Using real-life examples to illustrate the performance of learning algorithms and instructing readers how to apply them to practical applications, this work offers a comprehensive treatment of subspace learning algorithms for neural networks. The authors summarize a decade of high quality research offering a host of practical applications. They demonstrate ways to extend the use of algorithms to fields such as encryption communication, data mining, computer vision, and signal and image processing to name just a few. The brilliance of the work lies with how it coherently builds a theoretical understanding of the convergence behavior of subspace learning algorithms through a summary of chaotic behaviors.
Traditionally, Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools have been used to create the nominal design of an integrated circuit (IC), such that the circuit nominal response meets the desired performance specifications. In reality, however, due to the disturbances ofthe IC manufacturing process, the actual performancesof the mass produced chips are different than those for the nominal design. Even if the manufacturing process were tightly controlled, so that there were little variations across the chips manufactured, the environmentalchanges (e. g. those oftemperature, supply voltages, etc. ) would alsomakethe circuit performances vary during the circuit life span. Process-related performance variations may lead to low manufacturing yield, and unacceptable product quality. For these reasons, statistical circuit design techniques are required to design the circuit parameters, taking the statistical process variations into account. This book deals with some theoretical and practical aspects of IC statistical design, and emphasizes how they differ from those for discrete circuits. It de scribes a spectrum of different statistical design problems, such as parametric yield optimization, generalized on-target design, variability minimization, per formance tunning, and worst-case design. The main emphasis of the presen tation is placed on the principles and practical solutions for performance vari ability minimization. It is hoped that the book may serve as an introductory reference material for various groups of IC designers, and the methodologies described will help them enhance the circuit quality and manufacturability. The book containsseven chapters.
Presents novel, nanotechnology-based solutions for urgent environmental engineering problems Clear and concise from beginning to end, this book focuses on the design and application of artificially intelligent nanomaterials, which help in solving many tangible environmental problems?especially water and air pollution. It lays out the design concepts, major chemical principles, and materials considerations of artificially intelligent nanomaterials for environmental engineering, and provides proof-of-concept examples such as improved filtration membranes, nanofibrous air filters, and molecularly imprinted nanomaterials. Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering starts by describing the background of environmental nanotechnology, the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the current status of AI in environmental engineering. It then looks at: intelligently functional materials and responsive mechanisms; designing filtration membranes with responsive gates; switchable wettability materials for controllable oil/water separation; and self-healing materials for environmental applications. The book continues with chapters that examine: emerging nanofibrous air filters for PM2.5 removal; self-propelled nanomotors for environmental applications; molecular imprinting in wastewater treatment; and emerging synergistically multifunctional and all-in-one nanomaterials and nanodevices in advanced environmental applications. -Presents the state-of-the-art in environmental technology and puts forward bold ideas for its advancement -Addresses global challenges, including all important water and air quality which are critical for human health and a sustainable future -Concentrates on nanotechnology-enabled solutions for pollutant removal from water and air Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering is an ideal book for undergraduates, graduates, scientists, and professionals in the fields of environmental science, material science, chemistry, and chemistry engineering.
In the abandoned domain of the Mysterious Sky Continent's god race, the humans and demons continued to fight endlessly. The evil spirits had awoken unexpectedly, and the evil races from the foreign lands would descend upon the Profound Heaven Continent. Human youths occasionally obtained divine blood and became disciples of the Great Void Sect. Everything began here.
This book concentrates exploring the landscape of private education in contemporary China, including pre-schools, compulsory education, high schools, and higher education. Both the developmental opportunities, problems, and strategies in regard to shaping the promotion of China’s private education are examined in this book. The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research of the private education in Chinese context.
This book provides key insights into conceptualizing and contextualizing the education policy discourse model from the perspective of the internationalization of education development in China. It discusses the education policy discourse of international education with Chinese characteristics. It comprehensively covers the internationalization of education development, including the macro-perspective on the internationalization of education development in China, the quest for internationalization at home post-COVID-19, international education development in China, and mapping study abroad policy development in China. This book also explores the strategies regarding advancing the internationalization of education development in China contextually and systematically. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book, providing academic insight for readers with an interest in international education policy in China.
