For four decades, Petroleum Refining has guided thousands of readers toward a reliable understanding of the field, and through the years has become the standard text in many schools and universities around the world offering petroleum refining classes, for self-study, training, and as a reference for industry professionals. The sixth edition of this perennial bestseller continues in the tradition set by Jim Gary as the most modern and authoritative guide in the field. Updated and expanded to reflect new technologies, methods, and topics, the book includes new discussion on the business and economics of refining, cost estimation and complexity, crude origins and properties, fuel specifications, and updates on technology, process units, and catalysts. The first half of the book is written for a general audience to introduce the primary economic and market characteristics of the industry and to describe the inputs and outputs of refining. Most of this material is new to this edition and can be read independently or in parallel with the rest of the text. In the second half of the book, a technical review of the main process units of a refinery is provided, beginning with distillation and covering each of the primary conversion and treatment processes. Much of this material was reorganized, updated, and rewritten with greater emphasis on reaction chemistry and the role of catalysis in applications. Petroleum Refining: Technology, Economics, and Markets is a book written for users, the practitioners of refining, and all those who want to learn more about the field.
Petroleum refiners must face billion-dollar investments in equipment in order to meet ever-changing environmental requirements. Because the design and construction of new processing units entail several years’ lead time, refiners are reluctant to commit these dollars for equipment that may no longer meet certain conditions when the units come on stream. Written by experts with both academic and professional experience in refinery operation, design, and evaluation, Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics, Fifth Edition is an essential textbook for students and a vital resource for engineers. This latest edition of a bestselling text provides updated data and addresses changes in refinery feedstock, product distribution, and processing requirements resulting from federal and state legislation. Providing a detailed overview of today’s integrated fuels refinery, the book discusses each major refining process as they relate to topics such as feedstock preparation, operating costs, catalysts, yields, finished product properties, and economics. It also contains end-of-chapter problems and an ongoing case study.
Jackups, semisubmersibles and drillships are the marine vessels used to drill offshore wells and are referred to collectively as mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs). MODUs are supplied through newbuild construction and operate throughout the world in highly competitive regional markets. The Offshore Drilling Industry and Rig Construction Market in the Gulf of Mexico examines the global MODU service and construction industry and describes the economic impacts of rig construction in the United States. The industrial organization and major players in the contract drilling and construction markets are described and categorized. Dayrates in the contract drilling market are evaluated and hypotheses regarding dayrate factors are tested. Models of contractor decision-making are developed, including a net-present value model of newbuilding investment and stacking decisions, and market capitalization models are derived. Jackup construction shipyards and processes are reviewed along with estimates of labor, equipment, and material cost in U.S. construction. Derivation of newbuild and replacement cost functions completes the treatise. The comprehensive and authoritative coverage of The Offshore Drilling Industry and Rig Construction Market in the Gulf of Mexico makes it an ideal reference for engineers, industry professionals, policy analysts, government regulators, academics and other readers wanting to learn more about this important and fascinating industry.
