In The Kazakh Khanates between the Russian and Qing Empires, Jin Noda examines the foreign relations of the Kazakh Chinggisid sultans and the Russian and Qing empires during the 18th and 19th centuries. Noda makes use of both Russian and Qing archival documents as well as local Islamic sources. Through analysis of each party’s claims –mainly reflected in the Russian-Qing negotiations regarding Central Eurasia–, the book describes the role played by the Kazakh nomads in tying together the three regions of eastern Kazakh steppe, Western Siberia, and Xinjiang.
In this proceedings volume, the following topics are discussed: systems and design; blanket and first wall technology of fission and fusion reactors; fission and fusion materials; radiation damage analysis; calculation codes; databases.
In the 21st century, with China’s rise and the United States(U.S.)’ relative decline, the U.S.-China relationship together with strategic environment in Northeast Asia is changing. China is expanding its influence from Northeast Asia to Southeast Asia and Central Asia. As a result, China is forming a new type of ‘check and balance,’ and ‘cooperation and conflict’ with the U.S. in Southeast Asia and Russia in Central Asia. Such changes in China’s foreign relations policy and strategy as well as the strategic environment in Northeast Asia will have a higher possibility of influencing the unification on the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely analyze the international situation surrounding the Korean Peninsula and to examine China’s foreign relations with countries in Northeast Asia, Central Asia and Southeast Asia. This research provides the analysis of China’s external relations policy in these three regions to understand the international circumstances surrounding the Korean Peninsula. The research aims to form the basis for the future unification diplomatic strategy. The first part of this book explains China’s major diplomatic relationships towards four East Asian countries: Japan, Russia, North Korea, and Taiwan. This chapter particularly provides a keen analysis of developments of each relationship and discusses how China initiates its diplomatic strategy and embodies its four major diplomatic relationships. Next part analyzes China’s aggressive foreign policy in Central Asia. This part suggests that China’s active policies towards Central Asian countries during the past decade is due to the increased importance of the region to China for the following aspects: national security, geopolitical location, energy and market. Considering the aforementioned factors, China’s enhanced influence in the region and intensified relations with the neighboring countries are mainly examined. The last part explores Southeast Asia’s foreign policy in the context of the rise of the G2 rivalry, focusing on Cambodia, Vietnam, and Myanmar. This part emphasizes the importance of Southeast Asia for the U.S. and China from a geopolitical perspective. Then, it goes on how each nation formed and developed its relationship with the U.S. and China, what each country’s national interest is, how they influence their foreign polices toward the two big giants, and how each country shape their policies in response to the conflictual and suspicious relationship between Washington and Beijing. In sum, this study provides an in-depth analysis of China’s overall diplomatic strategy. It is particularly significant for the policy-makers in South Korea and other countries to understand China’s external relations in the transitional situation on the East Asian regional level as well as on the global level. Keywords: Changes in East Asia’s Strategic Environment, Strategy of Unification Diplomacy, China and Southeast Asia Relations, China and Central Asia Relations. Introduction Part 1. Northeast Asia and China’s External Relations Ⅰ. Xi Jinping Administration’s Policy towards Japan Ⅱ. China-Russia Relations Ⅲ. North Korea-China Relations at a Transition Ⅳ. China-Taiwan Relations Part 2. Central Asia and China’s External Relations Ⅴ. China’s Policy towards Central Asia under the Xi Jinping Leadership Ⅵ. Central Asian States’ Responses to China’s Expansion of Power Part 3. Southeast Asia and China’s External Relations Ⅶ. Cambodia’s Relations with China and the U.S.: Norms, Interests, and a Balancing Act Ⅷ. Conflict Management and Peace Making in Myanmar: Effort and Its Effects Ⅸ. Myanmar’s Reforms and Opening the New Chapter with ASEAN Ⅹ. Learning from the Past: Vietnamese Foreign Policy in a Changing World
Innovation-driven human resource management practices: A systematic review, integrative framework, and future research directions Abstract PURPOSE: It is increasingly emphasized that human resource management practices (HRMP), which refer to recruiting and selection, training and development, compensation and performance appraisal, are of great importance for creating innovation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that traditional HRMPs are already insufficient, which entails the need to rethink and reformulate them in the direction of more effective innovation while also allowing organizations to survive COVID-19-like crises. While there is an extensive literature on human resources management and innovation, there is still no consensus on innovation-driven HRMP. This study aims to identify and synthesize most significant and trustworthy research contributions of innovation-driven HRMP. In addition, to facilitate theory building in the field of HRMP, this article consolidates the existing knowledge into an integrative framework. This framework can be used by future researchers to identify gaps and ambiguities in the meaning of innovation-driven HRMP. METHODOLOGY: The