This concise paperback focuses on the nuances of legal writing style and provides novice legal writers with the skills they need to polish their writing. Guide to Legal Writing Style, Fourth Edition, intended as an ancillary to any basic legal writing text, expands what students learn in their first-year courses by providing additional techniques and style tips that will help make their writing more precise, readable and elegant. This highly regarded paperback, specifically directed at legal writers, offers crisp, pointed advice written in a personal and humorous style lucid organization that helps students find the information they need most, including practice with basic skills and helpful advice on organization, sentence structure, word choice, punctuation, and formatting an emphasis on legal ethics throughout, with most of the examples and exercises focusing on ethical issues a chapter on organization that compares and contrasts undergraduate terms and goals with those expected by a legal audience a guide that helps students guard against plagiarism short, end-of-chapter exercises, with the answers at the back of the book, that strengthen skills and provide opportunities for self-testing Special features in the Fourth Edition include: an updated interactive CD-ROM with multiple exercises to reinforce the materials in the book, which includes updated and expanded tests of basic skills and click-on answers and explanations a new chapter testing common errors in professional writing, with explanations as well as succinct answers new checklists that reinforce essential advice of each chapter
A strange people have appeared out of nowhere. Their speech is impossible to understand for most human beings; their agenda, they say, is to colonize the "right place". The interpreter Mika accompanies one of their ambassadors to the little moon Kiruna. Here, celestial bodies play havoc with sound, and reality may not be what it appears. (A sequel to SING) "Expertly crafted and features psychologically complex characters."--Locus At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Providing practical advice to students on how to write for biology, this book shows how to write for a particular audience, self evaluate drafts, and paraphrase for improved comprehension.
During the Cold War the concept of international security was understood in military terms as the threat or use of force by states. The end of EastÐWest hostilities, however, brought ‘critical’ perspectives to the fore as scholars sought to explain the emergence of new challenges to international stability, such as environmental degradation, immigration and terrorism. The second edition of this popular and highly respected text offers a wide-ranging and comprehensive analysis of the growing field of critical security studies. All the chapters have been fully revised and updated to map the on-going evolution of debates about international security since 1989, including the more recent shift in emphasis from critiques of the realist practices of states to those of global liberal governance. Topics covered include the relationship between security and change, identity, the production of danger, fear and trauma, human insecurity and emancipation. The book explores the meaning and use of these concepts and their relevance to real-life situations ranging from the War on Terror to the Arab Spring, migration, suffering in war, failed states and state-building, and the changing landscape of the international system, with the emergence of a multipolar world and the escalation of global climate change. Written with verve and clarity and incorporating new seminar activities and questions for class discussion, this book will be an invaluable resource for students of international relations and security studies.
Give the gift of yoga to the special woman in your life. Yoga is a powerful tool that can influence women’s well-being at all stages of life. For a long time, women have devoted themselves to gym-training in order to acquire beautiful and well-formed bodies, but the hunt for the perfect body has rather widened the gap between body and soul. That is why yoga has had such a breakthrough in the western world in the last few years. Yoga for Women starts with a brief introduction, includes a presentation of the eight basic foundations of yoga. This is followed by breathing exercises that you can use when you practice yoga, and which help you to be calm and concentrated. The main part of the book contains fifty exercises that are primarily based on hatha yoga but are influenced by ashtangi yoga. The movements and positions give you strength, flexibility, and relaxation. They are divided into the various needs women have during their life, with the emphasis upon middle-aged woman. The exercises can be combined into a personal program as well. Perfect for the beginner or intermediate student, Yoga for Women empowers women of all ages to lead healthier and more balanced lives.
