A comprehensive, authoritative introduction to the central issues in surface science. This volume takes a practical, experimental approach to modern surface science. Professor John B. Hudson promotes an intuitive understanding of the concepts of surface science by using physical examples to illustrate basic surface structures and phenomena. Accessible and easy to read throughout, Surface Science provides a solid foundation from which to develop a conceptual understanding of the field. Divided into four sections, Surface Science begins with descriptions of the structure, thermodynamics, and mobility of clean surfaces, then moves on to explore the interaction of gas molecules with solid surfaces. Next, Professor Hudson discusses the energetic particle interactions that are the basis for the majority of techniques developed to reveal the structure and chemistry of surfaces. The book concludes with a presentation of the background material involved in crystal nucleation and growth. The product of more than three decades of experience in introducing students to surface science, this book includes: * State-of-the-art surface analysis techniques * Examples of phenomena and structures from current and classical works * A comprehensive presentation that can be easily tailored to senior undergraduate and graduate courses in a variety of disciplines * Extensive references and course-proven end-of-chapter problems. Surface Science is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and the physical sciences who want a general overview of surface science. It also provides important background information for researchers just starting out in the field. JOHN B. HUDSON, PhD, is Professor of Materials Science in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.
The Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists: Second Edition, 2 Volume Set examines the lives and careers of noteworthy scientists and thinkers through the ages, illuminating the progress of science and its impact on society in general. From Aristotle and the beginnings of objective observations, to twentieth century giants, Freud and Hawking, this extensive in-depth reference explores the men and women who have shaped our ideas and the world in which we live today. Extensively revised and updated, this second edition comprises two substantial illustrated volumes that contain over 2,000 biographical entries and over half a million words. It looks and reads like a "Who's Who" of the world of scientific thought, providing an in-depth listing of prominent historical as well as modern figures of science and medicine. The main biographical entries are arranged alphabetically and summarize the individual's life and contribution to science. The volumes also include a chronology of the history of science from 590 BC to the present, a subject index, and a bibliography of key publications in the history of scientific thought. For anyone researching the world of scientific personalities and ideas, this unique reference work will be indispensable.
John Servos explains the emergence of physical chemistry in America by presenting a series of lively portraits of such pivotal figures as Wilhelm Ostwald, A. A. Noyes, G. N. Lewis, and Linus Pauling, and of key institutions, including MIT, the University of California at Berkeley, and Caltech. In the early twentieth century, physical chemistry was a new hybrid science, the molecular biology of its time. The names of its progenitors were familiar to everyone who was scientifically literate; studies of aqueous solutions and of chemical thermodynamics had transformed scientific knowledge of chemical affinity. By exploring the relationship of the discipline to industry and to other sciences, and by tracing the research of its leading American practitioners, Servos shows how physical chemistry was eclipsed by its own offspring--specialties like quantum chemistry.
Zoe Anderson is out for revenge. With the help of an elaborate plan, Zoe has just faked her own death in order to pay back her abusive ex-husband, Doug, for all the anguish he has caused her. But in order to carry out her vengeful scheme, she must rely on help from a mysterious stranger. As she heads to a seedy part of town to meet him, Zoe is uncertain if he can help her with her dark request. Zoe wants to become a vampire. After the stranger leads Zoe to Tobias, a two-hundred-year-old vampire, Zoe decides she has no choice but to move forward and sacrifices her life. Fueled by her nightmares and the bloodlust in her eyes, Zoe immediately immerses herself into manipulating her ex-husband into thinking he is going crazy. As she sneaks, spies, and tortures the man who stole her children, she fights her hunger for blood, even as she develops feelings for the mysterious stranger who has not left her side since the day she met him. In this urban vampire tale, a scorned woman eager to shed her emotional scars soon learns that being gifted with supernatural powers may come with a price.
This book discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution (and also human cultural evolution), against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory. Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems. This paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources, as the author will show. The role of information in human cultural evolution is another focus of the book. This new edition discusses current research on the origin of life, the distinction between thermodynamic information and cybernetic information, new DNA research and human prehistory, developments in current information technology, and the relationship between entropy and economics.
This reference work chronicles and categorizes more than 23,000 Union casualties at Gettysburg by generals and staff and by state and unit. Thirteen appendices also cover information by brigade, division and corps; by engagements and skirmishes; by state; by burial at three cemeteries; and by hospitals. Casualty transports, incarceration records and civilian casualty lists are also included.
