Johannes Urpelainen's Books

Energy and Environment in India

The Politics of a Chronic Crisis

By: Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Energy and Environment in India

The Politics of a Chronic Crisis

By: Johannes Urpelainen

India is driving some of the most important trends in global energy markets—with vast environmental implications. As the country grows wealthier, Indians are buying more cars, air conditioners, plane tickets, and other goods that increase demand for fossil fuels. At the same time, the country still faces widespread poverty, and it struggles to address persistent environmental and energy-sector problems, from frequent power outages to a significant number of deaths linked to air pollution. Johannes Urpelainen provides an expert guide to India’s energy and environmental issues that incorporates both domestic and global perspectives. He details how unequal economic development and rapid population growth have brought the country to its current state: a potential engine of the world economy hampered by environmental hazards and energy poverty. Urpelainen argues that institutional shortcomings have led wealthier Indians to find private solutions that protect them from threats such as air pollution and heat waves, but exclude the poor. The retreat of the rich limits the state’s ability to regulate the energy sector or address environmental degradation. Urpelainen examines India’s most severe environmental crises, considering how climate disruptions are affecting the country’s present and future. He analyzes India’s role in global environmental politics and assesses the prospects of achieving a more sustainable society. Useful and accessible, this book also offers pragmatic solutions to help overcome the constraints on effective energy and environmental policy.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

131

Publisher

Columbia University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0231551029

ISBN 13

9780231551021

Cutting the Gordian Knot of Economic Reform

When and how International Institutions Help

By: Leonardo Baccini,Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Cutting the Gordian Knot of Economic Reform

When and how International Institutions Help

By: Leonardo Baccini,Johannes Urpelainen

During the past two decades, governments across the developing world have implemented many liberal economic reforms. Cutting the Gordian Knot of Economic Reform shows that international institutions -- formal agreements that govern policy formation in member states -- made possible some of the most important reforms in developing countries. It takes a comparative look at developing countries that have engaged in preferential trading agreements with the United States and European Union to develop a theory of when and how leaders enter into international institutions to effect economic reform.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

281

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0199388997

ISBN 13

9780199388998

Renewables

The Politics of a Global Energy Transition

By: Michael Aklin,Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Renewables

The Politics of a Global Energy Transition

By: Michael Aklin,Johannes Urpelainen

A comprehensive political analysis of the rapid growth in renewable wind and solar power, mapping an energy transition through theory, case studies, and policy. Wind and solar are the most dynamic components of the global power sector. How did this happen? After the 1973 oil crisis, the limitations of an energy system based on fossil fuels created an urgent need to experiment with alternatives, and some pioneering governments reaped political gains by investing heavily in alternative energy such as wind or solar power. Public policy enabled growth over time, and economies of scale brought down costs dramatically. In this book, Michaël Aklin and Johannes Urpelainen offer a comprehensive political analysis of the rapid growth in renewable wind and solar power, mapping an energy transition through theory, case studies, and policy analysis. Aklin and Urpelainen argue that, because the fossil fuel energy system and political support for it are so entrenched, only an external shock—an abrupt rise in oil prices, or a nuclear power accident, for example—allows renewable energy to grow. They analyze the key factors that enable renewable energy to withstand political backlash, andt they draw on this analyisis to explain and predict the development of renewable energy in different countries over time. They examine the pioneering efforts in the United States, Germany, and Denmark after the 1973 oil crisis and other shocks; explain why the United States surrendered its leadership role in renewable energy; and trace the recent rapid growth of modern renewables in electricity generation, describing, among other things, the return of wind and solar to the United States. Finally, they apply the lessons of their analysis to contemporary energy policy issues.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

345

Publisher

MIT Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0262534940

ISBN 13

9780262534949

Activism and the Fossil Fuel Industry

By: Andrew Cheon,Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Activism and the Fossil Fuel Industry

By: Andrew Cheon,Johannes Urpelainen

In less than a decade, activism against the fossil fuel industry has exploded across the globe. While environmentalists used to focus on legislative goals, such as carbon emissions trading or renewable energy policies, today the most prominent activists directly attack the fossil fuel industry. This timely book offers a comprehensive evaluation of different types of activism, the success and impact of campaigns and activities, and suggestions as to ways forward. This book is the first systematic treatment of the anti-fossil fuel movement in the United States. An accessible and readable text, it is an essential reference for scholars, policymakers, activists, and citizens interested in climate change, fossil fuels, and environmental sustainability. The entire book or chapters from it can be used as required or supplementary material in various courses at the undergraduate and graduate level. As the book is not technically challenging but contains a comprehensive review of climate change, fossil fuels, and the literature on environmental activism, it can be used as an accessible introduction to the anti-fossil fuel campaign across disciplines.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

254

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1351173103

ISBN 13

9781351173100

Escaping the Energy Poverty Trap

When and How Governments Power the Lives of the Poor

By: Michael Aklin,Patrick Bayer,S.P. Harish,Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Escaping the Energy Poverty Trap

