- How do unconscious motivational needs (i.e., implicit motives) influence physiological, cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to incentives? - How can implicit motives be measured? - How are they shaped by culture, how do they influence political and societal processes? - Why are they often mismatched with the explicit beliefs people have about their motivational needs and what are the consequences of such mismatches? - How can we use knowledge about implicit motives in clinical, business, and school contexts to help people achieve their goals? These are some of the topics this comprehensive book presents in 18 clearly written chapters, contributed by leading authorities in the field. It represents a state-of-the-art reference for all researchers and practitioners interested in human motivation. Bringing together exciting new research on a central topic in human motivation, this volume is an important addition to the libraries of personality, social, and cognitive psychologists, affective and social neuroscientists, clinical psychologists, as well as graduate students in these fields and practitioners.
The diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders, is being made with increasing frequency over the past decade owing to increased recognition, improved understanding, and an aging population. This book, completely updated since the first edition, summarizes in a concise and focused way the current knowledge of all aspects of MDS. Clinical presentation, etiology, epidemiology, molecular biology, classification, and staging are all discussed. Clear guidance is provided on diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies are explained in detail, including administration of hematopoietic growth factors, biologically based treatment, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and supportive care. Additional chapter is devoted to MDS in children. This practically oriented book will be of value to a broad spectrum of students and practitioners in the field.
In the first part of this volume the nitrogen-containing compounds of molybdenum are described. The Mo-N system shows that M0 N and MoN are the stable nitrides. MOlybdenum 2 metal dissolves nitrogen to some extent but only at high temperatures. To get better insight into the reactions between nitrogen and molybdenum, the solubility, diffusion, adsorption and desorption phenomena, and ion bombardment are included in the section of the Mo-N system. M0 N has a large range of homogeneity toward lower nitrogen concentrations. The black 2 hexagonal MoN has only a narrow range of homogeneity. In addition some molybdenum compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen are known. The second part contains a full description of the compounds of molybdenum with fluorine. The fluorides MoF n with n ~ 2 are metastable while those with n = 3 to 6 are stable and have been observed in the Mo-F system. Pure MoF can exist without traces of oxygen, in co nt rast 3 to earlier assumptions. MoF was unambigously prepared and characterized in 1957. Its crystal 4 structure is still unknown. MoF is often contaminated with the oxide fluoride MoOF and it is s 4 difficult to remove. Even sm all amounts affect the properties of MoF . MoF , which is liquid at s 6 room temperature and solidifies to a "plastic" crystal modification below ca. 17SC, is the most investigated of all the molybdenum fluorides.
Winner, 2013 PROSE Award, Engineering and Technology Concise, high quality and comparative overview of state-of-the-art electron device development, manufacturing technologies and applications Guide to State-of-the-Art Electron Devices marks the 60th anniversary of the IRE electron devices committee and the 35th anniversary of the IEEE Electron Devices Society, as such it defines the state-of-the-art of electron devices, as well as future directions across the entire field. Spans full range of electron device types such as photovoltaic devices, semiconductor manufacturing and VLSI technology and circuits, covered by IEEE Electron and Devices Society Contributed by internationally respected members of the electron devices community A timely desk reference with fully-integrated colour and a unique lay-out with sidebars to highlight the key terms Discusses the historical developments and speculates on future trends to give a more rounded picture of the topics covered A valuable resource R&D managers; engineers in the semiconductor industry; applied scientists; circuit designers; Masters students in power electronics; and members of the IEEE Electron Device Society.
Cryoelectron microscopy of biological molecules is among the hottest growth areas in biophysics and structural biology at present, and Frank is arguably the most distinguished practitioner of this art. CryoEM is likely over the next few years to take over much of the structural approaches currently requiring X-ray crystallography, because one can now get good and finely detailed images of single molecules down to as little as 200,000 MW, covering a substantial share of the molecules of greatest biomedical research interest. This book, the successor to an earlier work published in 1996 with Academic Press, is a natural companion work to our forthcoming book on electron crystallography by Robert Glaeser, with contributions by six others, including Frank. A growing number of workers will employ CryoEM for structural studies in their own research, and a large proportion of biomedical researchers will have a growing interest in understanding what the capabilities and limits of this approach are.