As a federal prosecutor in Mississippi for over thirty years, John Hailman worked with federal agents, lawyers, judges, and criminals of every stripe. In From Midnight to Guntown, he recounts amazing trials and bad guy antics from the darkly humorous to the needlessly tragic. In addition to bank robbers—generally the dumbest criminals—Hailman describes scam artists, hit men, protected witnesses, colorful informants, corrupt officials, bad guys with funny nicknames, over-the-top investigators, and those defendants who had a certain roguish charm. Several of his defendants and victims have since had whole books written about them: Dickie Scruggs, Emmett Till, Chicago gang leader Jeff Fort, and Paddy Mitchell, leader of the most successful bank robbery gang of the twentieth century. But Hailman delivers the inside story no one else can. He also recounts his scary experiences after 9/11 when he prosecuted terrorism cases.
A collection of essays on British and American maritime relationships in the 20th century together with details on the British organization of warfare, Anglo-American maritime theory, their rivalries and coalitions and their plans for dealing with a future war in the nuclear age.
Chemistry is widely considered to be the central science: it encompasses concepts on which all other branches of science are developed. Yet, for many students entering university, gaining a firm grounding in chemistry is a real challenge. Chemistry3 responds to this challenge, providingstudents with a full understanding of the fundamental principles of chemistry on which to build later studies.Uniquely amongst the introductory chemistry texts currently available, Chemistry3's author team brings together experts in each of organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry with specialists in chemistry education to provide balanced coverage of the fundamentals of chemistry in a way that studentsboth enjoy and understand.The result is a text that builds on what students know already from school and tackles their misunderstandings and misconceptions, thereby providing a seamless transition from school to undergraduate study. Written with unrivalled clarity, students are encouraged to engage with the text andappreciate the central role that chemistry plays in our lives through the unique use of real-world context and photographs.Chemistry3 tackles head-on two issues pervading chemistry education: students' mathematical skills, and their ability to see the subject as a single, unified discipline. Instead of avoiding the maths, Chemistry3 provides structured support, in the form of careful explanations, reminders of keymathematical concepts, step-by-step calculations in worked examples, and a Maths Toolkit, to help students get to grips with the essential mathematical element of chemistry. Frequent cross-references highlight the connections between each strand of chemistry and explain the relationship between thetopics, so students can develop an understanding of the subject as a whole.Digital formats and resourcesChemistry3 is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources.The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooksThe e-book also features interactive animations of molecular structures, screencasts in which authors talk step-by-step through selected examples and key reaction mechanisms, and self-assessment activities for each chapter. The accompanying online resources will also include, for students:DT Chapter 1 as an open-access PDF;DT Chapter summaries and key equations to download, to support revision;DT Worked solutions to the questions in the book.The following online resources are also provided for lecturers:DT Test bank of ready-made assessments for each chapter with which to test your studentsDT Problem-solving workshop activities for each chapter for you to use in classDT Case-studies showing how instructors are successfully using Chemistry3 in digital learning environments and to support innovative teaching practicesDT Figures and tables from the book
Nineteenth-century Chile was an exceptional phenomenon in Latin America: Constitutional procedures were observed, the army remained in its barracks, and development proceeded at a perceptible pace, even to contemporary observers. This book examines the enormous contribution British merchants made toward Chilean prosperity and stability during this period. The prospect of trade initially brought the British to Chile in the early 1800s. Great Britain soon provided the largest markets for Chilean produce, and British factories produced the largest share of Chile’s manufactured imports. British merchants organized the trade and provided services and expertise wherever needed. John Mayo documents the economic aspects of the British presence in Chile, but he also surveys the social, diplomatic, and political relations between the two countries. What emerges is a picture of a mutually profitable partnership based on the simplest of all motives—self-interest.
This substantially expanded new edition of the Guide to the Historical Records of British Banking contains details of over 700 archive collections held in local record offices, university and local libraries and of course, banks. This monumental reference work facilitates a wider knowledge and understanding of the history of British finance.
The author charts the development of architectural theory and practice from Elizabeth I to George IV. Questions of style, technology, and the social framework are resolved as separable but always essential components of the building worlds.
Information Theory and Evolution discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution (and also human cultural evolution), against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory. Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems. This paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources, as the author will show. The role of information in human cultural evolution is another focus of the book.The first edition of Information Theory and Evolution made a strong impact on thought in the field by bringing together results from many disciplines. The new second edition offers updated results based on reports of important new research in several areas, including exciting new studies of the human mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal DNA. Another extensive discussion featured in the second edition is contained in a new appendix devoted to the relationship of entropy and Gibbs free energy to economics. This appendix includes a review of the ideas of Alfred Lotka, Frederick Soddy, Nicholas Georgiescu-Roegen and Herman E. Daly, and discusses the relevance of these ideas to the current economic crisis.The new edition discusses current research on the origin of life, the distinction between thermodynamic information and cybernetic information, new DNA research and human prehistory, developments in current information technology, and the relationship between entropy and economics.