When and How Governments Power the Lives of the Poor

By: Michael Aklin,Patrick Bayer,S.P. Harish,Johannes Urpelainen

The first comprehensive political science account of energy poverty, arguing that governments can improve energy access for their citizens through appropriate policy design. In today's industrialized world, almost everything we do consumes energy. While industrialized countries enjoy all the amenities of modern energy, more than a billion people in the developing world still lack energy access. Why is energy poverty persistent in some countries and not in others? Offering the first comprehensive political science account of energy poverty, Escaping the Energy Poverty Trap explores why governments have or have not been able to lead in providing modern energy to their least advantaged citizens. Focusing on access to modern cooking fuels and household electrification, the authors develop a new political-economic theory that introduces government interest, institutional capacity, and local accountability as key determinants of energy access. They draw on case studies from India, East Asia, Africa, and Latin America to offer the optimistic conclusion that governments can improve institutional capacity and local accountability through appropriate policy design. Energy poverty is a policy problem, the authors assert, and engaging with it as such offers new opportunities not only for ensuring equal energy access, but also for political, economic, and environmental development.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

351

Publisher

MIT Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0262349310

ISBN 13

9780262349314

Global Environmental Politics

The Transformative Role of Emerging Economies

By: Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Global Environmental Politics

The Transformative Role of Emerging Economies

By: Johannes Urpelainen

Emerging economies have fundamentally transformed global environmental politics. Led by China and India, they increasingly make or break international negotiations, which now require agreement among a large number of governments with widely varied preferences. Emerging economies—which still suffer from widespread poverty and frequently struggle with policy implementation—often feel that Western-led initiatives neglect their needs. What does the global environmental policy landscape look like in the age of a rising Global South? This book explains why emerging economies have come to dominate global environmental politics and examines the implications for future international cooperation. Johannes Urpelainen shows that emerging economies continue to prioritize economic growth and often have limited institutional capacity to contain the environmental destruction that it causes. However, he argues, despite barriers to cooperation, innovative bargaining and institutional design offer a way forward. Bottom-up agreements that respect national sovereignty and invest in capacity building hold more promise than traditional top-down treaties with binding commitments. The book features detailed discussions of attempts to address hazardous chemicals, loss of biodiversity, and climate change; a comparative analysis of China and India; and case studies of nine other emerging economies around the world. Global Environmental Politics is an essential, forward-looking overview of today’s most pressing international issue.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

206

Publisher

Columbia University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0231553773

ISBN 13

9780231553773

Incentivizing Peace

How International Organizations Can Help Prevent Civil Wars in Member Countries

By: Jaroslav Tir,Johannes Karreth

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Incentivizing Peace

How International Organizations Can Help Prevent Civil Wars in Member Countries

By: Jaroslav Tir,Johannes Karreth

Civil wars are among the most difficult problems in world politics. While mediation, intervention, and peacekeeping have produced some positive results in helping to end civil wars, they fall short in preventing them in the first place. In Incentivizing Peace, Jaroslav Tir and Johannes Karreth show that considering civil wars from a developmental perspective presents opportunities to prevent the escalation of nascent armed conflicts into full-scale civil wars. The authors demonstrate that highly-structured intergovernmental organizations (IGOs such as the World Bank, IMF, or regional development banks) are particularly well-positioned to engage in civil war prevention. When such IGOs have been actively engaged in nations on the edge, their potent economic tools have helped to steer rebel-government interactions away from escalation and toward peaceful settlement. Incentivizing Peace provides enlightening case evidence that IGO participation is a key to better predicting, and thus preventing, the outbreak of civil war.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

273

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

019069954X

ISBN 13

9780190699543

Reform Capacity

By: Johannes Lindvall

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Reform Capacity

By: Johannes Lindvall

It is often said that effective government requires a concentration of power. If we want our political leaders to adjust public policies to changing economic, social, and political circumstances, we should, in this view, leave our leaders alone: we should put in place electoral procedures that identify a clear winner in each election, and then we should let the winning political party govern without having to cooperate with others. The argument of this book is that this view is mistaken, since it seriously underestimates the ability of political decision makers to overcome democratic paralysis by compensating losers (groups that stand to lose from a reform). Reform capacity - the ability of political decision makers to adopt and implement policy changes that benefit society as a whole - can therefore be achieved in both power-concentration systems (which enable governments to ignore losers) and power-sharing systems (where governments build support for reform by compensating losers). If political decision makers are able to solve the bargaining problems that sometimes complicate negotiations between winners and losers, power-sharing systems have certain advantages over power-concentration systems. The book argues that power sharing can lead to high reform capacity in societies where interest groups are powerful enough to block reforms; the book also argues that power sharing can lead to high reform capacity when reforms have short-term costs and long-term benefits, since power sharing helps to correct some of the short-sightedness that is inherent in democratic policymaking.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

223

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191079464

ISBN 13

9780191079467

Organizing Democracy

How International Organizations Assist New Democracies

By: Paul Poast,Johannes Urpelainen

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Organizing Democracy

How International Organizations Assist New Democracies

By: Paul Poast,Johannes Urpelainen

In the past twenty-five years, a number of countries have made the transition to democracy. The support of international organizations is essential to success on this difficult path. Yet, despite extensive research into the relationship between democratic transitions and membership in international organizations, the mechanisms underlying the relationship remain unclear. With Organizing Democracy, Paul Poast and Johannes Urpelainen argue that leaders of transitional democracies often have to draw on the support of international organizations to provide the public goods and expertise needed to consolidate democratic rule. Looking at the Baltic states’ accession to NATO, Poast and Urpelainen provide a compelling and statistically rigorous account of the sorts of support transitional democracies draw from international institutions. They also show that, in many cases, the leaders of new democracies must actually create new international organizations to better serve their needs, since they may not qualify for help from existing ones.

Average ratings

N/A