Perishable products such as fruits and vegetables account for the largest proportion of food loss due to their short shelf life, especially in the absence of proper storage facilities, which requires sustainable, universal and convenient preservation technology. The existing methods to prolong the shelf life of food mainly include adding preservatives, irradiation, cold storage, heat treatment and controlled atmosphere storage. But with disadvantages in irradiation, cold storage, heat treatment and controlled atmosphere storage, chemical synthetic preservatives are still the main means to control food corruption. As the food industry responds to the increasing consumer demand for green, safe and sustainable products, it is reformulating new products to replace chemical synthetic food additives. Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents in Food Preservation provides a comprehensive introduction to the antimicrobial activity of plant essential oils and their application strategies in food preservation. It is aimed at food microbiology experts, food preservation experts, food safety experts, food technicians and students. Features: Summarizes the application strategy and safety of essential oil in the field of food preservation Describes the synergistic antibacterial effect of essential oil and antimicrobial agents Explains the action mechanism of essential oil as antimicrobial agent against foodborne fungi, foodborne bacteria, viruses and insects Analyzes the antimicrobial activity of essential oil in gas phase The book discusses how as a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant, essential oil has great potential to be used in the food industry to combat the growth of foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. But because the essential oil itself has obvious smell and is sensitive to light and heat, it cannot be directly added to the food matrix and thus the application strategies presented in this book explain how to alleviate those issues.
Lin Feng, who had a blood feud, obtained the Devouring God Technique and opened up a path of invincibility. He barged into the Demon Region and the War Temple, fighting off the Hundred Races and Heaven's Pride. He massacred countless mighty sects, swallowing up all existences and traversing the entire universe!
Uncertain data is inherent in many important applications, such as environmental surveillance, market analysis, and quantitative economics research. Due to the importance of those applications and rapidly increasing amounts of uncertain data collected and accumulated, analyzing large collections of uncertain data has become an important task. Ranking queries (also known as top-k queries) are often natural and useful in analyzing uncertain data. Ranking Queries on Uncertain Data discusses the motivations/applications, challenging problems, the fundamental principles, and the evaluation algorithms of ranking queries on uncertain data. Theoretical and algorithmic results of ranking queries on uncertain data are presented in the last section of this book. Ranking Queries on Uncertain Data is the first book to systematically discuss the problem of ranking queries on uncertain data.
Postponement strategy is one of the major supply chain management (SCM) pr- tices that has a discernible impact on rms’ competitive advantage and organi- tional performance. Postponement is a mass customization strategy that captures the advantages of both mass production and mass customization. Recent research studies have identi ed four common postponement strategies, namely pull, logistics, form and price postponement. The former three postponement strategies are linked to production and manufacturing, while the last one is a pure pricing strategy. They aim at balancing the costs and bene ts of mass production and mass customization. Practical examples of postponement can be found in the high-tech industry, food industry and other industries that require high differentiation. However, empirical studies have found that postponement may not be an evident SCM practice compared to the other practices. In addition, postponement has both positive and negative impacts on a supply chain. The advantages include following the JIT principles, reducing end-product inventory, making forecasting easier and pooling risk. The high cost of designing and manufacturing generic components is the main drawback of postponement. Thus, the evaluation of postponement strategy is an important research issue and there have been many qualitative and quantitative models for analyzing postponement under different scenarios.
This book explores how to shape a high-quality education system in contemporary China’s education policy system. The high-quality education system includes several dimensions, such as teacher ethics, school–family cooperative system, teacher promotion, the balanced compulsory education system, the integrated rural and urban education, pre-schoolings, special education system, diversified high school system, vocational education, world-class universities, minority group education, private education, off-campus training, and online education system.
Xu brings together Deleuze's philosophy and contemporary Chinese "pure literature" to form an assemblage of theory and practice through which both the obscured edges of a complex literary practice and the future-oriented concepts of a creative philosophy are sharpened with the potentials of their becoming-event brought to light.
