This book opens up new ways to develop mathematical models and optimization methods for interdependent energy infrastructures, ranging from the electricity network, natural gas network, district heating network, and electrified transportation network. The authors provide methods to help analyze, design, and operate the integrated energy system more efficiently and reliably, and constitute a foundational basis for decision support tools for the next-generation energy network. Chapters present new operation models of the coupled energy infrastructure and the application of new methodologies including convex optimization, robust optimization, and equilibrium constrained optimization. Four appendices provide students and researchers with helpful tutorials on advanced optimization methods: Basics of Linear and Conic Programs; Formulation Tricks in Integer Programming; Basics of Robust Optimization; Equilibrium Problems. This book provides theoretical foundation and technical applications for energy system integration, and the the interdisciplinary research presented will be useful to readers in many fields including electrical engineering, civil engineering, and industrial engineering.
Contract is not only a spirit and a concept, but also a system and a method. As a spirit and a concept, it is very inclusive; as a system and a method, it is very practical. Contract is a theory with a long history and fruitful practice. The reform of administrative law starts with the contract. The author is honored to be one of the first scholars in mainland China to introduce the concept and basic system of civil contracts into administrative law. Although mainland China has not yet established the legality of administrative contracts through the legislative method of administrative procedure law, the research and promotion of a group of scholars in mainland China, including the author, mainland China revised the Administrative Litigation Law at the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress in 2014, and for the first time included administrative agreement disputes in the scope of administrative litigation. The Supreme People's Court Trial Committee also passed the judicial interpretation of the "Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases" at the 1,781st meeting on November 12, 2019, which came into effect on January 1, 2020. The great progress of administrative contracts in administrative justice is inseparable from the efforts of the first batch of administrative contract pioneers in mainland China, including the author! It is also a great affirmation and praise, for which the author is deeply gratified!
To protect the Earth, China has launched its target of peaking carbon dioxide emissions by 2030, and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 , which greatly encourages the use and development of renewable energy. Supercritical CO2 power cycle is a promising technology and the radial inflow turbine is the most important component of it, whose design and optimisation are considered as great challenges. This book introduces simulation tools and methods for supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine, including a high fidelity quasi-one-dimensional design procedure, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver within open-source CFD software OpenFOAM framework, and a multi-objective Nelder–Mead geometry optimiser. Enhanced one-dimensional loss models are presented for providing a new insight towards the preliminary design of the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine. Since the flow phenomena within the blade channels are complex, involving fluid flow, shock wave transmission and boundary layer separation, only employing the ideal gas model is inadequate to predict the performance of the turbine. Thus, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver based on OpenFOAM library is developed. This book addresses the issues related to the turbine design and blade optimization and provides leading techniques. Hence, this book is of great value for the readers working on the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine and understanding the knowledge of CFD and turbomachinery.
Cataracts cause about half of all cases of blindness worldwide, largely in developing countries. HelpMeSee Inc. is developing a simulator-based method for rapid cataract surgical training that RAND researchers determined could significantly help to close the backlog of cataract cases, expected to be 32 million globally by 2020. For this to occur, challenges in the areas of outreach, quality monitoring, and public acceptance must be met.
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