In the first single-author account of German history from the Reformation to the early nineteenth century since Hajo Holborn's study written in the 1950s, Dr Whaley provides a full account of the history of the Holy Roman Empire. Volume II extends from the Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich.
France and Germany have played a pivotal role in European politics and integration. Shaping Europe systematically investigates the interrelated reality of Franco-German bilateralism and multilateral European integration from the Elysée Treaty into the Twenty-first Century.
This title was first published in 2002: Although the economic integration of the European Union is far-advanced, its social dimension remains under-developed. Often there is uncertainty about, and lack of information on, the economic, social and legal situation of employees in the other EU countries. This study investigates this situation. It acknowledges the term "Europeanization" as being in no way clearly defined, but offers an interpretation of the Europeanization of industrial relations as a socio-political process, with the main focus the change within the plant and organization. Industrial relations in Germany are used as a point of reference against which selected aspects of industrial relations in France, the UK, and Italy are compared and contrasted. Specific areas of study include: workplace and company organization; collective bargaining; trade unions and employers' associations; and government regulations and legislative standardization.
The Unidroit Principles of International Contracts, first published in 1994, have met with extraordinary success in the legal and business community worldwide. Prepared by a group of eminent experts from all major legal systems of the world, they provide a comprehensive set of rules for international commercial contracts. This new edition of An International Restatement of Contract Law is the first comprehensive introduction to the Unidroit Principles 2004. In addition, it provides an extensive survey and analysis of the actual use of the Unidroit Principles in practice with special emphasis on the different ways in which they have been interpreted and applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals in the hundred or so cases reported worldwide. The book also contains the full text of the Preamble and the 180 articles of the Unidroit Principles 2004 in Chinese, English, French, German, Italian and Russian as well as the 1994 edition in Spanish.
The 21st edition of this standard reference book – now published in English for the first time – provides indispensable, hands-on information for the delivery room, as well as before and after childbirth. The book combines proven facts and techniques with new insights through a consistent focus on practical and applied knowledge. All of those involved in the care of pregnant, laboring, and postnatal women and newborn can benefit from the established didactic concept of this book.
The Unidroit Principles of International Contracts, first published in 1994, have met with extraordinary success in the legal and business community worldwide. Prepared by a group of eminent experts from all major legal systems of the world, they provide a comprehensive set of rules for international commercial contracts. Available in more than 20 language versions, they are increasingly being used by national legislatures as a source of inspiration in law reform projects, by lawyers as guidelines in contract negotiations and by arbitrators as a legal basis for the settlement of disputes. In 2004 a new edition of the Unidroit Principles was approved, containing five new chapters and adaptations to take into account electronic contracting. This new edition of An International Restatement of Contract Law is the first comprehensive introduction to the Unidroit Principles 2004. In addition, it provides an extensive survey and analysis of the actual use of the Unidroit Principles in practice with special emphasis on the different ways in which they have been interpreted and applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals in the hundred or so cases reported worldwide. The book also contains the full text of the Preamble and the 180 articles of the Unidroit Principles 2004 in Chinese, English, French, German, Italian and Russian as well as the 1994 edition in Spanish. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.
Silicon, the basic material for a multibillion-dollar industry, is the most widely researched and applied semiconductor, and its surfaces are the most thoroughly studied of all semiconductor surfaces. Silicon Surfaces and Formation of Interfaces may be used as an introduction to graduate-level physics and chemical physics. Moreover, it gives a specialized and comprehensive description of the most common faces of silicon crystals as well as their interaction with adsorbates and overlayers. This knowledge is presented in a systematic and easy-to-follow way. Discussion of each system is preceded by a brief overview which categorizes the features and physical mechanisms before the details are presented. The literature is easily available, and the references are numerous and organized in tables, allowing a search without the need to browse through the text.Though this volume focuses on a scientific understanding of physics on the atomistic and mesoscopic levels, it also highlights existing and potential links between basic research in surface science and applications in the silicon industry. It will be valuable to anyone writing a paper, thesis, or proposal in the field of silicon surfaces.
