This book makes an important contribution to the literature on problem-oriented policing, aiming to distill the British experience of problem-oriented policing. Drawing upon over 500 entries to the Tilley Award since its inception in 1999, the book examines what can be achieved by problem-oriented policing, what conditions are required for its successful implementation and what has been learned about resolving crime and disorder issues. Examples of problem-oriented policing examined in this book include specific police and partnership initiatives targeting a wide spectrum of individual problems (such as road safety, graffiti and alcohol-related violence), as well as organisational efforts to embed problem-oriented work as a routine way of working (such as improving training and interagency problem solving along with more specific challenges like improving the way that identity parades are conducted. This book will be of particular interest to those working in the field of crime reduction and community safety in the police, local government and other agencies, as well as students taking courses in policing, criminal justice and criminology.
A Tale of Two Cities is a study of two major cities, Manchester and Sheffield. Drawing on the work of major theorists, the authors explore the everyday life, making contributions to our understanding of the defining activities of life.
This book offers a useful theoretical overview of key approaches to the subject of crime and community and considers the ways in which these have been applied in more practical settings. Written by an expert in the field and drawing on a range of international case studies from Europe, North America, Australia and Asia, this book explores both why and how crime and community have been linked and the implications of their relationship within criminology and crime prevention policy. Topics covered in the book include: the different crime prevention paradigms which have been utilized in the ‘fight against crime’ the turn to community in crime prevention policy, which took place during the 1980s in the UK and US, and its subsequent development the theoretical and ideological underpinnings to crime prevention work in and with different communities the significance and impact of fear of crime on crime prevention policy different institutional responses to working with community in crime prevention and community safety the ways in which the experiences of the UK and US have been translated into the European context a comparison between traditional western responses to the growing interest in restorative and community-based approaches in other regions. The new edition has been fully revised and updated to include discussion of the rise of populist politics and the centrality of ‘crime’ and ‘disorder’ as a divisive element used in populist political rhetoric; the politics of austerity and the management of crises – economic, environmental and COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns; the impact of Black Lives Matter, MeToo and Extinction Rebellion; the significance of social media and virtual community; the further erosion of civil liberties and the right to protest; and racialized US policing practices and police-related deaths. This book offers essential reading for students taking courses on crime and community, crime prevention and community safety and community corrections.
First published in 1999, this volume presents arguments which compare two inner-city wards of Salford and look to introduce such a subtlety to the understanding of the management of crime in high crime communities and derive from a longitudinal research study which took place over a two and a half year period. Between 1994 and 1996, researchers based at the University of Salford and the University of Keele embarked on research into two similarly structured neighbourhoods within the city of Salford in the North of England. This research set out to situate an understanding of the risk from and fear of crime in a comparative, urban context – to uncover how people who live, work and go to school in designated ‘high-crime’ areas manage their routine daily lives and construct their own responses to ‘risk of’ and ‘fear of’ crime. The authors go on to highlight the similarities between these wards and other wards with which they have a clear resonance across Britain.
A Tale of Two Cities is a study of two major cities, Manchester and Sheffield. Drawing on the work of major theorists, the authors explore the everyday life, making contributions to our understanding of the defining activities of life.
How do we reduce and prevent crime? This is a question with which governments, academics and criminal justice professionals have been grappling for decades. Crime Prevention explores the legislative developments, policy changes and practical strategies that have been put in place in recent years in an attempt to manage the level of crime in our society. The book also assesses how governments' approaches to serious crime, the war on terror, human rights and race and immigration policies have influenced ideas about community safety and crime prevention. It offers a handy glossary, along with suggestions for further reading, in order to enhance understanding of critical issues. Accessible and compelling, this book is essential reading for students of criminology, criminal justice and social policy. It is also an indispensable analytical tool for professionals working within the criminal justice arena.
