The West Highland Railway, which opened to Fort William in 1894 and to Mallaig in 1901, follows a scenic route by Loch Lomond, Breadalbane and Lochaber to the west coast of Scotland and is one of the most famous railway lines in the world. This book describes the late-nineteenth-century 'railway mania' in the Highlands, addressing the politics of promotion and the disputes over state assistance for the Fort William–Mallaig line, rather than the heroics and the romance of construction and operation. It discusses the uneasy alliances and battles between the railway companies of Scotland, as well as those between Scottish lines and their English counterparts. It also reviews other schemes, more or less successful, and examines the expectations bound up with railway development, asking how far these had been achieved, or remained relevant, by 1914. 'This is a meticulously researched book . . . a unique and comprehensive history of the origins of the West Highland Railway . . . an essential addition to the library of anyone with an interest in Scottish railway history' - Ewan Crawford, University of Glasgow 'a fascinating and revealing study of rail development issues in the western Highlands between the 1840s and 1914' - Tom Hart, University of Glasgow
Two historians, Robert V. Hine and John Mack Faragher, present the American West as both frontier and region, real and imagined, old and new, and they show how men and women of all ethnic groups were affected when different cultures met and clashed. Their concise and engaging survey of frontier history traces the story from the first Columbian contacts between Indians and Europeans to the multicultural encounters of the modern Southwest. Profusely illustrated with contemporary drawings, posters, and photographs and written in lively and accessible prose, the book not only presents a panoramic view of historical events and characters but also provides fascinating details about such topics as western landscapes, environmental movements, literature, visual arts, and film.
Introducing the development of West African popular music, this text begins with a discussion of the early Highlife bands. It then traces the growth and diversification of various popular musical styles, including comic opera, Dagomba Simpa folk, and the current Afro-beat and Juju.
Local teachers and ministers extolling the virtues of hard work and loyalty to God and country. Veterans' groups and women's clubs promoting the military fighting radicalism, and equating business and patriotism. Industrial leaders gaining legal as well as moral influence over national domestic policy. Such scenes might seem to be lifted from a Sinclair Lewis novel or a Contract with America publicity video. But as John C. Hennen shows in this piercing analysis of early-twentieth-century American political culture, from 1916 to 1925 "Americanization" became the theme—indeed, the script—not only of West Virginia but of the entire nation. Hennen's interdisciplinary work examines a formative period in West Virginia's modern history that has been largely neglected beyond the traditional focus on the coal industry. Hennen looks at education, reform, and industrial relations in the state in the context of war mobilization, postwar instability, and national economic expansion. The First World War, he says, consolidated the dominant positions of professionals, business people, and political capitalists as arbiters of national values. These leaders emerged from the war determined to make free-market business principles synonymous with patriotic citizenship. Americanization, therefore, refers less to the assimilation of immigrants into the national mainstream than to the attempt to encode values that would guarantee a literate, loyal, and obedient producing class. To ensure that the state fulfilled its designated role as a resource zone for the perceived greater good of national strength, corporate leaders employed public relations tactics that the Wilson administration had refined to gain public support for the war. Alarmed by widespread labor activism and threatened by fears of communism, the American Constitutional Association in West Virginia, one of dozens of similar organizations nationwide, articulated principles that identified the well-being of business with the well-being of the country. With easy access to teacher training and classroom programs, antiunion forces had by 1923 rolled back the wartime gains of the United Mine Workers of America. Middle-class voluntary organizations like the American Legion and the West Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs helped implant mandated loyalty in schoolchildren. Far from being isolated during America's transformation into a world power, West Virginia was squarely in the mainstream. The state's people and natural resources were manipulated into serving crucial functions as producers and fuel for the postwar economy. Hennen's study, therefore, is a study less of the power or force of ideas than of the importance of access to the means to transmit ideas. The winner of the1995 Appalachian Studies Award is a significant contribution to regional studies as well as to our understanding of American culture during and after World War I.
In time for Alberta's and Saskatchewan's 100th anniversary of Confederation, political commentator and writer John Conway examines the unique way the West has shaped the rest of Canada. The Riel Rebellions, the Winnipeg General Strike, the founding of the CCF, Social Credit and Reform parties, the struggle for provincial control of resources -- much of the impetus for political, social and economic change in Canada has come from the West. From pre-Confederation to the present, author John Conway, himself a Westerner, tells the story of the colourful and controversial figures who molded the region. His lively history of the West and its peoples offers insight into the experience of Western Canadians and documents their contribution to Canadian economic and political life. The third edition of this popular and successful history describes Stephen Harper's arrival on the political scene, as well as the rise and fall of such figures as Grant Devine, Bill Vander Zalm, Glen Clark, Roy Romanow, and Stockwell Day. It also describes how the West, the cradle of Canadian social democracy, was transformed into the bastion of the right during the last decade.