In democracies of advanced plurality, religion is a contested and powerful part of public discussions and practices. Today, religious difference is articulated and negotiated controversially in interaction with other spheres of society. While there are clear tendencies of increasing polarization, we also encounter moments of acknowledgement and appreciation of plurality. Facing these complexities and challenges of our time, this volume scrutinizes contested practices where religious difference matters. Committed to an interdisciplinary exchange between theology, the study of religion and political philosophy, this volume is grounded in the attention for concrete practices and phenomena as well as the conviction that difference is both a productive concept and an enriching experience. Exploring practices of shared places, sexuality, justice and the commitment to the human being in education, migration and violent conflicts, the volume as a whole contributes to the analysis of contested social and political practices in order to investigate the significance and role of religion in contemporary societies, and thus it further develops theoretical reflection about religion in contemporary research.
A comprehensive survey of the topic, ranging from basic molecular research to clinical applications. Critical reviews by leading experts in each field summarize the state of knowledge and discuss the anticipated benefits of novel approaches and strategies. These include the impact of modern analysis techniques on glycobiology, the use of synthetic neoglycoproteins, or the clinical consequences of new insights into the physiological role of lectins and glycoconjugates in pathology, oncology, immunity, neuroscience and reproduction medicine. Throughout, the aim is to separate realistic applications from mere hopes.
This is the first in a series of volumes concerned with research encompassed by the rather broad term "environment and behavior. " The goal of the series is to begin the process of integration of knowledge on environmental and behavioral topics so that researchers and professionals can have material from diverse sources accessible in a single publication. The field of environment and behavior is broad and interdiscipli nary, with researchers drawn from a variety of traditional disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, geography, and other social and behavioral sciences, and from the biological and life sciences of medicine, psychiatry, biology, and ethology. The interdis ciplinary quality of the field is also reflected in the extensive involve ment of environmental professionals from architecture, urban plan ning, landscape architecture, interior design, and other fields such as recreation and natural resources, to name just a few. At present, the field has a somewhat chaotic flavor, with research being carried out by a variety of scholars who publish in a multitude of outlets. Many researchers and practitioners are unaware of the state of knowledge regarding a specific topic because of the unavailability of integrated reference materials. There are only a handful of books dealing with environment and behavior, most of them unintegrated collections of readings, with only an occasional systematic analysis of some facet of the field.
The Nazi Years brings together documents that tell the whole essential story of National Socialism, from its obscure ideological beginnings to its seizure of power to the exercise of that power in Germany and abroadto the bitter end of the Third Reich. Historian Joachim Remak has collected, and has introduced with illuminating commentaries, key letters, speeches, memoirs, political tracts, secret memos and tabulationswritten by the actors, victims, or simple witnesses of the time. Here is the fanatical enthusiasm of dedicated Nazis as revealed in their own writingsa catalog of anti-Semitism and propaganda, volkisch idealism and pan-Germanism, ideas of natural selection and race eugenics. Here too is the history of sincere but ill-fated resistance to Nazism by church people and plain citizens, of the anti-Nazi underground, and of Count von Stauffenbergs plot to assassinate Hitler. Now available from Waveland Press, these vivid accounts by Germans at every level of society and of every political and moral persuasion provide a shattering view of one of the most terrible, tempestuous periods of modern history.
In the era of bourgeois modernity (1750–1900), the family is as valued as it is vulnerable. It constitutes a community of care, conflict, and emotion. Time and again, it is evoked as a bond of love as well as a moral institution. Yet both love and morality are fragile. A more detailed exploration reveals that domestic life during this period was much more colorful, open, and dynamic – and also more prone to crisis – than one might expect given the vaunted view of the family that characterized the heyday of the bourgeoisie. This book rewrites the history of the modern family. Self-narratives – primarily diaries – written by members of eight families from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria serve as sources for this research. The focus extends far beyond the bourgeoisie. With a micro-historical eye, the author reconstructs family histories from the peasant milieu to the patrician elite, from the parsonage to the educated bourgeoisie; he considers the domestic life of a journeyman craftsman, a couple’s descent from the ranks of the petite bourgeoisie, the effects of an itinerant childhood among the proletariat, and the strain of being caught between a bourgeois family and artistic individuality. Many of these aspects point beyond bourgeois modernity to the family in our time.
