding and constitute future research and insight of cognitive activities and creativity.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this convenient volume provides comprehensive analysis of the law affecting the physician-patient relationship in Norway. Cutting across the traditional compartments with which lawyers are familiar, medical law is concerned with issues arising from this relationship, and not with the many wider juridical relations involved in the broader field of health care law. After a general introduction, the book systematically describes law related to the medical profession, proceeding from training, licensing, and other aspects of access to the profession, through disciplinary and professional liability and medical ethics considerations and quality assurance, to such aspects of the physician-patient relationship as rights and duties of physicians and patients, consent, privacy, and access to medical records. Also covered are specific issues such as organ transplants, human medical research, abortion, and euthanasia, as well as matters dealing with the physician in relation to other health care providers, health care insurance, and the health care system. Succinct and practical, this book will prove to be of great value to professional organizations of physicians, nurses, hospitals, and relevant government agencies. Lawyers representing parties with interests in Norway will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its comparative value as a contribution to the study of medical law in the international context.
Can the North Atlantic Area become a "security community"—a community like some other historical groups, in which warfare among members becomes highly improbable? This is the central problem of international organization; it is the problem attacked by this book as part of a larger study of the factors involved in the elimination of war. It comprises the first social-scientific study of its kind, based on historical analyses and representing the efforts of a group of political scientists and historians. It may be regarded as a prototype of fruitful research in the future. This volume will have particular interest in the NATO countries, among government and military planners, academic groups, and the general public. Its joint authors are Karl W. Deutsch, Sidney A. Burrell, Robert A. Kann, Maurice Jr. Lee; Martin Lichterman, R. E. Lindgren, F. L. Lorwenheim, and R. W. VanWagenen. Originally published in 1968. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
The Rewriting of Njáls saga concerns itself with the process which enables literary texts to cross cultures and endure history. Through six interrelated case studies, Jón Karl Helgason focuses on the reception of Njáls saga, the most distinguished of the Icelandic sagas, in Britain, the United States, Denmark, Norway and Iceland, between 1861 and 1945. The editions and translations in question claim to represent a medieval narrative to their audience, but Helgason emphasises how these texts simultaneously reflect the rewriters' contemporary ideas about race, culture, politics and poetics. Introducing the principles of comparative Translation Studies to the field of Medieval Literature, Helgason's book identifies the dialogue between literary (re)production and society.
First published in 1980. This is Volume II of Mannheim's collected works, translated by Edward Shils and includes recent developments in the author's thinking since 1935 when it was originally written.
This book revisits the 1970 Kent State shootings, also known as the May 4 massacre and the Kent State massacre, using a new approach of currere and psychoanalytic guided regression. Drawing on a variety of interviews with those who were present at the events or who have close connections to the aftermath, the author engages in what he terms a doubled currere. This includes weaving a description of currere and narrative work with the actual storytelling of the subjects in order to build bridges and positive meaning through allegory and through inquiry that honors the narrative and re-energizes the field. Using a combination of the interviews, analysis and synthesis, the book re-activates and re-vitalizes the events, crucially engages with the notion of alterity, and unpacks the singularity of the past in its distinctive complexity. Carrying themes of hopeful ambiguity, it demonstrates how positive change can be guided, and positive insights engendered. Constructing a new remembrance of these tragic events and offering a distinctive and unique study utilizing currere, it will appeal to scholars of curriculum and instruction, as well as psychiatrists, psychologists, and historians.
Pharaoh Akhenaten remains one of the most fascinating and studied figures of ancient history. Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism focuses on Akhenaten's preoccupation with worshipping the sun disc Aten, and the implications of this unique religion in foundationally shaping monotheism.
In a number of highly-charged child abuse cases, teachers and parents have been wrongfully arrested because of claims of 'recovered memory'. But brain science is now discovering how memories can alter, or even be planted by leading questions. Sabbagh explains the latest findings, and argues that courts must be guided by them.
It is commonly believed that chaos is linked to non-linearity, however many (even quite natural) linear dynamical systems exhibit chaotic behavior. The study of these systems is a young and remarkably active field of research, which has seen many landmark results over the past two decades. Linear dynamics lies at the crossroads of several areas of mathematics including operator theory, complex analysis, ergodic theory and partial differential equations. At the same time its basic ideas can be easily understood by a wide audience. Written by two renowned specialists, Linear Chaos provides a welcome introduction to this theory. Split into two parts, part I presents a self-contained introduction to the dynamics of linear operators, while part II covers selected, largely independent topics from linear dynamics. More than 350 exercises and many illustrations are included, and each chapter contains a further ‘Sources and Comments’ section. The only prerequisites are a familiarity with metric spaces, the basic theory of Hilbert and Banach spaces and fundamentals of complex analysis. More advanced tools, only needed occasionally, are provided in two appendices. A self-contained exposition, this book will be suitable for self-study and will appeal to advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It will also be of use to researchers in other areas of mathematics such as partial differential equations, dynamical systems and ergodic theory.
The orientalist Karl Sussheim kept his Diary in Turkish - and later in Arabic - from his early years in the Ottoman Empire through the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 and after his return to Germany, through war, revolution, and the horrors of Nazi rule. This book presents selected episodes in translation from the surviving parts of Sussheim's Diary, covering the years 1908 to 1940. In its detached style it allows the reader a remarkable insight into Sussheim's family surroundings, his academic career at Munich University, and the eventful times he lived through. Flemming and Schmidt aim at providing at once an intimate impression of, and a monument to, one of the great diarists of the last century. To illuminate the issues for a broad range of readers, the selected texts from the Diary are situated against the background of contemporary events and fully annotated. "Erst die kommentierte Ubersetzung der Tagebucher gibt Sussheim sein Leben zuruck, macht aus dem Vergessenen und Unbekannten einen an allem interessierten Menschen im Wirbel des dramatischen Geschehens der ersten Halfte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts [a] in diesem Buch entsteht ein Leben, das den Leser in den Bann zieht. Es ist die Lebensgeschichte eines genialen Autodidakten, der durch seine bedingungslose Liebe zum Orient zu einem Aussenseiter wurde." FAZ aFlemming and Schmidt have done a remarkable job and the resulting work presents a valuable historical source.o Jahrbuch fur Europaische Uberseegeschichte "There is more, much more, in this impeccably researched and translated work than can be mentioned in the space of a short review." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. (Franz Steiner 2002)
In recognition of Karl Barth’s stature as a theologian and public figure in the life of Europe and the West, Swiss publisher Theologischer Verlag Zurich (TVZ) published Conversations, a collection of correspondence, articles, interviews, and other short-form writings by Barth. Collected in three volumes, Conversationsreveals the depth and breadth of Barth’s theological thought as well as his humor and humanity. Now, for the first time in English, the third and final volume is offered here. Volume 3 covers the period from 1964 to 1968, the year of Barth’s death. As such, it represents the culmination of the great theologian’s thoughts on a broad range of subjects, from the challenges of living as the church in an increasingly secular world to the distinctive joys and challenges of the pastoral vocation.
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