In this, the first full-length study in English of China's best-known travel writer, new light is shed on the importance of the diaries of Xu Xiake (1587-1687) a compulsive traveller who spent a lifetime visiting and writing about China's 'beauty spots'. The general view of his work, that he brought a sober, analytical approach to a genre previously the domain of the dillentante and that his writing was 'utilitarian' and lacking in literary merit is cast aside, revealing Xu to be a figure of his age, his concerns perfectly in tune with the exuberant tastes of other late Ming literati. Essential background is provided with a survey of the history of Chinese travel writing in general with particular emphasis given to the late-Ming period and a resume of Xu Xiake's life. The core of the work examines the wealth of new information to be found in a longer version of Xu's account of his great journey to southwest China, rediscovered in the 1970s. Detailed study of Xu's use of language serves to underline the breadth of achievement of a man who utilised traditional and contemporary Chinese poetic language in order to express an emotional response to the landscape through which he passed. This is reinforced by a complete annotated translation of a deeply personal essay, written towards the end of Xu's life. The book covers a broad spectrum of voguish sinological subjects relating to late Ming China ranging from the huge growth in all forms of geographical writing to the anthropological analysis of the non-Han peoples of southwest China. This book will interest both seasoned sinologists and anyone who has spent time travelling in China or is interested in the art of travel writing.
This introductory text explains the fundamentals of the chemistry of the natural environment and the effects of mankind's activities on the earth's chemical systems. Retains an emphasis on describing how natural geochemical processes operate over a variety of scales in time and space, and how the effects of human perturbation can be measured. Topics range from familiar global issues such as atmospheric pollution and its effect on global warming and ozone destruction, to microbiological processes that cause pollution of drinking water deltas. Contains sections and information boxes that explain the basic chemistry underpinning the subject covered. Each chapter contains a list of further reading on the subject area. Updated case studies. No prior chemistry knowledge required. Suitable for introductory level courses.
Sheds new light on the importance of the diaries of Xu Xiake (1587-1641), a compulsive traveller who spent a lifetime visiting and writing about China's 'beauty spots'.
The Arctic islands are characterised by beautiful mountains and glaciers, in which the wildlife lives in delicate balance with its environment. It is a region with a long history of exploration and exploitation by humans, now experiencing rapid environmental change. All of these themes are explored in Islands of the Arctic, richly illustrated with superb photographs from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Greenland, Svalbard and the Russian Arctic. It begins with the various processes shaping the landscape: glaciers, rivers and coastal processes, the role of ice in the oceans and the weather and climate. The flora and fauna are described, and the human impact on this fragile region; from the sustainable approach of the Inuit, to the devastating damage inflicted by hunters and in the cause of military security. Finally, the future prospects of the region are considered. This book will be enjoyed by anyone with an interest in remote landscapes.
The book is the first to focus on the physical oceanography of the North Indian Ocean (NIO), a special region of the global ocean that exhibits a distinct seasonality due to the impact of the South Asian Monsoon (SAM). It is written as a textbook about the NIO for graduate students, lecturers, and researchers in physical oceanography. It will also be useful for courses on the interior, coastal, and equatorial dynamics in any other ocean. It helps readers, particularly new entrants to the field, to gain a comprehensive understanding of tropical-ocean dynamics by: developing from first principles the equation set for the linear continuously stratified (LCS) model, which has long been used to study tropical oceans; and then obtaining solutions that explore different aspects of the dynamics. Part 1 of the book provides an overview of observed ocean circulations and forcing functions in the NIO that are linked to the SAM. Part 2 develops the equations of motion for the LCS model. Part 3 (Free Waves) and Part 4 (Forced Solutions) derive and discuss analytic solutions to the LCS model that illustrate basic processes in the interior (unbounded), coastal, and equatorial regions of the ocean. The last two chapters of Part 4 consider more complicated processes and phenomena that build upon the simpler solutions previously found: vertical propagation of coastal and equatorial waves, and the Indian Ocean's shallow overturning circulations. Each analytic solution is illustrated (and extended) by a suite of numerical LCS solutions presented as video clips, providing a powerful means for visualizing complex processes.
This book provides a general introduction to the natural history of Bali, looking at each of the major ecosystems in turn and highlighting their most salient and interesting features. Watercolor panoramas and illustrations of typical or otherwise significant plants and animals from each type of habitat complement the text and provide the reader with a visual reference for some of the sights he or she is most likely to see during a visit to the island.
A portable, photo-packed guide for all visitors to the country. New Zealand's dramatic scenery is home to some equally dramatic wildlife, featuring a host of endemics found nowhere else in the world. From giant wetas and the ancient Tuatara to a suite of beautiful birds, including flightless wonders such as the Kiwi and Kakapo, these animals help make New Zealand one of the world's greatest wildlife-tourism destinations. Although there have been severe losses due to introduced predators, the country has a fiercely determined conservation sector, and the future looks bright. This fully revised and updated second edition of Julian Fitter's classic photographic field guide illustrates most of the vertebrate species to be found on the islands, there, as well as a large number of typical invertebrates and flora, with the photography accompanied by concise species texts. Reader-friendly and portable yet covering everything the visitor is likely to see, this book is an invaluable companion for anyone visiting these biodiverse Pacific islands.
Law and Regulation of Tax Professionals examines all aspects of the obligations and liabilities of tax advisers arising out of professional standards, contract, tort, tax legislation (including DOTAS, POTAS and DAC6) and criminal tax evasion sanctions against the backdrop of legislative and case law. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the law and associated matters concerning the regulation of tax professionals; and to seek to draw some practical lessons as to how the tax professional and the business they work in can organise themselves to comply with what is required by regulation, best practice and to eliminate so far as possible the consequences of mistakes and unforeseen occurrences. Illustrated throughout with examples and reference to relevant case law, as well as checklists to help the reader put measures in place to protect themselves against the risk of becoming involved in breach of regulatory standards, this title is essential for tax professionals (including ICAEWs, CTAs, TEPs), tax agents, in house tax advisers, and lawyers advising on tax matters.
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