Thirteen-year-old Mary Lovella Grady thrived on her grandparents’ tales of the Crossover Ranch, a modern ranch shaped by all its past inhabitants. Grampa Hank promised the ranch would be Lovie’s someday but her dream of inheriting the multigenerational Texas ranch is turning into a nightmare. First Granny died, then Grampa Hank was killed in a horseback accident and now the “death tax” is poised to take a fatal bite out of the ranch. Lovie is furious with her mother for selling Grampa Hank’s horses and cattle to pay inheritance taxes and her anger has attracted El Lobo who turns up in the middle of every ranch tragedy. Join Lovie, along with Big Foot, Brownie, Cotton, Dingo and Fireball, as they are drawn into the dream Granny never realized in life, where past inhabitants of the ranch are still determining its future—and Lovie’s survival.
Today’s headlines vividly illustrate the importance of understanding aspects of the criminal justice system too often ignored. While the second edition of Crime and Criminal Justice in American Society includes the most recent statistics on the police, courts, and corrections, its provocative, current examples also spur critical thinking about justice in the United States. The authors offer an alternative interpretation of criminal justice rarely presented in traditional textbooks or by the media. They encourage readers to examine their beliefs about crime, punishment, and the law. Discussions in the chapters about how African Americans, Hispanics, whites, women, juveniles, the rich, and the poor experience crime and the criminal justice system contribute context for understanding different viewpoints. The poor and minorities are the most likely to be caught in the net of criminal justice—but inequities have consequences for everyone. Reflection on various perspectives provides helpful input for assessing attitudes and for becoming actively involved with issues that have significant consequences. Eighteen thoroughly revised chapters present historical backgrounds, theories, and emerging issues. New to the second edition is a chapter on veterans involved in the criminal justice system. Affordable, succinct, and engaging, this textbook presents the key concepts of the criminal justice system at less than half the cost of many competing textbooks.
This book examines Mental Health Courts (MHC) within a socio-legal framework. Placing these courts within broader trends in criminal justice, especially problem-solving courts, the author draws from two case studies with a mixed-methods design. While court observational and interview data highlight the role of rituals and procedural justice in the practices of the court, quantitative data demonstrates the impact of incentives, mental health treatment compliance and graduating patterns from MHC in altering patterns of criminal recidivism. In utilising these methods, this book provides a new understanding of the social processes by which MHCs operate, while narrative stories from MHC participants illustrate both the potential and limitations of these courts. Concluding by charting potential improvements for the functioning and effectiveness of MHCs, the author suggests potential reforms and ‘best practices’ for the future in tandem with rigorous analysis. This book will be of value and interest to students and scholars of criminology, law, and social work, as well as practitioners.
Educators and policymakers need to add to their toolbox for implementing reform this outstanding new book by Kilgore and Reynolds. It is rare to find such a well-written volume that explains how to reorganize schools into more effective enterprises using clear examples grounded in rich scientific studies. For those faced with how to make things happen and work smarter, this excellent book delivers on both." —Barbara Schneider John A. Hannah Distinguished Professor, Michigan State University Transform your school′s culture from the inside out You′re stunned by the increase in student absenteeism this year and wonder what is causing it. There may be multiple factors, but few administrators have the luxury of investigating them all. From Silos to Systems provides specific application steps for engaging all staff in a systematic approach to dealing with the various causes of schoolwide problems. School leaders who have used this approach find numerous benefits: Teachers have a way for their voices to be heard. Principals spend less time trying to integrate all the concerns of various advisory groups. Strong cross-cutting ties that spur collaboration emerge among teachers. Educators realize more dramatic results from their efforts. The book also includes current research on developing a positive school climate, improving professional learning opportunities, utilizing data analysis to identify and resolve instructional and behavior issues, and the effective use of technology in schools.