This volume C 1 is the first supplement volume to "Phosphor" C which was published in 1965 and covers the compounds of phosphorus. Starting with the binary species formed between phosphorus and hydrogen, the present volume deals with the neutral mononuclear compounds PH through PH ; the ions featuring the same stoichiometric composition are s covered in separate sections. PH and PH are the major initial gaseous decomposition products of PH and, thus, also 2 J intermediates in many of its gas-phase reactions. Both molecules and their ions have been thoroughly investigated by a variety of modern, high-resolution spectroscopic methods during the last three decades. The coverage of their physical, and mostly molecular, properties re presents the largest part of the first two chapters (PH and ions pp. 2 to 47; PH and ions pp. 47 2 to 111). PH is the only compound described in this volume which is thermally stable under normal J conditions. It is the phosphorus analog of ammonia, but exhibits, however, a quite different chemical behavior towards most elements and compounds. The majority of its physical, and in particular spectroscopic, properties have been determined in great detail since the sixties, partially in regard to spectroscopic investigations of the atmospheres of the outer planets.
This sixteenth-century German guide to sword fighting and combat training is a crucial source for understanding medieval swordplay techniques. Following his translation of Joachim Meyer’s The Art of Combat, Jeffrey L. Forgeng was alerted to an earlier version of Meyer’s text, discovered in Lund University Library in Sweden. The manuscript, produced in Strasbourg around 1568, is illustrated with thirty watercolor images and seven ink diagrams. The text covers combat with the longsword (hand-and-a-half sword), dusack (a one-handed practice weapon comparable to a sabre), and rapier. The manuscript’s theoretical discussion of guards sheds significant light on this key feature of the historical practice, not just in relation to Meyer but in relation to medieval combat systems in general. The Art of Sword Combat also offers an extensive repertoire of training drills for both the dusack and the rapier, a feature largely lacking in treatises of the period and critical to modern reconstructions of the practice. Forgeng’s translation also includes a biography of Meyer, much of which has only recently come to light, as well as technical terminology and other essential information for understanding and contextualizing the work.
Many drugs and other xenobiotics (e.g., preservatives, insecticides, and plastifiers) contain hydrolyzable moieties such as ester or amide groups. In biological media, such foreign compounds are, therefore, important substrates for hydrolytic reactions catalyzed by hydrolases or proceeding non-enzymatically. Despite their significance, until now, no book has been dedicated to hydrolysis and hydrolases in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics. This work fills a gap in the literature and reviews metabolic reactions of hydrolysis and hydarion from the point of views of enzymes, substrates, and reactions.
At the end of the nineteenth century, controversy arose as to precisely when the first glial cells originate during development of the central nervous system, and to date, the issue has not been satisfactorily resolved. His (1889, 1890) noted that, even in the earliest developmental stages of the germinallayer, there appeared to be two distinct cell types. The cells which he called Spongioblasten were thought to be glial precursors from which all mature glial cells derive; Keimzellen, in contrast, were regarded as forming 1 neurons. His was working on the assumption that the very first preneurons migrate into a preexisting framework of glial eelIs. In contrast to this view, Schaper (1897) regarded both Keimzellen and Spongioblasten as belonging to a common population of proliferating and pluripotent stem cells which begin differentiation into glial and neuronal cells at late developmental stages. It is this latter view which is the basis of the most recent studies on the subject (e. g., Caley and Maxwell1968a, 1968b; DeVitry et al. 1980). The concept of one common stem cell seemed to be supported both by experiments using 3H-thymidine autoradiography (Fujita 1963, 1965b, 1966; Sauer and Walker 1959; Sidman et al. 1959) and by ultrastructural studies (Fu jita 1966; Hinds and Ruffet 1971; Wechseler and Meller 1967) indicating that structural differences, which His presumably used to define his two cell types, could be related to different stages of the mitotic cycle.
This book provides readers with the fundamentals necessary for understanding thermal spray technology. Coverage includes in-depth discussions of various thermal spray processes, feedstock materials, particle-jet interactions, and associated yet very critical topics: diagnostics, current and emerging applications, surface science, and pre and post-treatment. This book will serve as an invaluable resource as a textbook for graduate courses in the field and as an exhaustive reference for professionals involved in thermal spray technology.