This book examines the emerging power of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China from a policy retrospective analysis. In particular, branch one includes China's policy on studying abroad after the reform and opening up; branch two concentrates on China's policy on studying in China after the reform and opening up; branch three explores the policy of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools; branch four examines the policy of foreign exchange and cooperation. All these four emerging branches are interdependent, and all contribute to shaping the landscape of internationalization of higher education system in contemporary China. In addition, the conclusion and remarks are also offered in this book. The most important features of this book are: (1) new academic conceptualization; (2) comprehensive investigation of the new idea of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China from a policy retrospective analysis; (3) critically review and epitomize the contextualized construction of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China for constructing modern education model or system from conceptual, practical, and strategically scopes. The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China internationalization development in China and the administrators and stakeholders in Chinese education system and graduate students who majoring and minoring in the field of international education.
This book investigates the sustainable education policy development in China in the aspects of challenges and strategies. In this book, the conceptual model of the sustainable education policy development in China is divided into several parts, including the sustainable development of preschool education, the sustainable development of ethnic education, the sustainable development of vocational education, the sustainable development of higher education, and the sustainable development of lifelong learning. This book serves as a reference for scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China’s sustainable education policy development, administrators, and stakeholders in China's education system and graduate students who major or minor in the field of comparative and international education.
This book introduces the basics of light scattering and then presents theoretical methods and applications of elastic light scattering spectrometry in the field of analytical chemistry. Different elastic light scattering probes and how to use elastic light scattering probes for the analysis of inorganic ions, organic molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, biological microparticles, water and the atmospheric environment are discussed in detail.
The intertwined trees were so big that one couldn't even see the sunlight. At this moment, Qing Hun, who was an explorer, was extremely regretful. If he had known that he would not be able to get out of this primeval forest, he would not have come by himself. He used the thick branch in his hand to pull at the dense shrubs and weeds growing on the ground as he walked. He had been lost for five days, his cell phone was dead, the compass had been broken in the fight with the Wolf, and his leg had been bitten by the Wolf.
Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs): Materials, Technologies, and Applications, Second Edition reviews the fabrication, performance and applications of the technology, encompassing the state-of-the-art material and device development, along with considerations regarding nitride-based LED design. This updated edition is based on the latest research and advances, including two new chapters on LEDs for large displays and laser lighting. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques, the growth of nitride-based materials, and gallium nitride (GaN)-on-sapphire and GaN-on-silicon technologies for LEDs. Nanostructured, non-polar and semi-polar nitride-based LEDs, as well as phosphor-coated nitride LEDs, are also discussed. The book also addresses the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots. Further chapters discuss the development of LED encapsulation technology and fundamental efficiency droop issues in gallium indium nitride (GaInN) LEDs. It is a technical resource for academics, physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and those working in the lighting, consumer electronics, automotive, aviation, and communications sectors. - Features new chapters on laser lighting, addressing the latest advances on this topic - Reviews fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development - Covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots - Highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infra-red emitters, and automotive lighting - Provides a comprehensive discussion of gallium nitride on both silicon and sapphire substrates
This book investigates the international school policy reform in China from various perspectives. In recent years, international schools, international classes, international departments, and various international education projects have emerged in the field of education in China. This book explores and analyzes the idea of international schools, and discusses different aspects of the conceptual model of international education policy development in China, including international school policy, student cultivation, teacher cultivation, school management, curriculum, and quality assessment of international schools. In addition, this book offers a comprehensive, systematic, and practical perspective on shaping China’s international school policy development and management. This book serves as a guide for scholars and researchers who are interested, and work in, research on internationalization development in China, administrators, and stakeholders in China's education system, and graduate students who major or minor in the field of internationalization development in China.
This book examines the status of trade unions in contemporary China, exploring the degree to which trade unions have been reformed as China is increasingly integrated into the global economy. With a wealth of detailed empirical research data, this book discusses the key question of how autonomous China’s trade unions are.
This book provides a fresh and unique overview of the modernization and internationalization of Chinese higher education, focusing on Chinese higher education from 1949 to 2018. It presents the Ontological Positivism Model (Conceptualization-Explicit-Formal-Share), concentrating on concepts of Chinese higher education. The book is intended for scholars and researchers in the field of comparative higher education, administrators and stakeholders in education management and graduate students majoring in higher education.
