This book focuses on the relationship between the state and economy in the development of cities. It reviews and reinterprets fundamental theoretical models that explain how the operation of markets in equilibrium shapes the scale and organization of the commercial city in a mixed market economy within a liberal state. These models link markets for the factors of production, markets for investment and fixed capital formation, markets for transportation, and markets for exports in equilibrium both within the urban economy and the rest of the world. In each case, the model explains the urban economy by revealing how assumptions about causes and structures lead to predictions about scale and organization outcomes. By simplifying and contrasting these models, this book proposes another interpretation: that governance and the urban economy are outcomes negotiated by political actors motivated by competing notions of commonwealth and the individual desire for wealth and power. The book grounds its analysis in economic history, explaining the rise of commercial cities and the emergence of the urban economy. It then turns to factors of production, export, and factor markets, introducing and parsing the Mills model, breaking it down into its component parts and creating a series of simpler models that can better explain the significance of each economic assumption. Simplified models are also presented for real estate and fixed capital investment markets, transportation, and land use planning. The book concludes with a discussion of linear programming and the Herbert- Stevens and the Ripper-Varaiya models. A fresh presentation of the theories behind urban economics, this book emphasizes the links between state and economy and challenges the reader to see its theories in a new light. As such, this book will be of interest to scholars, students, and practitioners of economics, public policy, public administration, urban policy, and city and urban planning. >
The size of Canadian households has been declining since at least the 1880s. Miron compares this trend to patterns of household size in England and the United States and argues that postwar changes in household formation in Canada were the result of several forces including the postwar baby boom, increased longevity, changes in marriage pattern, rising incidence of divorce, increased household affluence, and new forms of government assistance to housing. While aggregate growth in population, families, and households helps to explain why more housing was necessary, it does not explain changes in the kind of houses desired. Miron discusses changes in available housing stock as well as changes in structural type such as the great apartment boom of the late 1960s and the re-emergence of owner occupancy in the late 1970s. The types of data available for measuring change in the stock and sources of error in housing data are also analyzed. One of the books most important contributions is an annotated synthesis of national trends in household formation and housing demand, derived from Statistics Canada census data, and accompanied by an insightful analysis of the relation of these trends to housing stock evolution. This is the only available detailed study of these topics in the Canadian context.
This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date, and expert synthesis of location theory. What are the impacts of a firm’s geographic location on the locations of customers, suppliers, and competitors in a market economy? How, when, and why does this result in the clustering of firms in space? When and how is society made better or worse off as a result? This book uses dozens of locational models to address aspects of these three questions. Classical location problems considered include Greenhut-Manne, Hitchcock-Koopmans, and Weber-Launhardt. The book reinterprets competitive location theory, focusing on the linkages between Walrasian price equilibrium and the localization of firms. It also demonstrates that competitive location theory offers diverse ideas about the nature of market equilibrium in geographic space and its implications for a broad range of public policies, including free trade, industrial policy, regional development, and investment in infrastructure. With an extensive bibliography and fresh, interdisciplinary approach, the book will be an invaluable reference for academics and researchers with an interest in regional science, economic geography, and urban planning, as well as policy advisors, urban planners, and consultants.
The contributors identify important considerations for evaluating the current and future housing situation, clarify housing research issues and priorities, and indicate emergent policy issues. The essays are divided into six sections: economic, demographic, and institutional factors underlying the postwar demand for housing; principal aspects of the supply side of housing, including housing finance, technology, and regulation; housing-stock growth and changes in housing quality; the balance of supply and demand in terms of adequacy, suitability, and affordability; the changing settlement environment; and lessons, challenges, and issues for the future. The book also contains valuable summaries of housing policy initiatives undertaken between 1945 and 1986. An essential reference document on urban housing and city development in the postwar period in Canada, House, Home, and Community will be valuable to academics, planners, professionals, and students with interests related to housing.
Les collaborateurs identifient certains critères importants pour l'évaluation de la situation actuelle et future dans le domaine du logement, précisent les questions et priorités de la recherche en matière de logement et signalent certaines questions de politique qui se dessinent. Les articles sont répartis en six sections: facteurs économiques, démographiques et institutionnels sous-jacents à la demande de logements au cours de la période de l'après-guerre; principaux aspects de l'offre de logements, et notamment financement, technologie et réglementation; croissance du parc immobilier et modifications de la qualité des logements; équilibre entre l'offre et la demande compte tenu de ce qui est suffisant, convenable et abordable; évolution de l'environnement des lieux habités; leçons, défis et questions pour l'avenir. L'ouvrage contient également certains résumés utiles des mesures prises entre 1945 et 1986 en matière de politiques de logement. Document de référence essentiel sur le logement urbain et le développement des villes au cours de la période d'après-guerre au Canada, Habitations et milieu de vie sera apprécié des universitaires, des planificateurs, des professionnels et des étudiants qui s'intéressent aux questions de logement.
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