A crucial text for whetting the academic appetite of those studying criminology at university. The comprehensive engagement with key crime and deviance debates and issues make this a perfect springboard for launching into the complex, diverse and exciting realm of researching criminology." - Dr Ruth Penfold-Mounce, University of York "Essential reading for those new to the discipline and an invaluable reference point for those well versed in criminology and the sociology of crime and deviance." - Dr Mark Monaghan, University of Leeds Key Concepts in Crime and Society offers an authoritative introduction to key issues in the area of crime as it connects to society. By providing critical insight into the key issues within each concept as well as highlighted cross-references to other key concepts, students will be helped to grasp a clear understanding of each of the topics covered and how they relate to broader areas of crime and criminality. The book is divided into three parts: Understanding Crime and Criminality: introduces topics such as the social construction of crime and deviance, social control, the fear of crime, poverty and exclusion, white collar crime, victims of crime, race/gender and crime. Types of Crime and Criminality: explores examples including human trafficking, sex work, drug crime, environmental crime, cyber crime, war crime, terrorism, and interpersonal violence. Responses to Crime: looks at areas such as crime and the media, policing, moral panics, deterrence, prisons and rehabilitation. The book provides an up-to-date, critical understanding on a wide range of crime related topics covering the major concepts students are likely to encounter within the fields of sociology, criminology and across the social sciences.
A person doesn't have to be a consensus organizer to think like one. Consensus Organizing: A Community Development Workbook—A Comprehensive Guide to Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Community Change Initiatives helps students and practitioners begin to think like consensus organizers and incorporate this way of strategic thinking into their lives and their work. Through a wide range of exercises, role-play activities, case scenarios, and discussion questions, this workbook presents the conceptual framework for consensus organizing and provides a practical and experiential approach to understanding and applying consensus organizing to address a range of issues. This workbook is designed to be used by itself or along with Mike Eichler's text Consensus Organizing: Building Communities of Mutual Self Interest (SAGE, 2007). Accompanying Website Instructors and students have access to the many activities and cases on the accompanying website at www.sagepub.com/ohmerworkbookstudy.
The Encyclopedia of Community is a major four volume reference work that seeks to define one of the most widely researched topics in the behavioural and social sciences. Community itself is a concept, an experience, and a central part of being human. This pioneering major reference work seeks to provide the necessary definitions of community far beyond the traditional views.
Live, Die, Buy, Eat. These words represent a chain of events which today is disconnected. In the past few years, controversies around meat have arisen around industrialization and globalization of meat production, often pivoting around health, environmental issues, and animal welfare. Although meat increasingly figures as a problem, most consumers’ knowledge of animal husbandry and meat production is more absent than ever. Tracing a historical process of alienation along three distinct axes, the authors show how the animal origin of meat is covered up, rationalized, forgotten, excused, neglected, and denied. How is meat produced today, and where? How do we consume meat, and how have our consumption habits changed? Why have these changes occurred, and what are the social and cultural consequences of these changes? Using Norway as a case study, this book examines the dramatic changes in meat production and consumption over the last 150 years. With a wide range of historical sources, together with interviews and observation at farms, slaughterhouses, and production units, as well as analyses of contemporary texts and digital sources, Live, Die, Buy, Eat explores the transformation of animal husbandry, meat production and consumption, together with its cultural consequences. It will appeal to scholars of anthropology, sociology, cultural studies, geography, and history with an interest in food, agriculture, environment, and culture.
This ethnography of a gang war in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Oakwood, just blocks from the famed Venice Beach boardwalk, provides a rare eyewitness account of the urban violence pervasive in the recent history of the United States. With seventeen people killed and more than fifty injured, the hostilities over ten months in 1993 and 1994 marked the peak of gang violence in the history of Los Angeles, a city once labeled the "gang capital of the nation." The conflict began as a quarrel among individuals, some of whom had gang affiliations. Over time, the feud engulfed families and soon grew into a sustained clash between African American and Latino gangs. Eventually, victims fell who were not members of opposing gangs, but who fit certain racial and gender profiles. The conflict began to take on the attributes of what one local newspaper sensationalized as a "race war." Karen Umemoto lived nearby during this conflict and undertook two years of ethnographic research during and immediately following the spate of killings. She now offers a nuanced analysis of the trajectory and eventual end of this acute crisis. Her interviews with gang members, neighborhood residents, business leaders, police officers, and gang-intervention workers reveal the complexity of contemporary American urban conflict. The Truce highlights the differences in interpretations among combatants, witnesses, and law enforcement agents and others whose actions often had unintended consequences. Drawing on her experience living in multicultural Los Angeles and on the latest scholarship in a wide variety of disciplines, Umemoto provides much-needed guidance for policymakers and concerned members of the public faced with violence in an ever-changing urban landscape.
