Mode coupling is a key to overcoming challenges in mode-division-multiplexed transmission systems in multimode fiber. This chapter provides an in-depth description of mode coupling, including its physical origins, its effect on modal dispersion (MD) and mode-dependent loss or gain (MDL), and the resulting impact on system performance and implementation complexity. Strong mode coupling reduces the group delay spread from MD, minimizing the complexity of digital signal processing used for compensating MD and separating multiplexed signals. Likewise, strong mode coupling reduces the variations of MDL arising from transmission fibers and inline optical amplifiers, maximizing average channel capacity. When combined with MD, strong mode coupling creates frequency diversity, which reduces the probability of outage caused by MDL and enables the outage capacity to approach the average capacity. The statistics of strongly coupled MD and MDL depend only on the number of modes and the variances of MD or MDL, and can be derived from the eigenvalue distributions of certain random matrices.
The best available collection of thermodynamic data!The first-of-its-kind in over thirty years, this up-to-date book presents the current knowledgeon Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution.Written by leading international experts and initiated by the IUPAC Commissions onElectrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry, this remarkable work begins with athorough review of basic concepts and methods for determining standard electrodepotentials. Building upon this solid foundation, this convenient source proceeds to discussthe various redox couples for every known element.The chapters of this practical, time-saving guide are organized in order of the groups ofelements on the periodic table, for easy reference to vital material . AND each chapteralso contains the fundamental chemistry of elements ... numerous equations of chemicalreactions .. . easy-to-read tables of thermodynamic data . . . and useful oxidation-statediagrams.Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution is an ideal, handy reference for analytical andphysical chemists, electrochemists, electroanalytical chemists, chemical engineers, biochemists,inorganic and organic chemists, and spectroscopists needing information onreactions and thermodynamic data in inorganic chemistry . And it is a valuable supplementarytext for undergraduate- and graduate-level chemistry students.
It’s time to rewrite the rules—to curb the runaway flow of wealth to the top one percent, to restore security and opportunity for the middle class, and to foster stronger growth rooted in broadly shared prosperity. Inequality is a choice. The United States bills itself as the land of opportunity, a place where anyone can achieve success and a better life through hard work and determination. But the facts tell a different story—the U.S. today lags behind most other developed nations in measures of inequality and economic mobility. For decades, wages have stagnated for the majority of workers while economic gains have disproportionately gone to the top one percent. Education, housing, and health care—essential ingredients for individual success—are growing ever more expensive. Deeply rooted structural discrimination continues to hold down women and people of color, and more than one-fifth of all American children now live in poverty. These trends are on track to become even worse in the future. Some economists claim that today’s bleak conditions are inevitable consequences of market outcomes, globalization, and technological progress. If we want greater equality, they argue, we have to sacrifice growth. This is simply not true. American inequality is the result of misguided structural rules that actually constrict economic growth. We have stripped away worker protections and family support systems, created a tax system that rewards short-term gains over long-term investment, offered a de facto public safety net to too-big-to-fail financial institutions, and chosen monetary and fiscal policies that promote wealth over full employment.
This book provides an understanding of the theoretical foundations for the calculation of electromagnetic processes. Photon production processes are particularly important in astrophysics, since almost all of our knowledge of distant astronomical objects comes from the detection of radiation from these sources. Further, the conditions therein are extremely varied and a wide variety of naturally occurring electromagnetic phenomena can be described by limiting forms of the basic theory. The first chapter reviews some basic principles that are the underpinnings for a general description of electromagnetic phenomena, such as special relativity and, especially, relativistic covariance. Classical and quantum electrodynamics (QED) are then formulated in the next two chapters, followed by applications to three basic processes (Coulomb scattering, Compton scattering, and bremsstrahlung). These processes are related to other phenomena, such as pair production, and the comparisons are discussed. A unique feature of the book is its thorough discussion of the nonrelativistic limit of QED, which is simpler than the relativistic theory in its formulation and applications. The methods of the relativistic theory are introduced and applied through the use of notions of covariance, to provide a shorter path to the more general theory. The book will be useful for graduate students working in astrophysics and in certain areas of particle physics.