There is an explosion of interest in Bayesian statistics, primarily because recently created computational methods have finally made Bayesian analysis tractable and accessible to a wide audience. Doing Bayesian Data Analysis, A Tutorial Introduction with R and BUGS, is for first year graduate students or advanced undergraduates and provides an accessible approach, as all mathematics is explained intuitively and with concrete examples. It assumes only algebra and 'rusty' calculus. Unlike other textbooks, this book begins with the basics, including essential concepts of probability and random sampling. The book gradually climbs all the way to advanced hierarchical modeling methods for realistic data. The text provides complete examples with the R programming language and BUGS software (both freeware), and begins with basic programming examples, working up gradually to complete programs for complex analyses and presentation graphics. These templates can be easily adapted for a large variety of students and their own research needs.The textbook bridges the students from their undergraduate training into modern Bayesian methods. - Accessible, including the basics of essential concepts of probability and random sampling - Examples with R programming language and BUGS software - Comprehensive coverage of all scenarios addressed by non-bayesian textbooks- t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons in ANOVA, multiple regression, and chi-square (contingency table analysis). - Coverage of experiment planning - R and BUGS computer programming code on website - Exercises have explicit purposes and guidelines for accomplishment
Kay Francis came of age in the Roaring Twenties and relished the era's hedonistic pursuits. Her career as an actress was launched at the same time, and before her death in 1968, she had appeared on many theater stages, in more than 60 films, on radio, in USO tours, as a model, and on television. The tall, stylish actress had a husky voice and dark beauty that was striking on film. Despite her financial success, relaxed morals, and life as a socialite, the millionaire actress shunned luxuries such as limousines and sprawling estates popular among Hollywood elite. The actress, who insisted she wanted to be forgotten, left behind scrapbooks, boxes of memorabilia and detailed diaries. These rich resources help provide an exhaustive look at the life of one of Hollywood's most intriguing early stars. Francis' biography is the heart of this book, beginning with her family background and her upbringing by a vaudevillian actress mother. The story of her extensive career and never-ending romantic pursuits is peppered with comments from the media and her own diaries, and supplemented with ample photographs. A chronology gives dates of theater openings, film releases, marriages, television and radio appearances, births and deaths. A filmography includes complete cast and credit lists.
Ferranti-Packard was one of Canada's earliest manufacturers to employ some of the most significant technologies of this century -- those involved in the production of electric power, automobiles, and computers. In this illustrated corporate history of Ferranti-Packard, Norman Ball and John Vardalas survey the research, development, design, and marketing decisions adopted by the company in an effort to commercialize these technologies in a North American market dominated by a few corporate giants.
The Black Death of the late Middle Ages is often described as the greatest natural disaster in the history of humankind. More than fifty million people, half of Europe’s population, died during the first outbreak alone from 1347 to 1353. Plague then returned fifteen more times through to the end of the medieval period in 1500, posing the greatest challenge to physicians ever recorded in the history of the medical profession. This engrossing book provides the only comprehensive history of the medical response to the Black Death over time. Leading historian John Aberth has translated many unknown plague treatises from nine different languages that vividly illustrate the human dimensions of the horrific scourge. He includes doctors’ remarkable personal anecdotes, showing how their battles to combat the disease (which often afflicted them personally) and the scale and scope of the plague led many to question ancient authorities. Dispelling many myths and misconceptions about medicine during the Middle Ages, Aberth shows that plague doctors formulated a unique and far-reaching response as they began to treat plague as a poison, a conception that had far-reaching implications, both in terms of medical treatment and social and cultural responses to the disease in society as a whole.
This book presents a detailed and surprising history of money from Charlemagne's reform in approximately AD800 to the end of the Silver Wars in 1896. It also summarizes twentieth century developments and places them in their historical context.
The field of biochemistry is entering an exciting era in which genomic information is being integrated into molecular-level descriptions of the physical processes that make life possible. The Molecules of Life is a new textbook that provides an integrated physical and biochemical foundation for undergraduate students majoring in biology or health s
Integrating recent research on the physiology and modelling of bioreactions and bioreactors, the authors present a comprehensive, unified introduction to the principles and practices of the field. The work features nearly 100 detailed design examples and problems, many of which are suitable for hands-on demonstrations on a personal computer or for expanded research. The text will serve as a highly instructive guide for students in bioengineering and biotechnology, as well as biochemical, chemical, and environmental engineering.
