Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-521/ A study performed by TØI, DTU and VTI and funded by the Nordic Council, compares the handling of climate and environmental effects in CBA in transport projects in the Nordic countries. The main emphasis has been the comparison of recommended methods and assessments between the countries for noise, air pollution and climate effects. Important findings:- For noise Finland take nuisance in consideration while the other countries also include health effects.- For PM, the values are related to PM2.5 in Denmark and Finland, to PM10 in Norway and to both PM2.5 and PM10 in Sweden.- For NOX, the values in Finland and Sweden are almost negligible compared to the values used in Denmark and Norway.- The most extreme difference between values in the Nordic countries relate to global warming emissions where the values of emissions in 2020 vary from €24/ton CO2 in Denmark (with an alternative calculation of €197/ton) to €665/ton in Sweden.
Seeing the contours of Christian thought about Christ Throughout the two-thousand-year span of Christian history, believers in Jesus have sought to articulate their faith and their understanding of how God works in the world. How do we, as we examine the vast and varied output of those who came before us, understand the unity and the diversity of their thinking? How do we make sense of our own thought in light of theirs? The Christian Understandings series offers to help. In this insightful volume, David H. Jensen offers an engaging tour through more than two millennia of thought on Christ. Starting with the New Testament and moving forward, Jensen outlines the myriad beliefs, developments, and questions encompassing the attempts to understand Christianity's most central--and most mysterious--figure. From the patristic portrayals to medieval Christology, from the Reformation to the Enlightenment, and into the twentieth century and beyond, Jensen presents a helpful and needed guide.
Eschatology," the theological name for the study of the endtime, often conjures up frightening concepts of the rapture, the final judgment, heaven and hell, Armageddon, and the anti-Christ. Author David Jensen's theological approach offers a brighter perspective on the end-time as a time of hope when Christians will see the full glory of the Kingdom of God, the resurrection of the body, and Christ's promised return.
About the Book More Than Free: Exposing the Lies Hidden in History is a unique look at 4000 years of history through the eyes of the author’s family tree. This text builds the case for a new world view whose foundation is that of truth and morality never described in another publication. It shows us that our history is not what we’ve been taught and indoctrinated to believe. In fact, we are supposed to believe that we don’t know where we came from and who our ancient forefathers and mothers really were. People are hungry for the truth, and this book delivers plenty of it. We have to ask ourselves why? Why was our history disconnected to anything that was taught to us in high school and college? What is the root cause of hiding and obfuscating our past? And who did these things? How did the settlement of Europe happen, and where did these people originate? Why did they migrate, and who expelled or chased them? How did America become the land of exceptional people with a unique and free perspective? Where did the idea of personal freedoms originate, and how did the people of America regather in this land? This book explores all of these questions, and upon exhaustive examination, research, and sagacity, a mind open to connecting the dots has found and documented the answers. About the Author James Jensen was born in Rapid city, South Dakota. He currently resides in Weatherford, Texas where he runs a small hay farm. He is also an archer, upland game hunter, a researcher, and a writer. Jensen has four children and eight grandchildren. He is retired from the practice of landscape architecture in a global engineering and environmental consulting business focusing on utility-scale electrical projects. Jensen achieved technical writing expertise in preparing dozens of Environmental Impact Statements and related public-review documents.
This book addresses the need for an account of Christian discipleship which addresses matters of selfhood and identity in the contemporary context. It will help its readers 'perform' Christian scripture more ably in the light of the witness of Christian martyrs.
A Prayer book designed to be used by individual women, as well as by those who are leading group prayer services. For nearly two millennia, Christian women have learned to pray in the language of other people's souls. From worshiping God as father to envisioning a holy life as a military campaign, they've been taught to approach the Divine with the hearts and minds of men. She Who Prays: A Woman's Interfaith Prayer Book offers women a new way to pray. It draws on feminine images of God, as well as the language and experience of women, to help women tap into their own rich and unique spirituality. With material from new translations of ancient Christian hymns and prayers, as well as original prayers in the Christian and other faith traditions, She Who Prays will help women speak to God in their own voices. Arranged in roughly the same format as the Book of Common Prayer, She Who Prays contains a seven-day cycle of daily prayer services, prayers for special occasions, and a woman-oriented liturgical calendar that honors the lives of women of all faiths. The book also contains four rituals marking such themes as healing, reconciliation, and new beginnings, and a prayer to be used while walking a labyrinth. An appendix provides information on world religions and instructions for group services.
