Unique and wildly creative, this mathematical and geometricapproach to origami contains 40 models of cubes, towers, andgeometric shapes as well as puzzles and models of everyday items— all folded from rectangular paper. This is the first publicationoutside Japan of these original figures, offering intermediate leveland serious origamists an intriguingblend of art and science.Dover (2012) English translation andnew selection of models from GenuineOrigami Ã2, Japan Publications TradingCo. Ltd., Japan, 2009.
This unique book by an origami master uses geometric and mathematical principles as well as rectangular paper to create a wide range of insects, plants, trees, animals, and fantastic creatures. Original models include hummingbirds, dragonflies, peacocks, rabbits, toads, fish, maple leaves, the golden beetle, a praying mantis, a tortoise, and more.
This unique book by an origami master uses geometric and mathematical principles as well as rectangular paper to create a wide range of insects, plants, trees, animals, and fantastic creatures. Original models include hummingbirds, dragonflies, peacocks, rabbits, toads, fish, maple leaves, the golden beetle, a praying mantis, a tortoise, and more.
A magnificent new collection of 60 sculptural paper models from a mathematical origami master! Master origami folder and author Jun Maekawa is known for developing innovative new methods of folding origami based on fundamental mathematical principles. In The Art & Science of Geometric Origami, he shows you how to fold over 60 different geometric shapes through clear, easy-to-follow instructions and photos. The unique origami designs in this book include: New takes on traditional geometric models including the Tetrahedron and Octahedron Unusual forms like the Tetrapod Wave Breaker, Hyperbolic Illusion Cube--and a Torii Gate Quirky pieces like the Double Spiral Tessellation, Branching Tree and Fractal Wave Biological models such as a Lizard, Tethered Cranes and a realistic Human Figure Folding instructions for each model are prefaced with an extensive introduction to the geometric principles underlying the piece. The models include nontraditional designs folded from unusual papers, including dozens of clever boxes and modular models which are assembled like 3D puzzles!
Novel magnetotransport phenomena appear when magnet sizes become nanoscale. Typical examples of such phenomena are giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic multilayers, tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in ferromagnetic tunnel junctions, and ballistic magnetoresistance (BMR) in magnetic nanocontacts. In this chapter, we first briefly review the relationship between spin-dependent resistivity and electronic structures in metals and alloys, and describe microscopic methods for investigating electrical transport. We then review the essential aspects of GMR, TMR, and BMR, emphasizing the role of the electronic structures of the constituent metals of these junctions and the effects of roughness on the electrical resistivity (or resistance). The important factors that control GMR are shown to be the spin-dependent random potential at interfaces and band matching/mismatching between magnetic and nonmagnetic layers. For TMR, several factors are shown to be important in determining the MR ratio, including the shape of the Fermi surface of the electrodes, the symmetry of the wave functions, electron scattering at interfaces, and spin-slip tunneling. An interpretation of TMR in Fe/MgO/Fe and of an oscillation of TMR is presented. TMR in granular films and in the Coulomb-blockade regime is also described. We also provide a brief explanation for other MR effects, such as normal MR, anisotropic MR (AMR) and colossal MR (CMR) in order to clarify the essential difference between these MRs and GMR, TMR, and BMR. These MR effects are attributed to the spin-dependent electrical currents produced in metallic ferromagnets. After the discovery of these different MR effects, the role of spin current was proposed, for example, spin Hall effect and the effects of spin transfer torque, which will be briefly explained in this chapter. The former orginates from the spin–orbit interaction, and can be observed even in nonmagnetic metals and semiconductors. It is closely related to the anomalous Hall effect observed in ferromagnetic metals. The spin transfer torque is an inverse effect of the MR. The MR is the resistivity change produced by magnetization rotation in ferromagnetic junctions, while the spin transfer torque is an effect in which spin-polarized current makes the magnetization rotate. Finally, we briefly introduce the coupled effects of spin, charge, and heat transport, which are called spin caloritronics.