As this book proves, trashology is one cool branch of science! Sometimes it's all about the trash, like the workshop about analysing waste produced by your school's cafeteria, or understanding the decomposition rates of garbage bags. Sometimes it's about comparing and contrasting, like the workshop about the cost effectiveness of one-use and rechargeable batteries. Whatever workshop is chosen, this book of experiments is peppered with inspiring sidebars from trashologists, tips on how to have an award-winning presentation in time for the science fair, and plenty of humour.
Take your understanding to a whole new level with Pageburst digital books on VitalSource! Easy-to-use, interactive features let you make highlights, share notes, run instant topic searches, and so much more. Best of all, with Pageburst, you get flexible online, offline, and mobile access to all your digital books. Written specifically for nurse anesthetists, Nurse Anesthesia, 5th Edition provides comprehensive coverage of both scientific principles and evidence-based practice. It offers a complete overview of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology, and offers practical coverage of equipment and anesthesia management. This edition includes updated information on pharmacokinetics, clinical monitoring, drug delivery systems, and complications, and revises chapters on airway management and anesthesia for cardiac surgery. Written by leading nurse anesthesia experts John Nagelhout and Karen Plaus, this perennial bestseller prepares anesthesia students and CRNAs for today's clinical anesthesia practice. Over 650 figures of anatomy, nurse anesthesia procedures, and equipment depict complex concepts and information. An easy-to-use organization covers basic principles first, and builds on those with individual chapters for each surgical specialty. UPDATED references make it quick and simple to find the latest and most important research in the field. Over 700 tables and boxes highlight the most essential information in a quick, easy-to-reference format. Expert CRNA authors provide the current clinical information you’ll use in daily practice. UPDATED pharmacology information includes pharmacokinetics, drug delivery systems, opiate antagonists, and key induction drugs. Over 100 NEW photos and illustrations enhance your understanding of difficult anesthesia concepts. UPDATED Airway Management and Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery chapters are thoroughly revised. NEW coverage includes robotics, screening applications, and non-operating room best practices.
In 1991, a workshop was held to examine the data related to declines in Canadian amphibian populations and associated causes and, in particular, to develop a protocol to address the issue. Participants were invited to present reports on the current status of knowledge on amphibians in Canada, particularly species that appear to be threatened. Summaries of this information are presented in this report, along with the factors that may be contributing to fluctuations in amphibian populations. Methodologies and tribulations involved in accurately assessing amphibian population size and recruitment are given. A framework for environmental monitoring was presented and the data needed, both intensive and extensive, was discussed.
Thirteen-year-old Mary Lovella Grady thrived on her grandparents’ tales of the Crossover Ranch, a modern ranch shaped by all its past inhabitants. Grampa Hank promised the ranch would be Lovie’s someday but her dream of inheriting the multigenerational Texas ranch is turning into a nightmare. First Granny died, then Grampa Hank was killed in a horseback accident and now the “death tax” is poised to take a fatal bite out of the ranch. Lovie is furious with her mother for selling Grampa Hank’s horses and cattle to pay inheritance taxes and her anger has attracted El Lobo who turns up in the middle of every ranch tragedy. Join Lovie, along with Big Foot, Brownie, Cotton, Dingo and Fireball, as they are drawn into the dream Granny never realized in life, where past inhabitants of the ranch are still determining its future—and Lovie’s survival.
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