article presents the results of a systematic literature review of 71 empirical research articles referring to innovation-driven HRMP from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. FINDINGS: The systematic literature review allowed us to identify innovation-driven HRMP, taking into account three levels of analysis: individual, group and organizational, with the latter level of analysis being dominant in previous publications. Recognition of innovation-driven HRMP, taking into account the levels in question, is included in an integrative framework, which is the theoretical basis for guiding future research. Our results confirmed the growing trend in the number of publications on the subject since 2010. Most researchers used a quantitative approach. Based on the first author’s affiliation, authors from Great Britain contributed the largest number of publications. Articles are published in various journals, but mainly in those on human resources management. The research took into account a variety of organizational contexts, predominantly in dynamic and complex industries. Our findings show that the current state of research on innovation-driven HRMP confirms the need for further research in this area. Based on this, we provided thematic gaps and potential questions for future research divided into three levels of innovation-driven HRMP. IMPLICATIONS: Our systematic literature review allowed us to propose implications for future researchers planning to conduct research in the field of innovation-driven HRMP. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: Our systematic literature review focuses on identifying innovation-driven HRMP along with determining the current state of knowledge and future research directions in this area. In addition, we developed an integrative framework that aims at organizing existing literature but also at identifying promising future research directions into innovation-driven HRMP. Keywords: human resources management, human resources management practices, innovation, innovation-driven, integrative framework, systematic literature review, thematic gaps, emerging research directions Sustainable human resource management practices in organizational performance: The mediating impacts of knowledge management and work engagement Abstract PURPOSE: Modern business and global organizations are regularly presented with challenges caused by unpredictable competitive environments. Human resource management (HRM) practices give sustainable opportunities for employees to use their abilities and express their enthusiasm to obtain skills and knowledge and to apply them at the workplace with a view to achieving engaged individuals and increasing organizational performance. This article presents a recent study outcome to examine (i) the mediating role of knowledge management and work engagement and (ii) the effect of sustainable HRM practices on organizational performance. METHODOLOGY: 500 self-reported questionnaires were distributed to Jordanian university lecturers (research population) for data collection. The study data were assessed with structural equation modeling (SEM) using IBM-SPSS-AMOS 25.0. FINDINGS: Two pivotal outcomes were identified: (i) sustainable HRM practices, knowledge management, and work engagement were positively associated with organizational performance; (ii) knowledge management and work engagement played a mediating role in the sustainable HRM practice-organizational performance correlation. IMPLICATIONS: Overall, employee cooperation proved essential to optimize organizational performance, specifically during their engagement in sustainable HRM practices and knowledge management. Finally, the research proposed several practical recommendations and interventions on sustainable HRM for future research. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The research has provided proof of five variable relationships contained in the model. Firstly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM practices through knowledge management. Secondly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM practices through work engagement. Thirdly, work engagement increased with sustainable HRM through knowledge management. Fourthly, organizational performance increased with knowledge management through work engagement. Fifthly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM through knowledge management and work engagement. Keywords: sustainable HRM practices, organizational performance, knowledge management, work engagement, Ability-Motivation-Opportunity (AMO) theory Predictors of fairness assessment for social media screening in employee selection Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that determine the response of potential candidates to the screening of private (represented by Facebook) and professional (LinkedIn) social networking sites (SNS) for personnel selection purposes, and in particular to examine how SNS screening in the personnel selection process is perceived by innovative candidates. METHODOLOGY: The empirical data were obtained through an e-questionnaire survey among c. 150 young Polish Internet users in 2021. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination was used to determine the predictors of perceived justice of Facebook and LinkedIn screening in the selection process. FINDINGS: The results confirmed previous scientific findings that the perceived justice of Facebook cybervetting is significantly lower than for LinkedIn and the privacy invasiveness of Facebook screening was rated significantly higher than for LinkedIn. The results of linear regression with backward elimination indicated that among the assumed factors influencing the perceived justice of Facebook and LinkedIn screening in the selection process (i.e., privacy invasiveness, personal innovativeness, self-image management, risk aversion, ability to control a social networking site’s information, above average performance self-assessment, a general concern for internet privacy, and – in the case of LinkedIn – having an account on LinkedIn) the perceived privacy invasiveness is the best predictor of perceived justice of both private (Facebook), and professional (LinkedIn) social networking site screening for personnel selection purposes. Also, the candidate’s self-image management affects the perceived justice of both types of social media used as selection tools, whereas personal innovativeness increases the acceptance of private social media (Facebook) scanning for this purpose. IMPLICATIONS: This study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the perceived justice of ICT-based selection tools, and of social networking site screening for personnel selection purposes in particular. It expands the knowledge about the applicability of social networking site content analysis of Polish users, especially of innovative candidates. The paper also provides some practical recommendations to help organizations apply social media content analysis in a way that minimizes potential candidates’ perception of privacy invasiveness and increases their fairness perception. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: It is the first application of a cybervetting scale on a Polish sample that is advantageous in terms of comparability of data from different countries. We found that activities focused on creating one’s online image foster a higher acceptance of cybervetting that can diminish predictive validity of this type of selection practices. Keywords: social networking sites, ICT-based selection tools, employee selection, fairness assessment, cybervetting Overcoming the pitfalls in employee performance evaluation: An application of ratings mode of the Analytic Hierarchy Process Abstract PURPOSE: Employee performance evaluation is a common exercise conducted in many organizations. Employees need to know the feedback on their performance from the management. Often the results of performance evaluation exercises are used for promotion, confirmation in service and awarding of bonuses for employees. However, the performance evaluation exercise often meets with criticism due to the presence of subjective factors and, specifically, the way in which these factors are handled. The purpose of the present paper is to show how the Ratings mode of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be applied to evaluate employee performance using objective as well as subjective criteria. METHODOLOGY: The whole AHP exercise for the present employee performance evaluation has been shown through a case study on CLSB, a company in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Four senior managers and the Managing Director of the company were involved in all phases of the present evaluation exercise, including elicitation of the criteria, sub-criteria and assigning weights to them. The AHP data were analyzed using software called AHP Calc version 24.12.13 developed by Klaus D. Goepel and available online. In particular, the Ratings mode of AHP was used to evaluate employees’ performance at CLSB. FINDINGS: Five criteria, namely Services, Quality, Financial, Timing, and Teamwork, are found to be important for the evaluation of employee performance at CLSB. Each of these criteria has sub-criteria. Harmonious work, Skills, and Punctuality are found to be the three most important sub-criteria for the present evaluation exercise. The outcome of the evaluation exercise provides an ordered set of ranks of 20 employees working in the company. Apart from the application of AHP for performance evaluation, an ordered set of detailed rubrics for all the criteria have been developed. The rubrics provide precise guidelines to the evaluators at the time of evaluating employees’ performance. IMPLICATIONS: An evaluation scheme that is scientific and systematic, such as the present one, will minimize criticism levied against the performance evaluation exercise. Once the employees are aware of the criteria and sub-criteria set along with the associated weighting scheme and the evaluation process itself, they will be motivated to perform their tasks and discharge their duties accordingly. Hence, employee job satisfaction and productivity are expected to increase. This will bolster not only the employees’ morale but also the organization’s overall performance. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: In the literature, many schemes are available to evaluate employees’ performance. But often, these methods are criticized as they either take all the criteria of evaluation as equally important or they lack the capability to strike a balance between objective and subjective factors. The main contribution of the present work is to show how AHP can alleviate the above drawbacks of the existing methods. The present research work has developed a performance evaluation method, which is simple and straightforward, and the detailed steps have been elaborated on how the method can actually be applied to measure the performance of employees. The method can be applied to measure employees’ performance of other companies with the necessary modification of the criteria set and assigning appropriate weights to them. Keywords: employee performance, employee performance evaluation, reward, training need, AHP Ratings The influence of e-trust on a job performance model based on employees’ dynamic capabilities during a crisis caused by a Black Swan event Abstract PURPOSE: In