The US Gulf of Mexico is one of the largest and most prolific offshore hydrocarbon basins in the world with thousands of structures installed in the region and tens of thousands of wells drilled. Over the past decade, a significant number of structures in shallow water have been decommissioned, as operators can no longer "kick the decommissioning can" down the road. This has opened up new markets and additional regulatory oversight with far-reaching implications. This book describes future decommissioning trends and issues and provides guidance for operator budgeting, regulatory oversight, and service sector companies interested in participating in the field. Decommissioning Forecasting and Operating Cost Estimation is the first of its kind textbook to develop models to forecast platform decommissioning in the Gulf of Mexico and to better understand the dynamics of offshore production cost. The book bridges the gap between modeling and technical knowledge to provide insight into the sector. Topics are presented in five parts covering fundamentals, structure inventories and well trends, decommissioning modeling, critical infrastructure issues, and operating cost estimation. Factor models and activity-based cost models in operating cost estimation conclude the discussion. Decommissioning Forecasting and Operating Cost Estimation helps oil and gas professionals navigate through this complex and challenging field providing an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and professionals. The book will also serve government regulators, energy and environmental engineers, offshore managers, financial analyst, and others interested in this fascinating and dynamic industry. - In-depth economic, statistical, and systems analysis on Gulf of Mexico decommissioning activity - Balanced coverage of fundamental knowledge and advanced methods - Delivers data and results to understand infrastructure and activity trends - Numerous examples, worked-out problems, and real-world applications - Engineering, science, and market perspectives
Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook: A Manual of Quick, Accurate Solutions to Everyday Pipeline Engineering Problems, Ninth Edition, the latest release in the series, serves as the "go-to" source for all pipeline engineering answers. Updated with new data, graphs and chapters devoted to economics and the environment, this new edition delivers on new topics, including emissions, decommissioning, cost curves, and more while still maintaining the quick answer standard display of content and data that engineers have utilized throughout their careers. Glossaries are added per chapter for better learning tactics, along with additional storage tank and LNG fundamentals. This book continues to be the high-quality, classic reference to help pipeline engineers solve their day-to-day problems. - Contains new chapters that highlight costs, safety and environmental topics, including discussions on emissions - Helps readers learn terminology, with updated glossaries in every chapter - Includes renovated graphs and data tables throughout
The Offshore Pipeline Construction Industry: Activity Modeling and Cost Estimation in the United States Gulf of Mexico presents the latest technical concepts and economic calculations, helping engineers make better business decisions. The book covers flow assurance, development strategies on pipeline requirements and the construction service side with a global perspective. In addition, it focuses on one of the most underdeveloped, promising assets – the Gulf of Mexico. Pipeline construction and decommissioning estimation methods are examined with reliable data presented. A final section covers trends for oil, gas, bulk oil, bulk gas, service and umbilical pipelines for installation and decommissioning using correlation models. This book delivers a much-needed tool for the pipeline engineer to better understand the economical choices and alternatives to designing, constructing, and operating today's offshore pipelines. - Built with construction and decommissioning decision tools supported by reliable data and case studies - Organized by parts, including a section devoted to Gulf of Mexico statistics and estimation methods - Helps readers gain practical knowledge on strategies and cost models from a global pipeline perspective, including environmental and mitigation considerations
Foundations of science are specific conditions of the cosmos, of human intelligence, of cultural beliefs, and of technological structures that make the pursuit of modern science possible. Each of the four foundations of scientific endeavour can be studied as a topic on its own. The concurrent study of all four together reveals several tensions and interconnections among them that point the way to a greater unification of faith and science. This book explores four foundations of scientific endeavour and investigates some of the paradoxes each of them raises. Kaiser shows that the resolution of these paradoxes inevitably leads us into theological discourse and raises new challenges for theological endeavour. In order to address these challenges, Kaiser draws on the wider resources of the Judeo-Christian tradition and argues for a refocusing of contemporary theology from the perspective of natural science.
Offshore wind energy is one of the most promising and fastest growing alternative energy sources in the world. Offshore Wind Energy Cost Modeling provides a methodological framework to assess installation and decommissioning costs, and using examples from the European experience, provides a broad review of existing processes and systems used in the offshore wind industry. Offshore Wind Energy Cost Modeling provides a step-by-step guide to modeling costs over four sections. These sections cover: ·Background and introductory material, ·Installation processes and vessel requirements, ·Installation cost estimation, and ·Decommissioning methods and cost estimation. This self-contained and detailed treatment of the key principles in offshore wind development is supported throughout by visual aids and data tables. Offshore Wind Energy Cost Modeling is a key resource for anyone interested in the offshore wind industry, particularly those interested in the technical and economic aspects of installation and decommissioning. The book provides a reliable point of reference for industry practitioners and policy makers developing generalizable installation or decommissioning cost estimates.