The origami introduced in this book is based on simple techniques. Some were previously known by origami artists and some were discovered by the author. Curved-Folding Origami Design shows a way to explore new area of origami composed of curved folds. Each technique is introduced in a step-by-step fashion, followed by some beautiful artwork examples. A commentary explaining the theory behind the technique is placed at the end of each chapter. Features Explains the techniques for designing curved-folding origami in seven chapters Contains many illustrations and photos (over 140 figures), with simple instructions Contains photos of 24 beautiful origami artworks, as well as their crease patterns Some basic theories behind the techniques are introduced
Easily Create Origami with Curved Folds and Surfaces Origami—making shapes only through folding—reveals a fascinating area of geometry woven with a variety of representations. The world of origami has progressed dramatically since the advent of computer programs to perform the necessary computations for origami design. 3D Origami Art presents the design methods underlying 3D creations derived from computation. It includes numerous photos and design drawings called crease patterns, which are available for download on the author’s website. Through the book’s clear figures and descriptions, readers can easily create geometric 3D structures out of a set of lines and curves drawn on a 2D plane. The author uses various shapes of sheets such as rectangles and regular polygons, instead of square paper, to create the origami. Many of the origami creations have a 3D structure composed of curved surfaces, and some of them have complicated forms. However, the background theory underlying all the creations is very simple. The author shows how different origami forms are designed from a common theory.
Religious Discourse in Modern Japan explores the introduction of the Western concept of “religion” to Japan in the modern era, and the emergence of discourse on Shinto, philosophy, and Buddhism. Taking Anesaki’s founding of religious studies (shukyogaku) at Tokyo Imperial University as a pivot, Isomae examines the evolution of this academic discipline in the changing context of social conditions from the Meiji era through the present. Special attention is given to the development of Shinto studies/history of Shinto, and the problems of State Shinto and the emperor system are described in relation to the nature of the concept of religion. Isomae also explains how the discourse of religious studies developed in connection with secular discourses on literature and history, including Marxism.
A useful reference for those using or interested in cultured invertebrate cells, this two-volume text provides information about techniques and advances in invertebrate tissue culture. Cell lines for Insecta, Crustacea, Mollusca, and Nematoda are introduces along with their characterizations. Developments in insect biotechnology, including foreign protein production by insect cells infected with recombinant virus are described. Fundamental studies for introducing foreign genes into cultured insect cells is also presented. Wide information on studies -at cellular levels-on pathogens of insects, plants, and vertebrates is given.
Provincializing Empire offers a stimulating and persuasive account of the longue durée of Japanese capitalist development, connecting Japanese historiography to important conversations on the history of racial capitalism and geographies of space, place, and scale."—David Ambaras, author of Japan's Imperial Underworlds: Intimate Encounters at the Borders of Empire "Wide-ranging yet richly documented, Provincializing Empire offers a powerful new transregional history of Japanese capitalism, challenging claims about the developmental state. It tells the fascinating story of a merchant diaspora whose growth was entwined with Japanese imperialism, and of the invented traditions that sustained provincial identity amid global commercial expansion."—Jordan Sand, author of Tokyo Vernacular: Common Spaces, Local Histories, Found Objects "A tour de force! Jun Uchida's lucid narrative illuminates the multidirectional movements of settler-migrant merchants from peripheral Japan that cut across the prescribed borders of empires and nation-states. Empirically rich and theoretically sophisticated, Provincializing Empire calls into question many assumptions about Japanese imperialism and offers a less spatially bounded story of grassroots expansionism."—Eiichiro Azuma, author of In Search of Our Frontier: Japanese America and Settler Colonialism in the Construction of Japan's Borderless Empire
Design Techniques for Origami Tessellations is both a collection of origami tessellations and a manual to design them. This book begins by explaining general design methods, the history and definitions of origami tessellations, and the geometric features of flat origami, before moving on to introduce a brand-new design method: the "twist-based design method." This method generates base parts that connect "twist patterns” (that can be folded with a twist) without using a lattice. Therefore, it can generate base parts such as regular pentagons, which cannot be generated with more conventional methods, and can generate new origami tessellations connected to them. Features: No proofs or formulas in the text and minimal jargon. Suitable for readers with a roughly middle school to high school level of mathematical background. Web application implementing the method described in this book is available, allowing the readers to design their own patterns.