a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, employees play a key role in the ability to survive and achieve both sufficient and outstanding performance in the organization. Therefore, both the characteristics of people in the organization and the possibility of influencing the improvement of their performance at work, have become the focus of attention of scientists and practitioners. In this context, the purpose of this article is to analyze the role of e-trust in strengthening the influence of employees’ dynamic capabilities on the job performance of employees among organizations operating under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: An empirical study was performed based on the Employees’ Dynamic Capabilities model. In order to verify the potential relations, empirical studies were conducted in 1200 organizations located in Poland, Italy and USA. The companies were selected on the basis of the purposive manner. The structured questionnaire was prepared and the CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) method was used in this research. The reliability of the scales used in the survey was tested and afterwards a multigroup path analysis was performed using IBM SPSS AMOS. The model was verified, confirming the presumed relationships between the variables. FINDINGS: It has been proven that the higher the level of e-trust is, the stronger the influence of EDC is on job performance of organizations operating under a crisis caused by a Black Swan event mediated by P-J fit, work motivation, job satisfaction and work engagement. IMPLICATIONS: This study contributes to the current knowledge of management, in particular human resource management. In the theoretical area, the relationships between the factors influencing job performance in the difficult conditions of the crisis caused by the Black Swan event were described. On the other hand, from a practical point of view, indications on how to shape leadership behavior during remote work, with particular emphasis on the e-trust aspect, seem to be important. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This research enriches the considerations regarding the existing Employees’ Dynamic Capabilities model. The role of the e-trust factor, which is an important part of e-leadership, in the context of the impact on this model was indicated and discussed. The conclusions are a solid step in the development of knowledge about managing employees during remote work, which not only became a solution for the time of the crisis, but was also permanently introduced to the current work organization. Keywords: management, e-trust, employee dynamic capabilities, person – job fit, motivation, satisfaction, work engagement, job performance.
Fracture Mechanics covers classical and modern methods and introduce new/unique techniques, making this text an important resource for anyone involved in the study or application of fracture mechanics. Using insights from leading experts in fracture mechanics, it provides new approaches and new applications to advance the understanding of crack initiation and propagation. With a concise and easily understood mathematical treatment of crack tip fields, this book provides the basis for applying fracture mechanics in solving practical problems. It features a unique coverage of bi-material interfacial cracks, with applications to commercially important areas of composite materials, layered structures, and microelectronic packaging. A full chapter is devoted to the cohesive zone model approach, which has been extensively used in recent years to simulate crack propagation. A unified discussion of fracture criteria involving nonlinear/plastic deformations is also provided. The book is an invaluable resource for mechanical, aerospace, civil, and biomedical engineers in the field of mechanics as well as for graduate students and researchers studying mechanics. - Concise and easily understood mathematical treatment of crack tip fields (chapter 3) provides the basis for applying fracture mechanics in solving practical problems - Unique coverage of bi-material interfacial cracks (chapter 8), with applications to commercially important areas of composite materials, layered structures, and microelectronic packaging - A full chapter (chapter 9) on the cohesive zone model approach, which has been extensively used in recent years to simulate crack propagation - A unified discussion of fracture criteria involving nonlinear/plastic deformations
This book describes the development of a constitutive modeling platform for soil testing, which is one of the key components in geomechanics and geotechnics. It discusses the fundamentals of the constitutive modeling of soils and illustrates the use of these models to simulate various laboratory tests. To help readers understand the fundamentals and modeling of soil behaviors, it first introduces the general stress–strain relationship of soils and the principles and modeling approaches of various laboratory tests, before examining the ideas and formulations of constitutive models of soils. Moving on to the application of constitutive models, it presents a modeling platform with a practical, simple interface, which includes various kinds of tests and constitutive models ranging from clay to sand, that is used for simulating most kinds of laboratory tests. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate-level teaching in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering and other related engineering specialties. Thanks to the inclusion of real-world applications, it is also of use to industry practitioners, opening the door to advanced courses on modeling within the industrial engineering and operations research fields.