This much-awaited final volume of The Birds of British Columbia completes what some have called one of the most important regional ornithological works in North America. It is the culmination of more than 25 years of effort by the authors who, with the assistance of thousands of dedicated volunteers throughout the province, have created the basic reference work on the avifauna of British Columbia. Volume 4 covers the last half of the passerines and describes 102 species, including the warblers, sparrows, grosbeaks, blackbirds, and finches. The text builds upon the authoritative format of the previous volumes and is supported by hundreds of full-colour illustrations, including detailed distribution maps, unique habitat shots, and beautiful photographs of the birds, their nests, eggs, and young. In addition, a species update lists and describes 27 species of birds new to the province since the first three volumes were published. The book concludes with Synopsis: The Birds of British Columbia into the 21st Century, which synthesizes data and information from all four volumes and looks at the conservation challenges facing birds in the new millennium. The four volumes in The Birds of British Columbia provide unprecedented coverage of the region's birds, presenting a wealth of information on the ornithological history, regional environment, habitat, breeding habits, migratory movements, seasonality and distribution patterns of 472 species of birds. It is the complete reference work for birdwatchers, ornithologists and naturalists.
In chapters culled from the popular and critically acclaimed Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook, Transmission Lines, Matching, and Crosstalk provides a tightly focused, convenient, and affordable reference for those interested primarily in this subset of topics. Author Kenneth L. Kaiser demystifies transmission lines, matching, and crosstalk and explains the source and limitations of the approximations, guidelines, models, and rules-of-thumb used in this field. The material is presented in a unique question-and-answer format that gets straight to the heart of each topic. The book includes numerous examples and uses Mathcad to generate all of the figures and many solutions to equations. In many cases, the entire Mathcad program is provided.
In chapters culled from popular and critically acclaimed Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook, Electromagnetic Shielding provides a tightly focused, convenient, and affordable reference for those interested primarily in this subset of topics. Author Kenneth L. Kaiser demystifies shielding and explains the source and limitations of the approximations, guidelines, models, and rules-of-thumb used in this field. The material is presented in a unique question-and-answer format that gets straight to the heart of each topic. The book includes numerous examples and uses Mathcad to generate all of the figures and many solutions to equations. In many cases, the entire Mathcad program is provided.
The purpose of this book is to examine the geospatial and temporal linkage between offshore supply vessels and oil and gas activity in the Outer Continental Shelf Gulf of Mexico, and to model OSV activity expected to result from future lease sales. Oil and gas operations occur throughout the world wherever commercial accumulations exist, but no quantitative assessment has ever been performed on the marine vessels that support offshore activity. The OCS Gulf of Mexico is the largest and most prolific offshore oil and gas basin in the world, and a large number of marine vessels are engaged in operations in the region, but tracking their activity is difficult and requires specialized data sources and the development of empirical models. The challenge of modeling arises from the complexity and size of the system, and the particular limitations governing stochastic difficult-to-observe networks. This book bridges the gap with the latest technological perspective and provides insight and computational methods to inform and better understand the offshore sector. Offshore Service Industry and Logistics Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico is presented in three parts. In Part 1, background information on the life cycle stages of offshore development and activity is reviewed, along with a description of the service vessels and port infrastructure in the region. In Part 2, OSV activity in the Gulf of Mexico is baselined using PortVision data to establish spatial and temporal characteristics of vessel activity. In Part 3, the analytic framework used to quantify the connection between OSVs, ports, and offshore activity is described, and activity expected to arise from the 2012-2017 OCS lease program is forecast. Providing an invaluable resource for academics and researchers, this book is also intended for government regulators, energy and environmental analysts, industry professionals, and others interested in this often-overlooked sector.