This book offers an original perspective on the doctrine of incarnation through a discussion of divine presence and action, arguing for the plausibility of Chalcedonian Christology. It draws on a range of theological and philosophical sources, from St. Athanasius of Alexandria’s approach regarding the presence of the logos asarkos in the world to the relational understanding of personhood put forward by John Zizioulas, Christos Yannaras and others. The suggestion is that divine presence needs to be understood in consistently Trinitarian terms and the book sets out the possibility of a theology of presence which understands God as present and immanent in the world, while, at the same time, remaining transcendent and ineffable. Alexander Jensen maintains that the classical understanding of divine presence, which sees God as being present according to God’s activity, is much more useful in Christology than today’s predominant modern notion of presence as occupying space, and combines this with an ontological understanding of personhood. The book gives an account of the person and work of Christ that takes seriously the insights of historical research and critical biblical interpretation. It takes seriously the full humanity of Jesus of Nazareth and asserts that in this man we encounter God. It will be of particular interest to systematic theologians, as well as those concerned with the history of Christian theology and philosophical theology.
An interdisciplinary study of the practice and purpose of early Christian baptism as it is depicted in pictorial art and as it was practiced in-built structures, this book integrates physical remains with literary evidence for the early Christian initiation rite.
This volume presents a fresh view of Huxley's rhetorical experiences and legacy and closely analyzes his battle with orthodox theology. Careful attention is given to his reliance on three confidants, his maiden public lecture in 1852, his debate with Bishop Wilberforce in 1860, and his 1876 lecture tour of the United States.
Surveying the content and character of early Christian iconography from the third to the sixth century CE, this substantially revised and updated new edition of Understanding Early Christian Art makes the critical tools of art historians accessible to students. It opens by discussing a series of questions pertaining to the evidence itself and how scholars through the centuries have regarded this material as expressing and transmitting aspects of the developing faith and practice of early adherents of Christianity. It considers possible sources for the various motifs and the complex relationship between words and images, as well as the importance of studying visual and material culture alongside theological and liturgical texts. Rather than organising surviving examples by medium or chronology, the chapters categorise the evidence according to their general iconographic type, such as generic symbols, biblical narratives, and portraits. Each chapter takes up important questions of visual culture, formal style, and the ways in which the iconography is distinct from or shows parallels with contemporary documentary sources like sermons, exegetical works, catechetical lectures, or dogmatic treatises. Concluding with a discussion of the late-emerging depictions of Jesus’s crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension, it remains a valuable guide to comprehending the complex theology, history, and context of Christian art. Augmented by over 140 full-colour images, accompanied by parallel text, the interdisciplinary and boundary-breaking approach taken in this extensively revised edition of Understanding Early Christian Art enables students and scholars in fields such as religion and art history to further their understanding and knowledge of the art of the early Christian era.
Robert Jensen, a life-long activist fighting for women's rights, racial equality, and global justice, reveals with this book the emotional journey that brought him back to the church after an entire adulthood of religious indifference. Our world i...
In this work, Dan Jensen offers the conservative Evangelical community a no-nonsense assessment of the growing and aggressive progressive Christian movement. Jensen provides two chapters of personal testimony, a short overview of the history behind the progressive Christian movement, a brief summary of the teachings of the movement, and then he clearly elucidates the fact that the progressive Christian possesses absolutely no biblical foundation. Jensen makes it clear why this movement must be countered by conservative Evangelicals.
The experience of Wollom Jensen's distinguished career in military service and James Childs's long and productive career in the fields of theology and ethics combine to bring Christian ethics into dialogue with the harsh realities of military service in today's world of war. The authors seek to correlate the ethics of neighbor love with the vocation of the chaplaincy, the framework of just war theory, the published values of the military services, and sample issues such as the challenge of pluralism for the chaplaincy, drone warfare, interrogation practices, and truth-telling. Special emphasis is placed on the reality of moral injury and the moral obligation of society and the churches to respond to the needs of these wounded warriors. The book espouses the view that the Christian ethic, more than a set of principles, is a true ministry to those who struggle to be faithful and fear that they have not been.
Knowing the Natural Law traces the thought of Aquinas from an understanding of human nature to a knowledge of the human good, from there to an account of ought-statements, and finally to choice, which issues in human actions. The much discussed article on the precepts of the natural law (I-II, 94, 2) provides the framework for a natural law rooted in human nature and in speculative knowledge. Practical knowledge is itself threefold: potentially practical knowledge, virtually practical knowledge, and fully practical knowledge.