This book sets out to answer how China's rise can best be understood from both East Asian and Western perspectives. It also assesses the prospect of realignment away from the US hegemony in East Asia in light of persistent regional rivalries. Throughout the book, the authors show that for China's neighbours, as well as for its own intellectuals, historicizing the country's rise provides one way of understanding its current ascendant trajectory, on the one hand, and acute social problems, on the other.To which historical precedent should one turn? Did Japanese Prime Minister Abe Shinzo get it right when he recently likened the contemporary Sino-Japanese relationship to that of Germany and Britain on the eve of World War I? Is Harvard Law School's Noah Feldman correct in his assertion that China and the United States are on the verge not of a Cold War but of a “Cool War,” in which a “classic struggle for power is unfolding at the same time as economic cooperation is becoming deeper? The authors examine these questions and also focus on other observations that becloud China's rise.
Photonics, a volume in the Interface Transmission Tutorial Book series, describes the science of photonic transmission properties of the interfaces of composite materials systems and devices. The book's authors review the general analysis methods of interface transmission, give many examples, and apply these methods to photonic applications. Applications discussed include photonic crystals, materials, devices and circuits. - Offers a unique approach on photonics from the interfacial transmission point-of-view - Reviews the interface transmission properties of composite materials for photonics applications - Authored by world-leading experts on interface transmission
This book provides comprehensive and up-to-date information on diagnosis, medical and surgical treatments for pediatric retinal vascular conditions, which are leading causes of childhood blindness throughout the world. Experienced ophthalmologists in the field discuss basic knowledge about these diseases and practical aspects of management such as exam under anesthesia, diagnostic approaches including spectral-domain hand-held optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography. The reader will learn about the recent advances in medical and surgical treatments for pediatric retinal vascular diseases. The surgical treatments, anti-VEGF injections, laser photocoagulation and lens sparing vitrectomy are explained step-by-step and can be observed in several videos. Both the general ophthalmologist who cares for children with retinal diseases and the specialist (pediatric ophthalmologists and vitreoretinal surgeon) will find this book to be an informative resource in providing best care for children with pediatric retinal vascular conditions.
Optical properties are among the most fascinating and useful properties of nanomaterials and have been extensively studied using a variety of optical spectroscopic techniques. A basic understanding of the optical properties and related spectroscopic techniques is essential for anyone who is interested in learning about nanomaterials of semiconductors, insulators or metal. This is partly because optical properties are intimately related to other properties and functionalities (e.g. electronic, magnetic, and thermal) that are of fundamental importance to many technological applications, such as energy conversion, chemical analysis, biomedicine, optoelectronics, communication, and radiation detection.Intentionally designed for upper-level undergraduate students and beginning graduate students with some basic knowledge of quantum mechanics, this book provides the first systematic coverage of optical properties and spectroscopic techniques of nanomaterials.