Comprehensive and fully up to date, the six-volume Plastic Surgery remains the gold standard text in this complex area of surgery. Completely revised to meet the demands of both the trainee and experienced surgeon, Craniofacial, Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Volume 3 of Plastic Surgery, 5th Edition, features new, full-color clinical photos, procedural videos, lectures, and authoritative coverage of hot topics in the field. Editor-narrated video presentations offer a step-by-step audio-visual walkthrough of techniques and procedures. - New chapters cover surgical management of facial pain, facial feminization, idiopathic progressive hemifacial atrophy, and cleft palate; coverage throughout includes new, pioneering translational work shaping the future of craniofacial, head and neck, and pediatric plastic surgery. - New digital video preface by Dr. Peter C. Neligan addresses the changes across all six volumes. - New treatment and decision-making algorithms added to chapters where applicable. - New video lectures and editor-narrated slide presentations offer a step-by-step audiovisual walkthrough of techniques and procedures. - Evidence-based advice from an expanded roster of international experts allows you to apply the very latest advances in hand and upper extremity plastic surgery and ensure optimal outcomes. - Purchase this volume individually or own the entire set, with the ability to search across all six volumes online! - An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.
The 17th University Conference on Ceramics, which also was the 7th LBL/MMRD International Materials Symposium, was held on the campus of the University of California at Berkeley from July 28 to August 1, 1980. It was devoted to the subject of surfaces and interfaces in ceramic and ceramic-metal systems. The program was timely and of great interest, as indicated by the large number of contributed papers, which included contributions from ten foreign countries. These proceedings are divided into the following categories dealing with the chemistry and physics of interfaces: calculations of interface/surface states, characterization of surfaces and inter faces, thermodynamics of interfaces, influence of surface and inter faces on selected ceramic processes, grain boundary structures, effects of grain boundaries on deformation and fracture, interfacial phenomena, formation of interfaces, development of adhesion, and reactions at interfaces. A number of papers deal specifically with the Si-Si02 interface, which probably has received more attention than any other because of its importance in the electronics industry. This coverage fulfills the principal objective of the symposium which was to explore and assess the current fundamental understand ing of interfaces and surfaces. A parallel objective of the symposium was fulfilled by a group of papers dealing with the correlation of interfacial characteris tics with mechanical behavior. This group includes papers dealing with the adherence of dissimilar materials at interfaces.
Provides the insights in neonatal neurology. This title describes from the discoveries in genetics through the advances in the diagnosis and management of neurologic disorders. It delivers clinical guidance you need to provide effective care for neonates with neurological conditions.
Dermatology Secrets Plus, 4th Edition, by Drs. James E. Fitzpatrick and Joseph G. Morelli, gives you the dermatology answers you need to succeed on your rotations and boards - PLUS much more. Now in vibrant color throughout, this dependable review and reference retains its engaging question-and-answer format, ideally suited for board preparation, recertification exams, or quick clinical reference. More than 500 color images and a new, larger page size provide the visual detail necessary to understand and diagnose skin disorders. Get the most return for your study time with the proven Secrets® format - concise, easy to read, and highly effective. Skim the Top 100 Secrets chapter and Key Points boxes for a fast overview of the secrets you must know for success on the boards and in practice. Enjoy faster, easier review and master the top issues in dermatology with mnemonics, lists, quick-reference tables, and an informal tone that sets this review book apart from the rest. Hone your diagnostic skills with more than 500 superb full-color images throughout. View photos in a new, expanded size for optimal visual reference. Gain a clearer understanding of neurocutaneous melanocytosis with an entirely new section on this topic. Access key information faster than ever with eight new tables and more than 90 new figures. Stay current with thorough updates to both text and references in all chapters, and Web Resources added to the bibliography.
Two thousand years ago, the average life expectancy from birth to death of a Roman citizen, an individual better off than most people at that time, was about 22 years (wars, infectious diseases, trauma, etc.). This progressively increased to about 47 years in the U.S. and most European countries by 1900. Today, the average life expectancy in the U.S. is 78 years (women about five years more than men). However, unless the obesity pandemic is reversed and lifestyles improved, the average life expectancy will likely decrease significantly. conversely, if our lifestyles improve, the average life expectancy could reach 85 or more years. Growing older does not necessarily mean growing sicker. Thus, "don't just add years to your life, add life to your years" (Hans Selve). Indeed, of the 15 major causes of death in the U.S., 65-70% are lifestyle-related. In this book, the following documented topics that are associated with diseases and mortality are discussed in detail: theories of aging; diseases and mortality associated with obesity, physical inactivity and poor nutrition; psychological stress (anxiety, depression); addiction (alcohol, tobacco, drugs); violence (suicide, homicide); food-borne and infectious diseases (viral, bacterial, parasitic); and various other conditions (air pollution, asbestosis, trace metals).