This book addresses the fundamental theory and key technologies of narrowband and broadband mobile communication systems specifically for railways. It describes novel relaying schemes that meet the different design criteria for railways and discusses the applications of signal classification techniques as well as offline resource scheduling as a way of advancing rail practice. Further, it introduces Novel Long Term Evolution for Railway (LTE-R) network architecture, the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement of LTE-R and its performance evaluation and discusses in detail security technologies for rail-dedicated mobile communication systems. The advanced research findings presented in the book are all based on high-speed railway measurement data, which offer insights into the propagation mechanisms and corresponding modeling theory and approaches in unique railway scenarios.It is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers and graduate students in the fields of rail traffic systems, telecommunication and information systems.
This book examines the pre-service teacher education policy development of seven countries, including the USA, the UK, Japan, Canada, Singapore, Australia, and Russia. This book reviews the history of pre-service teacher education policies in those countries and discusses relative case studies on pre-service teacher training practices. It also identifies problems in current pre-service teacher education in those countries and proposes potential countermeasures to resolve those issues. This book serves as a useful reference for various stakeholders in the teacher education field.
This work addresses the multiple possibilities for using cinnamon for applications in food science technology and to help in the complimentary treatment and prevention of diseases, with priority given to secondary metabolites produced by this plant. Issues related to the functions of cinnamon and its applications, as well as the biosynthetic pathways of production by plants, are covered in depth. The link between food science and technology and specific medicinal plants has not been explored enough in the current literature, and this text looks to bridge this gap in its extensive coverage of cinnamon. CINNAMON: A Functional Food and Medicinal Plant provides readers with a broad and diverse overview of the importance of secondary metabolites produced by plants and the possibilities for innovative biotechnological approaches that introduce new potential to a wide range of industrial products. The application of cinnamon in products across food science and its numerous health benefits are outlined, including its use as a complimentary medicine for a number of diseases. This book features the main cinnamon varieties and production areas plus quality evaluation and bioactive compound extraction methods. The multiple applications of spices in foods are covered in depth, plus antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on bacteria and fungi. Beyond its use in foods, readers will find chapters covering the antiviral effects of cinnamon and its use for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and other disorders. Also important is coverage on the safety aspects of cinnamon and its extracts. To date no book has exclusively covered the many uses of cinnamon and cinnamon extracts in food and pharmaceutical applications. This much-needed work provides a fully up to date and extensive overview for researchers to examine the many uses of cinnamon across multiple products and industries. .
This book provides up-to-date developments in the stability analysis and (anti-)synchronization control area for complex-valued neural networks systems with time delay. It brings out the characteristic systematism in them and points out further insight to solve relevant problems. It presents a comprehensive, up-to-date, and detailed treatment of dynamical behaviors including stability analysis and (anti-)synchronization control. The materials included in the book are mainly based on the recent research work carried on by the authors in this domain. The book is a useful reference for all those from senior undergraduates, graduate students, to senior researchers interested in or working with control theory, applied mathematics, system analysis and integration, automation, nonlinear science, computer and other related fields, especially those relevant scientific and technical workers in the research of complex-valued neural network systems, dynamic systems, and intelligent control theory.
Unlike other economies, family businesses in China are greatly affected by the derived Confucian culture, excessive marketization, as well as the seemingly endless institutional supervision by a transitional Chinese government. China has a strong historical legacy, devoted to patriarchal values and strong family-centered traditions. This volume explores the social foundations and historical legacies of families, business families, and family businesses in China. It begins with an overview of a household, family, and clan in ancient China before an examination of the economic, social, and cultural functions that the family system served in Ancient China as well as the four unique features that distinguish the family system in ancient China from those in western societies. It later discusses the evolution of the family system and the rise of family business before the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Finally, it evaluates the family system before and after the “Open-up and Reform” in 1978. This interdisciplinary work, incorporating sociological, anthropological, and institutional contexts pertaining to China, offers researchers the first advanced perspective of the development of family firms in China.
This book discusses the management of serious finger damage, which can have lifelong consequences for patients without timely and effective replantation treatment to restore the function of the hand. Featuring more than 30 cases and over 420 clinical surgical photographs, it combines systematic with thematic approaches, basic theory with clinical practice, and images with text descriptions. The book is divided into nine main sections: overview of the development history of replantation of severed fingers; anatomy of the hand; common equipment and materials; commonly used drugs; the choice of anesthesia; routine replantation methods, etc. In addition, it includes typical images for 13 special types of amputated finger replantation, and introduces readers to the replantation concept, surgical approach, surgical technique, key points of operation and matters requiring attention for each type. As such, the book offers an invaluable reference guide for finger replantation and related surgeries.