This book introduces theological hermeneutics by giving a historical account of the development of hermeneutical thinking. It defines hermeneutics as the analysis of the obstacles to understanding. The history of hermeneutical thinking and responses to obstacles is told here, beginning with the allegorical interpretation of myths in Hellenism through to the contemporary view of the hermeneutical problem as universal. Following the opening chapters on the history of hermeneutical thought, the book presents an overview of the various contemporary hermeneutical schools of thought, and shows their rooted-ness in different parts of the hermeneutical tradition. The focus is clearly on biblical interpretation however it does also take account of developments outside the field of theology, as they influence the theological reflection on the hermeneutical problem. The questions raised and the possible answers suggested in this volume will be of interest to students of other disciplines, such as philosophy and literature.
This book introduces theological hermeneutics by giving a historical account of the development of hermeneutical thinking. It defines hermeneutics as the analysis of the obstacles to understanding. The history of hermeneutical thinking and responses to obstacles is told here, beginning with the allegorical interpretation of myths in Hellenism through to the contemporary view of the hermeneutical problem as universal. Following the opening chapters on the history of hermeneutical thought, the book presents an overview of the various contemporary hermeneutical schools of thought, and shows their rooted-ness in different parts of the hermeneutical tradition. The focus is clearly on biblical interpretation however it does also take account of developments outside the field of theology, as they influence the theological reflection on the hermeneutical problem. The questions raised and the possible answers suggested in this volume will be of interest to students of other disciplines, such as philosophy and literature.
In Where Have All Our Cowboys Gone?, Dallas sports broadcasting veteran Brian Jensen tracks down over 100 of the franchise's most popular players, bringing readers up to speed on their post-gridiron experiences. Some marched seamlessly from the football field into the business world. Many took unusual or colorful paths. Others were never able to adjust and descended into poverty or crime. Some even met untimely deaths. Jensen, a former sports reporter and lifelong Cowboy fan, provides intimate looks at Cowboy legends like Bob Lilly, Tony Dorsett, and Danny White; success stories like those of Walt Garrison, Randy White, and Cliff Harris; as well as the struggles of players like Bob Hayes, Golden Richards, and Rafael Septien. Compelling, informative, and unflinching in its honesty, Where Have All Our Cowboys Gone? is the first book to explore the post-football lives of the players who helped forge America's Team.
Divine Providence and Human Agency develops an understanding of God and God's relation to creation that perceives God as sovereign over creation while, at the same time, allowing for a meaningful notion of human freedom. This book provides a bridge between contemporary approaches that emphasise human freedom, such as process theology and those influenced by it, and traditional theologies that stress divine omnipotence.This book argues that it is essential for Christian theology to maintain that God is ultimately in charge of history: otherwise there would be no solid grounds for Christian hope. Yet, the modern human self-understanding as free agent within certain limitations must be taken seriously. Jensen approaches this apparent contradiction from within a consistently trinitarian framework. Jensen argues that a Christian understanding of God must be based on the experience of the saving presence of Christ in the Church, leading to an apophatic and consistently trinitarian theology. This serves as the framework for the discussion of divine omnipotence and human freedom. On the basis of the theological foundation established in this book, it is possible to frame the problem in a way that makes it possible to live within this tension. Building on this foundation, Jensen develops an understanding of history as the unfolding of the divine purpose and as an expression of God's very being, which is self-giving love and desire for communion. This book offers an important contribution to the debate of the doctrine of God in the context of an evolutionary universe.
The episodes in 1 and 2 Samuel are striking in their depiction of human characters—priests, soldiers, kings, prophets, and royal advisers—but also significant in how they narrate the central character of this history, the God of Israel. History, in these books, is not simply an accounting of royal intrigue, military battles, and socio-economic struggle but the stage upon which God reveals God's very self. First and Second Samuel relay some of the most memorable vignettes in all Scripture—the call of Samuel, David's battle with Goliath, and David's seizure of Bathsheeba as his wife—and discover in them the hand of God." —from the introduction First and Second Samuel describe the beginnings of monarchy in ancient Israel and introduce us to intriguing characters: Samuel—prophet, priest, and judge; Saul—the tragic figure who becomes Israel's first king; and David—Saul's celebrated successor and Israel's key leader whose influence endured for generations. But as Jensen makes clear in his splendid commentary, there is another figure who is a central character: God. Throughout his theologically rich treatment of these biblical books, Jensen explores what makes these texts important for us. He suggests that we read 1 and 2 Samuel because they reveal the complexities of the human person; the ambiguities of our social arrangements as nations; and God's agency in a conflicted world. Jensen notes that as we are shaped by and grapple with the biblical stories, we are invited to find our own stories within them. "What keeps us coming back to faith," he says, "is its stories: stories that tell the truth about the human condition, our shared corporate life, and the life God gives to the world.