Chronic widespread pain (CWP), including fibromyalgia (FM), is a complex pain condition, where little is known about the molecular mechanisms contributing to its pathophysiology. To date, there are no established biomarkers for CWP/FM. This thesis has investigated potential molecular mechanisms and biomarkers in blood for chronic pain in women with CWP/FM. Furthermore, investigations are made to evaluate whether common pain characteristics such as pain intensity, sensitivity, and psychological distress in CWP/FM are correlated with specific proteins in blood. The pain profile of CWP/FM, which includes the plasma proteome and clinical characteristics, is analyzed using proteomics, advanced multivariate statistics, and bioinformatics. The results from paper I, III, and IV indicate that there are prominent systemic changes related to immunity, inflammation, and metabolic processes in women with CWP/FM compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, paper II and III show that in CWP/FM, pain intensity is related to protein profiles involved in immunity processes, psychological distress with metabolic and immunity processes, and pain sensitivity with inflammatory processes. In paper IV, the plasma proteome is investigated before and after a 15 weeks resistance exercise intervention in FM and healthy controls. Both at baseline and post exercise in FM and controls, prominent protein alterations are found that are involved in immunity, stress, mRNA stability, and muscle structure development. Exercise seems to influence clinical characteristics and circulating proteins in FM. Furthermore, specific plasma proteome profile is found related to grade of chronification, pain sensitivity, and improved muscle force of the quadriceps muscle. To summarize, the results from this thesis suggest that in CWP/FM there might be a dysregulation in the biological processes involved in the immune system and metabolic processes, which are tightly linked to several proteins in the complement system and blood coagulation cascade. These results shed light on potential ongoing mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of the complex pain condition CWP/FM. This type of biomarker research has a large potential in increasing knowledge about mechanisms involved in CWP/FM and can hereby open for better clinical understanding and management of this and other chronic pain states. The clinical value of collecting a blood sample and measuring stable pain mechanism markers in combination with evaluation of anamnesis and clinical examination would in the future help clinicians and patients receive a faster and more precise diagnosis and ultimately better treatment strategies. Långvarig smärta har blivit vanligare bland befolkningen och är idag ett stort hälsoproblem. Ca 1 av 10 drabbas av generaliserad smärta (engelska: chronic widespread pain, CWP) dvs smärta spridd över hela kroppen. Fibromyalgi (FM), som ingår i CWP drabbar ca 1-4% av befolkningen och är vanligare bland kvinnor än män. Det är vanligt att personer med CWP/FM utöver sin spridda smärta även upplever trötthet, sömnsvårigheter, depression, ångest, ökad smärtkänslighet och stelhet av muskler och leder. Symtomen har i sin tur stor påverkan på arbetsförmåga, hälsa och livskvalitet. Idag är dem bakomliggande orsakerna för CWP/FM ofullständigt kartlagda och det finns inga markörer som på ett objektivt sätt kan fastställa diagnos. Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka hur proteiner i blod skiljer sig åt mellan kvinnor med CWP/FM och friska kvinnliga kontroller. Vidare har syftet varit att undersöka om kliniska variabler, till exempel smärtintensitet, smärtkänslighet och psykologisk belastning (ångest/depression), har ett samband med proteinmönster i blod. Slutligen har effekten av ett 15 veckors träningsprogram och dess påverkan på proteiner i blod samt kliniska variabler hos kvinnor med FM och friska kontroller analyserats. I studie I, III, och IV studerades proteinmönstret i blod mellan CWP/FM och kontroller. Resultatet visade att flertalet proteiner kunde urskilja CWP/FM gruppen från kontrollerna. Dessa proteiner var involverade i flertalet förlopp i kroppen bland annat inflammation, metabolism och immunförsvar. I studie II och III undersöktes om det funna proteinmönstret i blod hade något samband med smärtintensitet, smärtkänslighet och psykologisk belastning hos denna specifika CWP/FM grupp. Resultatet visade att det fanns ett specifikt proteinmönster kopplat till respektive undersökt variabel. Smärtintensitet var relaterat till proteiner involverade i immunförsvar; smärtkänslighet var relaterat till proteiner inom inflammation; och psykologisk belastning var relaterat till proteiner inom metabolism och immunförsvar. I