Moving into the Ecumenical Future identifies some necessary “foundations” of any paradigm for Ecumenical Ethics. It emphasizes the guidance of the Holy Spirit, the teaching and example of Jesus, biblical foundations, and pastoral relationships in developing paradigms for Ecumenical Ethics. The book suggests that virtue ethics is an important paradigm that includes these elements. The text explores how the Faith and Order “Tool,” Receptive Ecumenism, Differentiated Consensus, Internal Polarities, and Spiritual Discernment can be used to move toward moral consensus. The author calls for a national or international task force to explore these foundations in greater depth.
A former soldier who becomes a San Francisco police homicide investigator after the war, Vince Torelli is dedicated, intelligent and highly principled--all skills that serve him well given the difficult, almost impossible murder investigations he's assigned to handle that force him to the razor edge with equally resolute, extremely ruthless masterminds. There's a vigilante killer loose in San Francisco, and when the justice system fails, he doles out his own brand of justice. Homicide Inspector Vince Torelli has handled some of the city's worst murders, but this case has him baffled. It seems no matter what he does, the killer manages to stay one step ahead of him, anticipating his every move. The false clues and trail the killer leaves keeps Vince chasing shadows as the body count rises. Will he discover the killer's identity and will he survive long enough to bring him to justice?
The new edition of the cornerstone text on electrochemistry Spans all the areas of electrochemistry, from the basics of thermodynamics and electrode kinetics to transport phenomena in electrolytes, metals, and semiconductors. Newly updated and expanded, the Third Edition covers important new treatments, ideas, and technologies while also increasing the book's accessibility for readers in related fields. Rigorous and complete presentation of the fundamental concepts In-depth examples applying the concepts to real-life design problems Homework problems ranging from the reinforcing to the highly thought-provoking Extensive bibliography giving both the historical development of the field and references for the practicing electrochemist.
This novel, seen through the eyes of a British officer, imagines how the experience was for some of the Chinese. What did the world’s most populous country contribute to World War One? Not much, apart from the 140,000 labourers who signed up to work on the Western Front and found themselves under a casually-racist military jurisdiction. The Chinese Attack dramatises their situation through the eyes of 2nd Lieutenant Jack Reynolds, sent to find evidence of unfolding mutiny among them after he himself has been charged with inciting protest at the War’s direction – this a consequence of the loss of his men in a futile decoy attack at the Battle of Passchendaele. Jack’s growing realisation that he is being used to further injustice leads him to rebel and fight to stop his Chinese charges’ being sacrificed to mindless prejudice. Against a backdrop of the chaos unleashed by the Allied collapse in the Spring of 1918, Jack’s mission to save his servant Tien becomes a pell-mell dash for freedom to escape from the firing squad. In the course of which he struggles to regain his own will to live. While the central plot is fiction, the routine experiences of the Chinese are based on fact and bring to life a neglected aspect of the War, which both contributed to post-war Chinese political and economic developments and fed the anti-imperialist propaganda of more recent Chinese governments.
Unique interdisciplinary approach enables readers to overcome complex design challenges Integrating concepts from chemistry, physics, materials science, metallurgy, and ceramics, Principles of Inorganic Materials Design, Second Edition offers a unique interdisciplinary approach that enables readers to grasp the complexities of inorganic materials. The book provides a solid foundation in the principles underlying the design of inorganic materials and then offers the guidance and tools needed to create specific materials with desired macroscopic properties. Principles of Inorganic Materials Design, Second Edition begins with an introduction to structure at the microscopic level and then progresses to smaller-length scales. Next, the authors explore both phenomenological and atomistic-level descriptions of transport properties, the metal?nonmetal transition, magnetic and dielectric properties, optical properties, and mechanical properties. Lastly, the book covers phase equilibria, synthesis, and nanomaterials. Special features include: Introduction to the CALPHAD method, an important, but often overlooked topic More worked examples and new end-of-chapter problems to help ensure mastery of the concepts Extensive references to the literature for more in-depth coverage of particular topics Biographies introducing twentieth-century pioneers in the field of inorganic materials science This Second Edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, incorporating the latest findings and featuring expanded discussions of such key topics as microstructural aspects, density functional theory, dielectric properties, mechanical properties, and nanomaterials. Armed with this text, students and researchers in inorganic and physical chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering will be equipped to overcome today's complex design challenges. This textbook is recommended for senior-level undergraduate and graduate course work.
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