As the number of electrical devices in use continues to grow, so do the challenges of ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of products and systems. Fortunately, engineers have at their disposal an array of approximations, models, and rules-of-thumb to help them meet those challenges. Unfortunately, the number of these tools and guidelines is overwhelming, and worse still is the thought of investigating their origins and confirming their results. The Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook is an unprecedented compilation of the many approximations, guidelines, models, and rules-of-thumb used in EMC analyses, complete with their sources and their limitations. The book presents these in an efficient question-and-answer format and incorporates an extremely comprehensive set of tables and figures. The author has either derived from basic principles or obtained and verified from their original sources all of the expressions in the tables. Mathcad was used to generate most of the plots and solve many of the equations, and the author includes the Mathcad programs for many of these so users can clearly see the variable assignments, assumptions, and equations. Designed to be of long-lasting value to engineers, researchers, and students, the Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook is ideal both for quick reference and as a textbook for upper-level and graduate electrical engineering courses.
For four decades, Petroleum Refining has guided thousands of readers toward a reliable understanding of the field, and through the years has become the standard text in many schools and universities around the world offering petroleum refining classes, for self-study, training, and as a reference for industry professionals. The sixth edition of this perennial bestseller continues in the tradition set by Jim Gary as the most modern and authoritative guide in the field. Updated and expanded to reflect new technologies, methods, and topics, the book includes new discussion on the business and economics of refining, cost estimation and complexity, crude origins and properties, fuel specifications, and updates on technology, process units, and catalysts. The first half of the book is written for a general audience to introduce the primary economic and market characteristics of the industry and to describe the inputs and outputs of refining. Most of this material is new to this edition and can be read independently or in parallel with the rest of the text. In the second half of the book, a technical review of the main process units of a refinery is provided, beginning with distillation and covering each of the primary conversion and treatment processes. Much of this material was reorganized, updated, and rewritten with greater emphasis on reaction chemistry and the role of catalysis in applications. Petroleum Refining: Technology, Economics, and Markets is a book written for users, the practitioners of refining, and all those who want to learn more about the field.
Molecular Cell Biology presents the key concepts in cell biology and their experimental underpinnings. The authors, all world-class researchers and teachers, incorporate medically relevant examples where appropriate to help illustrate the connections between cell biology and health and human disease. As always, a hallmark of Molecular Cell Biology is the use of experiments to engage students in the history of cell biology and the research that has contributed to the field. New Co-Author, Angelika Amon: The new edition of Molecular Cell Biology introduces a new member to our author team, respected researcher and teacher Angelika Amon of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Amon is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as well as a member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the National Academy of Sciences. Her laboratory studies the molecular mechanisms that govern chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis and the consequences when these mechanisms fail during normal cell proliferation and cancer development. Increased Clarity, Improved Pedagogy: In the new edition, the authors have scrutinized every chapter with an eye toward bringing out key concepts and making connections easier to follow. Perennially challenging topics, such as cellular energetics, cell signaling and immunology, have been revised to improve student understanding. Coverage of developmental biology has been streamlined to focus on just those key areas central to cell biology courses. Every figure in the book was reconsidered and, if possible, simplified to highlight key lessons. Revised end-of-chapter materials include new questions, including additional Analyze the Data problems to give students added practice at interpreting experimental evidence. The result is a book that balances currency and experimental focus with attention to clarity, organization, and pedagogy. Highlights of the New Edition: - Chapter 1 Molecules, Cells, and Evolution now frames cell biology in the light of evolution: because we all come from the same ancestor cell, the molecules and processes of cell biology are similar in all forms of life. We can use model organisms to study aspects of cell structure and function that have been conserved across millions of years of evolution. - Chapter 9 Culturing, Visualizing, and Perturbing Cells has been rewritten to include cutting edge methods including FRAP, FRET, siRNA, and chemical biology, making it a state-of-the art methods chapter. - Cell signaling chapters (Chapters 15 & 16) have been reorganized and illustrated with simplified overview figures, to help students navigate the complexity of signaling pathways. - Fully Reconceived, Thoroughly Updated Chapter 19 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle now begins with the concept of "START" (a cell's commitment to entering the cell cycle starting with DNA synthesis) and then progresses through the cycle stages. The chapter focuses on yeast and mammals and uses general names for cell cycle components as much as possible. New Discoveries, Methodologies and Medical Examples: New discoveries, new methodologies and new medical examples are included throughout.
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