This book provides a description of material characterization and mechanisms of secondary batteries during discharge, cycle, and storage process. It also proposes a new intercalation/de-intercalation theory and presents the mechanism of ionic conduction. In addition, through the comparative study of variation laws of battery performance and of fine structure and microstructure parameters, the mechanism of cycle and storage processes and battery performance decay are investigated. Given its scope, the book appeals to a broad readership, particularly professionals at universities and scientific research institutes.
As a traveler, Chen shouxin's dream was to be a happy small landlord in the zhou dynasty. How beautiful would it be to pen some land, brew some wine, raise a few herds of cattle and sheep, and marry a few beautiful wives? Which idea, the family affairs, the state affairs, the world affairs all together poured over. Pacify the rebellion, suppress the Japanese pirates, open the sea ban, prosper the civil affairs, on behalf of the sky patrol to kill the corrupt officials... The emperor of big zhou is willing to allow him to superfine maharaja position, the prime minister of the government, in exchange for big zhou zuanshan. But he really just wants to be a f*cking little landlord.
This book covers latest advancement of finger reconstruction caused by severe injury leading to finger defects, presenting amount of valuable clinical experience and research achievement. This book provides practical guidance for hand and foot surgeons, micro- and reconstructive surgeons, trauma surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, general practitioners as well as trainees. The book mainly contains two parts: Part 1 focuses on development of the history of finger reconstruction, applied anatomy of the extremities, commonly used equipment and materials, frequently used medicines, preoperative treatment, selection of anesthesia, fundamental skill for finger reconstruction, postoperative treatment and management and methods of functional recovery after finger reconstruction. It is not uncommon in clinical scenarios that severe traumas caused by high energy damage in hands leading to life-long disability. The initial injury management is crucial. Surgeons face the arduous task of attempting to repair and reconstruct the injuries, reduce the patient’s disability and improve their quality of life. Part 2 demonstrates the concepts of different types of finger reconstruction with key points described by case presentations. Depending on the types and the severity of the lesions, accuracy of doctor’s judgment and proficiency of surgery skill have vital significance during the treatment of hand trauma together with patients’ compliance on functional rehabilitation.
Different industries use data analytics and the process modelling technique successfully in a variety of ways. These popular intelligent approaches improve the quality and quantity of production. This book focuses on the technique of soft-sensing based on spectral data with multi-source high-dimensional mechanical frequency in order to assess difficult-to-measure process parameters. The book will be of interest to researchers and professors working in data analytics, engineers and technicians who need a modelling method based on small sample data, and PhD students who need to solve modelling and control challenges in a practical way.
Multi-Agent Systems: Platoon Control and Non-Fragile Quantized Consensus aims to present recent research results in designing platoon control and non-fragile quantized consensus for multi-agent systems. The main feature of this book is that distributed adaptive sliding mode control (SMC) algorithms are proposed to guarantee strong string stability based on modified constant time headway (MCTH) policy. The MCTH policy is used to remove the unrealistic assumption in the most existing literature that initial spacing, velocity and acceleration errors are zero. This monograph investigates the platoon control issue by combining SMC technique with neural network and fuzzy logic system approximation methods.
In biotechnology and bioengineering, small molecules can be used to increase the efficiency reduce the cost and damage to the environment of certain bioprocesses. This book introduces readers to the important field of chemically promoted biotechnology and bioengineering and presents the theory behind the biotechnology of enzymatic reactions and how they can be chemically enhanced. The book covers chemical modulators for enzymatic reactions, chemically promoted biotechnology in plant cell cultures, chemically promoted biotechnology for plant protection and future prospects for the field. Knowledge gained allows both chemists to make use of biotechnology to solve chemical problems in an environmentally-friendly way, and biologists to make use of chemistry to increase biotechnological efficiency. This book is useful for scientists in a broad range of disciplines, including agricultural chemistry, pesticide science, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, bio-organic chemistry, cell and molecular biology. Students and researchers in both academia and industry will find it a useful handbook.
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