Combining new empirical information about political behavior with a close examination of the capacity of the state's government, this third edition of West Virginia Politics and Government offers a comprehensive and pointed study of the ability of the state's government to respond to the needs of a largely rural and relatively low-income population"--
Taking the empirical case of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), this volume locates the peacekeeping operations of ECOWAS within an expanded post-Cold War conceptualization of humanitarian intervention. It examines the organization's capacity to protect civilians at risk in civil conflicts and to facilitate the processes of peacemaking and post-war peace-building.
Presents a tour of West African kingdoms between 1200 and 1600, discussing facts about religion, war, slavery, diet, houses, politics, culture, transportation, crime, and illness.
By the turn of the 20th century, West Adams had become one of the first bedroom communities in fast-growing Los Angeles. Mansions and bungalows housed bankers and merchants who commuted to their businesses downtown, as well as moviemakers, debutantes, the social elite, and one or two scoundrels. Anchored by Adams Boulevard, this area just west of downtown has been through many changes. Today the neighborhood is one of the most racially and architecturally diverse in the country and contains the highest concentration of historic cultural monuments in Los Angeles. Residents and local archives, including the University of Southern California and the Automobile Club of Southern California, have contributed images to this volume illustrating life and architecture from Victorian times onward.
A rich and detailed look at the wars that the United States conducted against its native population from 1860 to 1890 explores the fundamental circumstances of events, investigates the different responses of tribes to the conflict, and much more. Original. UP.
Multinational Cooperation for Development in West Africa discusses the obstacles and prospects of organizations that were formed to facilitate considerable cooperation in the developing countries of West Africa. The book describes and analyzes the cooperation movement and the United Nations system and role in fostering the process of cooperation in West Africa. A brief overview of West African characteristics; trends and analysis of development; history of the cooperation movement; issues regarding cooperation in West Africa; potentialities of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS); and the impact of the United Nations on the growth of cooperation in the subregion are elucidated in the text. Students of international studies, researchers, economists, sociologists, political leaders of the West African region, and the staff of United Nations agencies will find this book invaluable.
This book examines the role of the international community in the handover of the Dutch colony of West Papua/Irian Jaya to Indonesia in the 1960s and questions whether or not the West Papuan people ever genuinely exercised the right to self-determination guaranteed to them in the UN-brokered Dutch/Indonesian agreement of 1962. Indonesian, Dutch, US, Soviet, Australian and British involvement is discussed, but particular emphasis is given to the central part played by the United Nations in the implementation of this agreement. As guarantor, the UN temporarily took over the territory's administration from the Dutch before transferring control to Indonesia in 1963. After five years of Indonesian rule, a UN team returned to West Papua to monitor and endorse a controversial act of self-determination that resulted in a unanimous vote by 1022 Papuan 'representatives' to reject independence. Despite this, the issue is still very much alive today as a crisis-hit Indonesia faces continued armed rebellion and growing calls for freedom in West Papua.
This reissue of J. D. C. Fisher's classic work introduces the reader to primary sources that led the author to the theory of disintegration of the primitive rite of initiation. His material is covered geographically according to liturgical areas: Rome from John the Deacon and the Gelasian Sacramentary to the twelfth century; Milan and Northern Italy from Ambrose to the Ordo of Beroldus; Gaul and Germany from the seventh to the twelfth century; Spain from Isidore of Seville to the Mozarabic Liber Ordinum. Book jacket.
When the council that controlled the world spanning computer Mother fell out in civil war, it plunged the world in an instant from high-tech utopia to medieval nightmare. Critical to the little remaining technology that was left were the Helium Three reactors that powered the world-wide power grid. And the refueling ship that returned from the outer planets every five years." "With the ship on its way back for the five year rendezvous, every faction on the planet was hungry to capture the tanker, and the power that went with it." "Megan Travante, former slave girl, assassin and currently one of the thirteen super-powerful "Key Holders" that control the world-spanning computer network called Mother, has become deeply entrenched in the political infighting that characterizes the New Destiny capital. In that role she is swained by her "very close, personal, friend" Herzer Herrick, the Blood Lord's Blood Lord, who would much prefer to be splitting orc heads or riding dragons. He wouldn't mind so much if he was at least getting some." "When Herzer and Megan are trapped as replacements for the slaughtered first team, life becomes a nightmarish scramble to find qualified personnel and train and prepare for the toughest space-walk of all time. All while being assaulted by giant metallic scorpions and trying to resolve their "close, personal" differences."--BOOK JACKET.
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