By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Naṣrid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Naṣrids had emphasized the urgency of a jihād waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.
The Mediterranean, both a sea and a theatre, has served throughout history as a fundamental crossroads for the political-religious dynamics and international tensions that characterize the various worlds, east and west, south and north, that meet in this basin. Starting from these premises, the present work examines - within a chronological span that goes from the conclusion of the Second World War to the end of Pius XII’s pontificate - the contribution offered by the Holy See and by Catholics from different national contexts in deciphering the role of the Mediterranean Sea within the wider global context. As such, it constitutes a reflection on this geographical space with its peculiar cultural, economic, political, and religious realities by highlighting the role played by the Mediterranean in the elaboration of visions and projects of civilization. This work is the fruit of a wider research programme called Occidentes - Horizons and projects of civilization in the Church of Pius XII. It brings together the work of seven historians from different European Universities.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The gold standard thoracic surgery reference for 45 years, Shields’ General Thoracic Surgery remains your #1 resource for comprehensive coverage of both open and endoscopic surgical techniques, with commentary from more than 150 global experts in the field. This two-volume masterwork covers all facets of thoracic disease, enhanced with dynamic audio and visual content, colorful graphics, and an authoritative analysis of the world’s literature and electronic data – making this 8th Edition the most extensive and concise collection of practical, complete information available for today’s busy clinician.
A quiz book containing over 1,000 questions about the classics of science-fiction and fantasy drawn from all media. In J. R. R. Tolkien's The Fellowship of the Ring, what is the name of Tom Bombadil's wife? Which character does Scarlett Johansson play in the 2012 film The Avengers? Who is the protagonist of the video game The Legend of Zelda? Which barbarian hero carried a sword called “Graywand”? How well do you know the who, where, what, when and how of science fiction and fantasy? Do you dare face the ultimate test of knowledge drawn from the greatest novels, movies, comic books, video games and televisions shows in the history of these genres? Complete with questions ranging from easy to mind-bogglingly hard and including true or false, multiple choice, short answer, and match-up sections, this fun-filled book is the perfect gift for all lovers of science fiction and fantasy.
Based on letters and diaries of more than a thousand soldiers, political scientist Joseph Allan Frank describes how political considerations were central to the development of the armies of the North and South--motivating soldiers, shaping officers, and assuring military cohesion. Illustrations.
Experts in the field, Drs. Singer, Mink, Gilbert, and Jankovic, fill the gap in the market by offering the only comprehensive text devoted solely to the diagnoses and treatment of all pediatric movement disorders. Discussions of common and rare disorders such as movements that occur in sleep and psychogenic movement disorders and the latest advances and developments in medications keep you apprised of today’s best practices. Each chapter is accessible, illustrated, stylistically uniform, and carefully referenced, making it easy to access the information you need. This brand-new reference is the ideal resource for the seasoned specialist as well as the non-expert clinician. Best of all, Expert Consult functionality gives you convenient access to the full text online – fully searchable, a downloadable image library, and enhanced visual guidance with narrated, diagnostic videos at expertconsult.com. • Includes online access to the complete contents of the book, fully searchable, including all of the book’s illustrations, 58 narrated videos of actual patients and their disorders, and abstracts to Medline at expertconsult.com • Discusses neurobiology, classification, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment, making this a one-stop-shop for all you need to know to diagnose and treat any child with any movement disorder. • Offers expert guidance and detailed coverage on today’s hot topics, including movements that occur in sleep, drug-induced movement disorders in children, and psychogenic movement disorders to help you better treat whatever you encounter. • Addresses developmental, paroxysmal, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, and other movement disorders, offering complete, comprehensive coverage. • Presents chapters based on clinical symptomology and disease with specific therapy guidance at the end of each chapter. • Uses illustrations and a logical organization throughout, making reference a snap.