Plasmonics stems from the surface charge density oscillations at metal–dielectric interface, leading to extremely strong light–matter interactions. In the past few decades, plasmonics has become one of the most favorite fields/techniques in realizing high-performance photonic devices. For this purpose, different new concepts, such as exploration of different radiation frequency regions, two-dimensional materials/heterostructures, and different types of substrates for the excitation of plasmons have been investigated for plasmonics-based sensors and detectors. This book focuses on the recent and advanced works on optical sensors and detectors utilizing plasmonic techniques for opto-electronic applications. The book is unique as it describes both sensors and detectors based on plasmonics and their practical applications in a single book, a feature not found in any book so far.
She was a war general, but she died in October due to her mistake in marrying a good man. The heavens had eyes, and it caused her, who had a deep grudge against him, to attach her soul to the beggar who had frozen to death by the roadside. Once she was reborn, she was saved by the prince who fed her and helped her find her martial arts. She swore to send all the people who had injured her in her previous life to hell, one by one, to never be able to stand up again.
Metal halide perovskites are the hottest materials currently.This unique compendium covers systematically the fundamental aspects of synthesis, properties, and applications of metal halide perovskites that exhibit unique properties and useful functionalities.Written for beginners and practitioners, this useful reference text provides a good balance between fundamental concepts/principles and related recent researches with many highlighted examples.This volume benefits researchers, practitioners, graduate students in materials chemistry/nanochemistry, physical chemistry and semiconductors.
Based on modern life science, biological drugs combine advanced engineering technology and scientific principles of other basic disciplines, and transform organisms or process biological raw materials according to leading designs. Biopharmaceutical raw materials are mainly natural biological materials, including microorganisms, human body, animals, plants, Marine organisms and so on. With the development of biotechnology, purposeful artificial biological raw materials have become the main source of biopharmaceutical raw materials. Biological drugs are characterized by high pharmacological activity, small toxic and side effects and high nutritional value. Biological drugs mainly include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and so on. The constituent units of these substances are amino acids, nucleotides, monosaccharides, fatty acids, etc., which are not only harmless to the human body but also important nutrients.
In The Kazakh Khanates between the Russian and Qing Empires, Jin Noda examines the foreign relations of the Kazakh Chinggisid sultans and the Russian and Qing empires during the 18th and 19th centuries. Noda makes use of both Russian and Qing archival documents as well as local Islamic sources. Through analysis of each party’s claims –mainly reflected in the Russian-Qing negotiations regarding Central Eurasia–, the book describes the role played by the Kazakh nomads in tying together the three regions of eastern Kazakh steppe, Western Siberia, and Xinjiang.
L’histoire nous a failli, mais qu’importe. Début des années 1930. Dans un petit village coréen, la jeune Sunja se laisse séduire par les belles paroles et tendres attentions d’un riche étranger. Lorsqu’elle découvre qu’elle est enceinte et que son amant est déjà marié, elle est confrontée à un choix : devenir, comme tant d’autres jeunes femmes dans sa situation, une seconde épouse, une « épouse coréenne » ou couvrir sa famille de déshonneur. Elle choisira une troisième voie : le mariage avec Isak, un pasteur chrétien qu’elle connaît à peine et qui lui offre une nouvelle existence au Japon. Cette décision est le point de départ d’un douloureux exil qui s’étendra sur huit décennies et quatre générations. Avec une justesse historique remarquable et une écriture précise et dépouillée, Min Jin Lee nous offre, à travers un siècle de relations nipp-ocoréennes, un hymne intime et poignant à tous les sacrifices que font les immigrés pour trouver leur place en pays étrangers. « UN VÉRITABLE HOMMAGE AUX GENS QUE L’HISTOIRE SEMBLE DÉTERMINÉE À EFFACER. » - The Guardian Née à Séoul, Min Jin Lee a immigré aux États-Unis avec sa famille à l’âge de sept ans. Elle a également vécu à Tokyo, où elle a écrit Pachinko, son deuxième roman. Elle vit aujourd’hui à New York. Finaliste du National Book Award en 2017, Pachinko s’est immédiatement hissé au rang de bestseller international et est resté plus d’un an en tête des ventes du New York Times. Il a été traduit dans 30 langues et est en cours d’adaptation cinématographique.
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