Current Development and Applications I : the Third International Conference on Abrasive Technology : (ABTEC'99), Brisbane, Australia, 22-24 November 1999
Current Development and Applications I : the Third International Conference on Abrasive Technology : (ABTEC'99), Brisbane, Australia, 22-24 November 1999
Abrasive technology is becoming increasingly important in precision manufacturing. This volume contains more than 70 refereed technical papers contributed by worldwide academic researchers and industrial practitioners, on the latest development in abrasive technology. Specifically, it covers the mechanics and mechanisms of abrasive processes as well as the technologies and applications related to abrasive jet machining, nano-machining, grinding, polishing, horning and lapping. It also includes topics on high- speed machining, eco-machining and laser micro-machining technologies. The discussion is on the practical applications of abrasive technology and the associated theories make this book very useful for academic researchers and industrial practitioners.
Integrative medicine emphasizes the combination of both conventional and alternative approaches to address many aspects of health and illness. It is a state-of-the-art modern medical care drawn from the very best medicine strategies. This book presents the readers with a brief but thorough understanding of various common clinical disorders and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories. It demonstrates the readers how diseases are diagnosed and treated by conventional medicine and Chinese medicine; it guides the readers through the process of evaluating symptoms and accurately prescribing herbs or herbal formula; it offers the readers lots of modifications of herbal formulas that will further enhance the clinical results. In addition, it offers readers a variety of strategies, treatment principles, detailed prescriptions for coping with common clinical diseases, and it offers doctors very workable and practical tools to easily apply TCM to their daily medical practice.
Big Business and Diplomacy An analysis of Japan's policies towards African countries which illustrates the breadth and depth of Japan's official and 'semi-official' relationship with Africa.
An extensive update of the classic reference on organic reactions in water Published almost a decade ago, the first edition has served as the guide for research in this burgeoning field. Due to the cost, safety, efficiency, and environmental friendliness of water as a solvent, there are many new applications in industry and academic laboratories. More than forty percent of this extensively updated second edition covers new reactions. For ease of reference, it is organized by functional groups. A core reference, Comprehensive Organic Reactions in Aqueous Media, Second Edition: * Provides the most comprehensive coverage of aqueous organicreactions available * Covers the basic principles and theory and progresses to applications * Includes alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, electrophilic substitutions, carbonyls, alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyls, carbon-nitrogen bonds, organic halides, pericyclic reactions, photochemical reactions, click chemistry, and multi-step syntheses? * Provides examples of applications in industry This is the premier reference for chemists and chemical engineers in industry or research, as well as for students in advanced-level courses.
Building on the author's personal experience in working with fellows and residents in the electromyography laboratory, this volume is the definitive reference in the field. It is intended for clinicians who perform electrodiagnostic procedures as an extension of their clinical examination, and will be of value to neurologists and physiatrists who are interested in neuromuscular disorders and noninvasive electrodiagnostic methods, particularly those practicing electromyography (EMG). The book provides a comprehensive review of most peripheral nerve and muscle diseases, including specific techniques and locations for performing each test. Divided into two major sections, the first addresses the basics of electrodiagnosis, including information on anatomy and physiology, techniques for nerve conduction studies, and discussions of the blink reflex and H-reflex, etc. The second section presents each neuromuscular disorder, covering clinical aspects and extensive information on the distinctive electrophysiological findings typical of the disease. New for this edition: thorough updating of all chapters with extensive new references; entirely new sections on magnetic stimulation, human reflexes, late responses, quantitative EMG, motor unit number estimate, threshold electrotonus, and pediatric electrodiagnosis; consolidated yet comprehensive coverage of periperhal, as well as CNS studies, offering a practical approach for problem-solving; ample space allotted for clinical discussion.