Water Worlds in the Solar System: In Search of Habitable Environments and Life is a comprehensive reference on the formation, availability, habitability potential, and astrobiological implications of water in the Solar System. The book provides understanding of the importance of water on Earth to elucidate potential water and biosignature sources on other bodies in the Solar System. It covers processes involved in the formation of Earth and its Moon, genesis of water on those bodies, events on early Earth, and other processes that are applicable to celestial bodies in the Solar System, directly correlating data available on water on other bodies to over 15 Earth analogue sites. This book forms a comprehensive overview on water in the Solar System, from formation to biosignature and habitability considerations. It is ideal for academics, researchers and students working in the field of planetary science, extraterrestrial water research and habitability potential. - Presents a comprehensive reference on water in the Solar System, developing readers' understanding of the importance and occurrence of water on Earth and beyond, all from an oceanographer's perspective - Contrasts terrestrial analogues in relation to their roles in understanding and exploring ocean worlds and habitability - Includes numerous figures, illustrations, tables and videos to help readers better understand concepts covered
Make the most of today's innovative medical therapies, advances in vascular imaging, and new drugs to improve your patients' cardiovascular health with Vascular Medicine, 2nd Edition. This comprehensive, clinically focused volume in the Braunwald's Heart Disease family provides an in-depth, state-of-the-art review of all vascular diseases, with an emphasis on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management - giving you the evidence-based guidance you need to make appropriate therapeutic decisions on behalf of your patients. Gain a state-of-the-art understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of arterial disease, venous disease, lymph dysfunction, connective tissue disease, vascular disease, and vascular manifestations of systemic disease. Benefit from the knowledge and experience of Dr. Mark A. Creager (editor of the Vascular Medicine society journal), Dr. Joshua A. Beckman, and Dr. Joseph Loscalzo, and benefit from their practice rationales for all of today's clinical therapies. Easily reference Braunwald's Heart Disease, 9th Edition for further information on topics of interest. Get up-to-date information on new combination drug therapies and management of chronic complications of hypertension. Learn the best methods for aggressive patient management and disease prevention to ensure minimal risk of further cardiovascular problems. Stay current with ACC/AHA and ECC guidelines and the best ways to implement them in clinical practice. Enhance your visual perspective with an all-new, full-color design throughout. Utilize behavior management as an integral part of treatment for your hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients. Effectively manage special populations with chronic hypertensive disease, as well as hypertension and concomitant disease. Access the complete contents online and download images at www.expertconsult.com.
Movement Disorders in Childhood, Second Edition, provides the most up-to-date information on the diseases and disorders that affect motor control, an important area of specialization within child neurology. Over the past several decades, advances in genetics, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and other areas of neuroscience have provided new understanding of the underlying etiologies and mechanisms of these conditions as well as new opportunities for more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. This new edition builds upon the success of the first edition, with comprehensive scientific and clinical updates of all chapters. In addition, there are new chapters on hereditary spastic paraplegia, quantitative motor assessments, autoimmune disorders, and movement disorders in the developmental neuropsychiatric disorders ADHD, OCD, and autism. Additional materials are provided on the latest in drug treatments, computer based strategies for genetic diagnosis, and helpful videos for phenomenology. - Provides the only current reference specifically focused on childhood movement disorders - Investigates the underlying etiologies and mechanisms of these disorders - Completely revised and updated with new materials and a more disease-oriented approach - New coverage of genetics and movement disorders, immunology and movement disorders, and an introduction to the latest quantitative analysis - New videos of instructive and unusual childhood movement disorders - 2016 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Neurology
Investigating Seafloors and Oceans: From Mud Volcanoes to Giant Squid offers a bottom-to-top tour of the world's oceans, exposing the secrets hidden therein from a variety of scientific perspectives. Opening with a discussion of the earth's formation, hot spots, ridges, plate tectonics, submarine trenches, and cold seeps, the text goes on to address such topics as the role of oceans in the origin of life, tidal bore, thermal effects, ecosystem services, marine creatures, and nutraceutical and pharmaceutical resources. This unique reference provides insight into a wide array of questions that researchers continue to ask about the vast study of oceans and the seafloor. It is a one-of-a-kind examination of oceans that offers important perspectives for researchers, practitioners, and academics in all marine-related fields. - Includes chapters addressing various scientific disciplines, offering the opportunity for readers to gain insights on diverse topics in the study of oceans - Provides scientific discussion on thermo-tolerant microbial life in sub-seafloor hot sediments and vent fields, as well as the origin of life debates and the puzzles revolving around how life originated - Includes detailed information on the origin of dreaded episodes, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, internal waves and tidal bores - Contains information on the contribution of the oceans in terms of providing useful nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products
The social teaching of the Roman Catholic Church has aroused publicinterest in recent years with the increased involvement of North American bishops in matters of civic morality, with the growth of liberation theology in Central and South America, and with the ongoing political and economic statements of Pope John Paul II. A vital ingredient of Roman Catholic social teaching is the papal encyclical literature. Debate grows, however, over exactly what the papal letters teach. Noteworthy encyclical commentaries exist, but none has attempted a comprehensive historical analysis of the complete content and overall coherence of Roman Catholic encyclical social teaching. This book, appearing in advance of the 1991 centennial of "Rerum novarum", provides the kind of analysis that concerned Roman Catholics, public officials, social ethicists, theologians and students are looking for: a textually inclusive and topically broad-gauged study of Catholic social teaching in its historical development with a forthright assessment of the teaching's contradictions and consistencies.
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