The field of "Environment-and-Behavior" This bibliography is aimed at the researcher and advanced student working in the field of environmental psychology, as it has come to be designated over the past decade. A more appropriate term might be "environment-behavior studies," to suggest the important characteristic of this field as one that transcends the province of the psychologist, and brings together workers, as well as problems, methods, and concepts from a great diversity of disciplines and professional fields. Among these we may include geography and sociology, architecture, landscape architecture and planning, forestry, natural resource management and leisure and recreation research -- to name only the most important of the diverse fields from which material for this bibliography has been drawn. This is in fact one of the primary reasons for our belief in the value of such a volume. The literature in the environment-behavior field is scattered through the most diverse sources, including not only the major periodical and monographic literature in each of the above-mentioned disciplines and professions (and others as well), but also a variety of more specialized publications of varying degrees of accessibility. Thus it seemed to us helpful to the researcher, teacher and student in this area to bring this far-flung literature together in a single volume, that might be used as a guide to the field. We aimed at a comprehensive treatment, including both basic and applied aspects, and relations of behavior both to the man-made or artificial and to the natural environment.
Some years ago the Gmelin Institute started to supplement the volumes on halogens and halogen compounds. For the elements chlorine and fluorine these supplementary volumes have already been finished. For the element bromine the volume A 1 is also available. Now the volume B 1 will be published starting with the description of the compounds of bromine. The present volume describes the compounds of bromine with rare gases and with hydrogen. The volume is dominated by the description of HBr and its aqueous solution, hydrobromic acid. Chemical and physical properties of the diatomic molecule HBr are extremely well studied by modern methods. Thus detailed descriptions are given of gas-phase properties, spectra, and properties of condensed phases. Emphasis is laid on elementary reaction processes such as energy transfer and single reaction steps for HBr formation and decomposition. These studies have become classics of modern reaction kinetics. Likewise, elementary reactions of HBr and Br- with nonmetallic compounds are described comprehensively.
This volume describes the isotopes, atoms, atomic ions, molecules, and clusters of the six platinum group elements Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt. It starts with a compilation of the properties of the isotopes, followed by the description of the formation and separation of the radioactive isotopes. The chapters on the atoms and atomic ions deal with the configuration of the outer-shell electrons, manifested by optical terms and spectra, ionization energy, and electron affinity, as weil as with the energy levels of the inner-shell electrons, manifested by X-ray spectra and Auger electron spectra. The last section gives information on the formation and the physical properties of the plati num group molecules and clusters. Most of the contributions are written by extern al experts (for details, see the back of the titte page). One of the authors (Prof. Y. Cauchois) thanks Dr. M. Othmane for his constant and efficient cooperation in the treatment of the drafts and the checking of the proofs. Frankfurt am Main, January 1989 Dieter Koschel XI Table 0' Contents Page 1 Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt Isotopes 1.1 Introductory Remarks . . . . .
The rare occurrence of tumors of the facial skeleton, whether of dental origin (odontogenic) or arising from bone (osteogenic), makes it impossible for a single observer to appreciate fully the epi demiologic and clinical behavior of these lesions, even if he controls the case material of a large institution. The systematic cooperation of many scientists is necessary in order to compile a meaningful body of information and make that information accessible for study. On the initiative of one of the authors (B.S.), the German-Austrian Swiss Association for the Study of Tumors of the Face and Jaws (DOSAK) resolved in 1971 to establish a special registry for tumors of the facial skeleton, including odontogenic lesions. This registry has been integrated into the bone tumor registry at the Swiss Asso ciation for Pathology in the Department of Pathology of the Uni versity of Basel. In 1974 DOSAK sponsored a symposium on odontogenic and os teogenic tumors of the jaws, at which illustrative cases were pre sented and discussed. These discussions revealed the problematic nature of these tumors and prompted a number of reclassifications, including some changes from benign to malignant and vice versa. It was found that radical and in some cases mutilating operations would not have been justified on the basis of the new classification. The discussions also underscored the importance of considering all factors - epidemiologic, clinical, radiologic and pathohistologi- when establishing a diagnosis.
In this monograph, Joachim Baumann provides in-depth coverage of essential research issues; namely, mechanisms for locating and terminating mobile agents and for orphan detection in a mobile agent system. The reader will gain insights into the design and implementation of three control mechanisms for use in mobile agent systems: the energy concept, the path concept, and the shadow concept. The author examines these mechanisms and offers a solid argument as to why they would be better choices over existing mechanisms with respect to message complexity, migration delay, and availability. All in all, this book is an outstanding contribution to advancing the science of mobile agents and it will help the community better understand how to tame mobile agents.
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