Methodological naturalism is the thesis that only natural features can be factored into any legitimate explanation. Moreover, the thesis contends, any attempt to explain natural phenomena by appealing to supernatural features is unscientific and, therefore, illegitimate. This book argues that nothing inherently problematic afflicts possible appeals to supernatural agency in the attempt to explain select phenomena in nature. Reputable philosophers of the ancient and medieval periods, as well as prominent scientists of the early modern era, invoked supernatural agency in their attempts to understand nature. For them, miraculous interventions in nature by a supernatural agent were not unreasonable. However, the super-naturalistic worldview has been replaced by methodological naturalism. The assumptions of two pivotal figures--David Hume and Charles Darwin--brought about this change. This book shows that this change was motivated by unscientific means. Hence, the change itself remains inconsistent with the assumptions of methodological naturalism.
Surgery, 3rd Edition, provides you with the most current knowledge and techniques hand and upper extremity plastic surgery, allowing you to offer every patient the best possible outcome. Access all the state-of-the-art know-how you need to overcome any challenge you may face and exceed your patients' expectations.
Fully updated to meet the demands of the 21st-century surgeon, Craniofacial, Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Volume 3 of Plastic Surgery, 3rd Edition, provides you with the most current knowledge and techniques across your entire field, allowing you to offer every patient the best possible outcome. Access all the state-of-the-art know-how you need to overcome any challenge you may face and exceed your patients’ expectations. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Apply the very latest advances in craniofacial, head, neck, and pediatric plastic surgery and ensure optimal outcomes with evidence-based advice from a diverse collection of world-leading authorities. Purchase this volume individually or own the entire set, with the ability to search across all six volumes online! Master the newest procedures in pediatric plastic surgery, including conjoined twinning. Apply the latest clinical evidence and surgical techniques to facilitate the decision-making process for craniofacial patients, and optimize outcomes in the correction of congenital, oncologic, traumatic, and acquired deformities. Know what to look for and what results you can expect with over 2,000 photographs and illustrations. See how to perform key techniques with 28 surgical videos online. Access the complete, fully searchable contents online, download all the tables and figures, and take advantage of additional content and images at www.expertconsult.com!
Written when the author was in his early and mid-twenties, Until the Sun Breaks Down is a contemporary American Künstlerroman modeled on Dante’s Divine Comedy. In three parts and one hundred chapters that mirror Dante’s classic poem, Nicolello takes the reader through present-day American towns and cities: infernal, purgatorial, and paradisal aspects with nothing left off the table. At once a book that can be read without any prior knowledge of Dante as the chronicle of William Fellows, child of a poverty-stricken single mother and precocious student dreaming of something better than what society offers, the book will serve as a guide to untold disconsolate Westerners who are wondering what has happened to American literature; where Catholic voices might emerge from, and how; and a bulwark against militant atheism by immersing the subject head-on and elucidating how to remove one’s self from technological desolation and recapture the essence of the Logos Incarnate, or the love that moves the sun and other stars.
Volume IV: The Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Convention and Scientific Program of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, Atlantic City, N. J., June 9–11, 1961
Volume IV: The Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Convention and Scientific Program of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, Atlantic City, N. J., June 9–11, 1961
I: Joint Meeting of the Pavlovian Society and the Society of Biological Psychiatry.- 1. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov-Presidential Address.- 2. Pavlovianism and Clinical Psychiatry.- 3. The Traditional and the New in Pavlov's Theory of "Higher Nervous Activity."--4. Salivary Conditional Reflexes in Man.- 5. The Conditional Psychogalvanic Reflex: Its Contribution to Psychiatric Diagnosis.- 6. Effects of Muscular Exertion and Verbal Stimuli on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in the Human.- 7. Awareness of Stimulus Relationships and Physiological Generality of Response in Autonomic Discrimination.- 8. App.
Here’s the most clinically oriented critical care text focusing on the adult patient. In full-color and superbly illustrated with clinical photographs, imaging studies, and management algorithms, and with a broad multidisciplinary focus, this text will help you enhance your skills at any level of training. Stands alone as a clinically oriented comprehensive reference. Completely updated and authorship expanded to reflect the evolution in critical care practice. In color for the first time, with new color schematics and treatment algorithms for greater ease of reference. Utilizes key points lists at the end of chapter, to help you make decisions rapidly and easily. Delivers key references that list other useful resources for information. Includes these seven new chapters to keep you on the cutting edge of your specialty: Assessment of Cardiac Filling and Blood Flow Mechanical Ventilation of Obstructive Airways Disease Mechanical Ventilation of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Severe Sepsis and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Stroke Delirium, Psychosis, Sleep and Depression in the ICU ICU Education
Designed to address all aspects of shoulder reconstruction, this volume in the Disorders of the Shoulder series provides complete and practical discussions of the reconstructive process—from diagnosis and planning, through surgical and nonsurgical treatments, to outcome and return to functionality.
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