This book is the first to compare Denmark and Portugal systematically in the High Middle Ages and demonstrates how the two countries became strong kingdoms and important powers internationally by their participation in the crusading movement. Communication in the Middle Ages was better developed than often assumed and institutions, ideas, and military technology was exchanged rapidly, meaning it was possible to coordinate great military expeditions across the geographical periphery of Western Europe. Both Denmark and Portugal were closely connected to the sea and developed strong fleets, at the entrance to the Baltic and in the Mediterranean Seas respectively. They also both had religious borders, to the pagan Wends and to the Muslims, that were pushed forward in almost continuous crusades throughout the centuries. Crusading at the Edges of Europe follows the major campaigns of the kings and crusaders in Denmark and Portugal and compares war-technology and crusading ideology, highlighting how the countries learned from each other and became organised for war.
Astrology, Almanacs, and the Early Modern English Calendar is a handbook designed to help modern readers unlock the vast cultural, religious, and scientific material contained in early modern calendars and almanacs. It outlines the basic cosmological, astrological, and medical theories that undergirded calendars, traces the medieval evolution of the calendar into its early modern format against the background of the English Reformation, and presents a history of the English almanac in the context of the rise of the printing industry in England. The book includes a primer on deciphering early modern printed almanacs, as well as an illustrated guide to the rich visual and verbal iconography of seasons, months, and days of the week, gathered from material culture, farming manuals, almanacs, and continental prints. As a practical guide to English calendars and the social, mathematical, and scientific practices that inform them, Astrology, Almanacs,and the Early Modern English Calendar is an indispensable tool for historians, cultural critics, and literary scholars working with the primary material of the period, especially those with interests in astrology, popular science, popular print, the book as material artifact, and the history of time-reckoning.
If the human soul is made for good, then how do we choose evil? On the other hand, perhaps the human soul is not made for good. Perhaps the magnitude of human depravity reveals that the human soul may directly choose evil. Notably, Thomas Aquinas rejects this explanation for the prevalence of human sin. He insists that in all our desires we seek what is good. How, then, do we choose evil? Only by mistaking evil for good. This solution to the difficulty, however, leads Aquinas into another conundrum. How can we be held responsible for sins committed under a misunderstanding of the good? The sinner, it seems, has simply made an intellectual blunder. Sin has become an intellectual defect rather than a depravity of will and desire. Sin: A Thomistic Psychology grapples with these difficulties. A solution to the problem must address a host of issues. Does the ultimate good after which we all strive have unity, or is it simply a collection of basic goods? What is venial sin? What momentous choice must a child make in his first moral act? In what way do passion, a habitually evil will, and ignorance cause human beings to sin? What is the first cause of moral evil? Do human beings have free will to determine themselves to particular actions? The discussion of these topics focuses upon the interplay of reason, will, and the emotions, examining the inner workings of our moral deliberations. Ultimately, the book reveals how the failure to maintain balance in our deliberations subverts our fidelity to the one true good.
“Before he earned a Super Bowl ring and started a foundation, he had to survive middle school.” Thomas Morstead entered his 12th NFL season with the New Orleans Saints, distinguishing himself as one of the league’s top punters. In Super Bowl XLIV, he executed an onside kick that the Saints recovered and parlayed into a touchdown to take a 13-10 lead. The Saints defeated the Indianapolis Colts to win the Super Bowl. In 2014, Thomas and his wife Lauren started What You Give Will Grow, a foundation committed to improving the lives of those in need, with a strong focus on children and cancer initiatives, in New Orleans and the Gulf South communities. The Middle School Rules of Thomas Morstead shares how Thomas learned about his cultural roots, handled being bullied for his appearance, and dealt with the disappointment of not making the high school varsity soccer team. Inspired by many, including his parents, Thomas pushes himself in every area of his life and boldly chases his dreams.
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