This guide to writing mathematical expressions covers both simple notations used in general texts and professional formulas and equations used in natural sciences, mathematics, and other fields. It is an essential handbook for people who write, edit, or typeset of texts where mathematical notations may be needed. The book presents notations defined in the modern international standard ISO 80000-2 but also describes other common practices.
This is an extensive manual of the Finnish language. It is an ideal source of information when you wish to learn about some specific features of Finnish, such as pronunciation, word formation, notational conventions, or verb forms, even with minimal or no previous understanding of the language. It is intended primarily for people who study, learn, or use Finnish as a foreign language. It is particularly useful to advanced language learners, translators, and linguists. The book covers · all the major features of Finnish grammar, including both standard written language, common spoken language, and features of major dialects · treatises of key specialties of Finnish such as idiomatic uses of locational case forms · in-depth look at some topics largely ignored in Finnish grammars, such as compositive forms of words and “passive” forms of verbs · punctuation rules and rules for writing numbers and special notations · issues in writing and processing Finnish-language texts in the modern world, with computers The book is also useful to people with Finnish as their native or second language, because it gives them a different look at the language. The approach in the book partly deviates from the tradition of Finnish grammars, Finnish style guides, and teaching of Finnish at schools. It treats Finnish as a world to be explored, rather than something we know all too well, and it treats it like any other language, using international concepts and terms.
Fundamentally, computers just deal with numbers. They store letters and other characters by assigning a number for each one. There are hundreds of different encoding systems for mapping characters to numbers, but Unicode promises a single mapping. Unicode enables a single software product or website to be targeted across multiple platforms, languages and countries without re-engineering. It's no wonder that industry giants like Apple, Hewlett-Packard, IBM andMicrosoft have all adopted Unicode. Containing everything you need to understand Unicode, this comprehensive reference from O'Reilly takes you on a detailed guide through the complex character world. For starters, it explains how to identify and classify characters - whether they're common, uncommon, or exotic. It then shows you how to type them, utilize their properties, and process character data in a robust manner. The book is broken up into three distinct parts. The first few chapters provide you with a tutorial presentation of Unicode and character data. It gives you a firm grasp of the terminology you need to reference various components, including character sets, fonts and encodings, glyphs and character repertoires. The middle section offers more detailed information about using Unicode and other character codes. It explains the principles and methods of defining character codes, describes some of the widely used codes, and presents code conversion techniques. It also discusses properties of characters, collation and sorting, line breaking rules and Unicode encodings. The final four chapters cover more advanced material, such as programming to support Unicode. You simply can't afford to be without the nuggets of valuable information detailed in Unicode Explained.
An oversight of the Finnish language, explaining its key features. Useful to anyone who wants to just know something about Finnish. And if you wish to learn the language, this book gives you a good starting point and also helps to deal with the specialties of Finnish.
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