In what is destined to prove the definitive text for the present generation on the political, economic, and social structure of Colombia, Jorge Pablo Osterling explores the enigmatic nature of this special, even critical, anchor to the northern tier of South America. In many ways, Colombia is a huge success story: it is one of the oldest, most stable, functioning democracies; the land is blessed with rich and diversified resources and products; and its foreign debt has been kept in check as a consequence of sound economic management. But despite its positive social, cultural, economic, and political indicators, Colombia has been a nation beset by serious problems: overt corruption and unemployment are very high; and its public service facilities to outlying rural areas remain weak, thus making schooling, water supplies, health care, and electrification hard to establish at high levels. Above all, Colombia has a reputation, well earned, as one of the most violent nations in the world. Drug trafficking, common crime, and guerrilla activity are all pandemic and conspire to destabilize the regime. In this straightforward, compelling account, Osterling shows how this paradox has evolved, and why it has persisted over the past fifty years. He draws attention to parallel political structures: a functioning set of civilian institutions that coexist alongside one of the most powerful closed, hierarchical political elites in Latin America. Osterling locates the central problem of the maintenance of interpersonal relations as being more important to the functioning of Colombian society than impersonal norms. This is a country in which political bosses vie with popular democracy for control of the country.
Mexican American Baseball in El Paso chronicles the vibrant and colorful history of baseball in the El Paso-Juárez border region. For more than a century, baseball along the border has served as a means of bringing together people of all backgrounds, races, and nationalities, from the fly-by-night teams of the Pancho Villa era to the fabled semiprofessional clubs of the Lower Valley League. For the area's Mexican and Mexican American citizens, storied teams like the Juárez Indios, Fabens Merchants, 1949 Bowie Bears, and El Paso Diablos served as both community rallying points and signposts of cultural identity. From the legendary semiprofessional players of decades past to the most recent major leaguers, this book presents the photographic history of baseball in America's largest border community.
Argentina fell in love with movies as soon as they were first exhibited in 1896. Even before World War I, Argentina was one of the biggest film markets in the world and continues to be a major film market today. This history of the Argentine film industry--starting with the earliest film exhibitions in 1897--covers film music, broadcasting, the introduction of film with sound, the impact of the American film industry on the Argentine, the industrialization of Argentine film, Hollywood films in Spanish, the tango in film and local stars. Reference material includes filmographic information and reviews from numerous publications. Photographs offer a look at film stills, promotions, and the people involved in the industry, and an index provides quick access to names and titles.
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: N/A, Universidad de Oriente in Santiago de Cuba (Faculty of Humanities), course: English Language, language: English, abstract: The ability to teach foreign languages effectively has become an increasingly important skill to develop and improve the language proficiency of students. Teachers need to develop and apply proactive and positive attitudes to foster new levels of foreign language learning within their students. Teaching, on its own, is not a panacea for success. This paper investigates how teachers at the Universidad de Oriente (UO) in Santiago de Cuba search for and apply innovative ways of teaching foreign languages to their students within current boundaries. The results from this research show that there is a positive relationship between the level of proficiency in a foreign language and the methods and approaches teachers apply to keep students motivated and interested in the subject matter. The literature review from this study provided supportive evidence which was strengthened with insights from face to face interviews and a focus group meeting. The outcomes confirmed that students, who are exposed regularly to practical and diverse teaching methods, are more likely to exceed the expected foreign language proficiency levels set by the University’s quality standards.
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