The field of signal transduction research is one of the fastest growing in all of biomedical research in recent years. Signaling through cell adhesion molecules have long been of interest because of their importance in embryonic development, homeostasis, immune responses, wound healing , and malignant transformation. However, it is only recently re
This book focuses on X-ray spectroscopy for chemical state analysis covering X-ray physics, spectroscopic characteristics used for functional and toxic materials, and the author's ideas related to X-ray experiments. This book also provides novel theoretical interpretations of X-ray spectra along with experimental techniques needed for both synchrotron radiation users and laboratory experimentalists. Presenting not only practical information, this book also covers basic knowledge of commercially available spectrometers and the basic physics of optics and electromagnetism related to X-rays. Furthermore, the author introduces the forgotten history of X-ray physics in the beginning of twentieth century. This book is of use for researchers studying catalysts, charge-transfer materials, surface characterization, and toxic trace elements via X-ray spectroscopy for chemical state analysis as well as quantitative analysis.
I started insect cell culture work in 1962, when T. D. C. Grace reported the first establishment of invertebrate continuous cell lines. He obtained grow ing cells from pupal ovaries of the emperor gum moth, Antheraea euca lypti. At that time, I was trying to obtain growing cells from leafhoppers. Grace's method could not be applied directly to my culture because of the differences in species, the size of the insects, and the tissue to be cul tured. The vertebrate tissue culture methods gave me some ideas for pre paring cultures from leafhoppers, but those could not be used directly either. There were no textbooks and no manuals for invertebrate tissue culture, so I had to develop a method by myself. First, I considered what type and what size of vessels are suitable for insect tissue culture. Also, I had to look for suitable materials to construct the culture vessels. Sec ond, I had to examine various culture media, especially growth-promot ing substances, such as sera. Then I had to improve culture media by trial and error. The procedure to set up a primary culture was also a problem. How could I sterilize materials? How could I remove tissues from a tiny insect? How many tissues should I pool in order to set up one culture? I had to find out the answers. Naturally, it took a lot of time.
Have you ever wished you could speed up your organic syntheses without losing control of the reaction? Flash Chemistry is a new concept which offers an integrated scheme for fast, controlled organic synthesis. It brings together the generation of highly reactive species and their reactions in Microsystems to enable highly controlled organic syntheses on a preparative scale in timescales of a few seconds or less. Flash Chemistry: Fast Organic Synthesis in microsystems is the first book to describe this exciting new technique, with chapters covering: an introduction to flash chemistry reaction dynamics: how fast is the act of chemical transformation, what is the rate of reaction, and what determines the selectivity of a reaction? examples of why flash chemistry is needed: the rapid construction of chemical libraries, rapid synthesis of radioactive PET probes, and on-demand rapid synthesis in industry the generation of highly reactive species through thermal, microwave, chemical, photochemical, and electrochemical activation microsystems: What are microsystems and how are they made? Why is size so important? What are the characteristic features of microsystems? conduction and control of extremely fast reactions using microsystems applications of flash chemistry in organic synthesis polymer synthesis based on flash chemistry industrial applications of flash chemistry Flash Chemistry: Fast Organic Synthesis in Microsystems is an essential introduction to anyone working in organic synthesis, process chemistry, chemical engineering and physical organic chemistry concerned with fundamental aspects of chemical reactions an d synthesis and the production of organic compounds.
A magnificent new collection of 60 sculptural paper models from a mathematical origami master! Master origami folder and author Jun Maekawa is known for developing innovative new methods of folding origami based on fundamental mathematical principles. In The Art & Science of Geometric Origami, he shows you how to fold over 60 different geometric shapes through clear, easy-to-follow instructions and photos. The unique origami designs in this book include: New takes on traditional geometric models including the Tetrahedron and Octahedron Unusual forms like the Tetrapod Wave Breaker, Hyperbolic Illusion Cube--and a Torii Gate Quirky pieces like the Double Spiral Tessellation, Branching Tree and Fractal Wave Biological models such as a Lizard, Tethered Cranes and a realistic Human Figure Folding instructions for each model are prefaced with an extensive introduction to the geometric principles underlying the piece. The models include nontraditional designs folded from unusual papers, including dozens of clever boxes and modular models which are assembled like 3D puzzles!
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