studie IV studerades proteinmönstret i blod före och efter 15 veckors styrketräning hos FM samt friska kontroller. Resultaten visade att det fanns förändringar i specifika proteiner involverade i flertalet förlopp i kroppen bland annat stress, processer för muskelstrukturutveckling samt immunförsvar. Vidare sågs även ett specifikt mönster av proteiner som kunde relateras till smärtans varaktighet (dvs hur länge man levt med smärta), smärtkänslighet samt förbättrad muskelstyrka i lårmuskeln. Styrketräning visade sig ha en positiv effekt på flera av de rapporterade symtomen hos FM gruppen och till viss del påverkades även proteinmönstret. Sammanfattningsvis har studierna i denna avhandling visat att i denna specifika CWP/FM grupp finns skillnader i proteinmönstret i blod jämfört med friska kontroller. Det funna proteinmönstret är främst involverat i olika förlopp inom blodkoagulation samt olika komponenter kopplade till immunförsvaret. Genom identifieringen av dessa specifika proteinmönster i blodet hos CWP/FM kan det bidra till ökad förståelse av bakomliggande sjukdomsmekanismer hos denna patientgrupp. Detta kan i framtiden bidra till underlättandet av diagnosticering, behandling, rehabilitering och slutligen skapa kliniska verktyg i form av smärtmarkörer vid utredning av olika långvariga smärttillstånd.
This work provides a comprehensive and multi-facetted account of the Reformation in eastern and central Europe, drawing on extensive archival research carried out by Continental and British scholars. Across a broad thematic, temporal and geographical range, the contributors examine the cultural impact of the Reformation in Eastern Europe, the encounters between different confessions, and the blend of religious and political pressures which shaped the path of Reformation in these lands. By making the fruits of their research accessible to a wider audience, the contributors hope to emphasise the important role of eastern and central Europe on the early modern European scene.
Public innovation is distinctive from private sector innovation by being set in a political system rather than a market. The roles of citizens and elected politicians as well as public servants and other stakeholders are frequently relevant. Public organizations can be creators, funders, orchestrators or sense-makers of innovations, which are carried out with the aim of benefitting society. This book provides a comprehensive insight into the theory and practice of public innovation using a wide range of research evidence about the processes, drivers and barriers, stakeholders and outcomes of innovation. Using the lens of public value, the book offers a stimulating discussion of how public innovation is valued and contested in current societies. Valuing Public Innovation aims to help develop a deeper understanding of innovation and how to use that knowledge in practical ways. This is essential reading for academics and students in the fields of innovation, organisation studies, public administration and public policy, as well as for policymakers and practitioners.
This concise paperback focuses on the nuances of legal writing style and provides novice legal writers with the skills they need to polish their writing. Guide to Legal Writing Style, Fourth Edition, intended as an ancillary to any basic legal writing text, expands what students learn in their first-year courses by providing additional techniques and style tips that will help make their writing more precise, readable and elegant. This highly regarded paperback, specifically directed at legal writers, offers crisp, pointed advice written in a personal and humorous style lucid organization that helps students find the information they need most, including practice with basic skills and helpful advice on organization, sentence structure, word choice, punctuation, and formatting an emphasis on legal ethics throughout, with most of the examples and exercises focusing on ethical issues a chapter on organization that compares and contrasts undergraduate terms and goals with those expected by a legal audience a guide that helps students guard against plagiarism short, end-of-chapter exercises, with the answers at the back of the book, that strengthen skills and provide opportunities for self-testing Special features in the Fourth Edition include: an updated interactive CD-ROM with multiple exercises to reinforce the materials in the book, which includes updated and expanded tests of basic skills and click-on answers and explanations a new chapter testing common errors in professional writing, with explanations as well as succinct answers new checklists that reinforce essential advice of each chapter
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