Recounts the author's journey through heartbreak and healing after tragically losing her husband during the September 11 attacks, describing her efforts as a single mother, her changing relationships, and her unexpected subsequent marriage.
A wildly entertaining and surprisingly educational dive into art history as you've never seen it before, from the host of the beloved ArtCurious podcast We're all familiar with the works of Claude Monet, thanks in no small part to the ubiquitous reproductions of his water lilies on umbrellas, handbags, scarves, and dorm-room posters. But did you also know that Monet and his cohort were trailblazing rebels whose works were originally deemed unbelievably ugly and vulgar? And while you probably know the tale of Vincent van Gogh's suicide, you may not be aware that there's pretty compelling evidence that the artist didn't die by his own hand but was accidentally killed--or even murdered. Or how about the fact that one of Andy Warhol's most enduring legacies involves Caroline Kennedy's moldy birthday cake and a collection of toenail clippings? ArtCurious is a colorful look at the world of art history, revealing some of the strangest, funniest, and most fascinating stories behind the world's great artists and masterpieces. Through these and other incredible, weird, and wonderful tales, ArtCurious presents an engaging look at why art history is, and continues to be, a riveting and relevant world to explore.
How a single haunting image tells a story about violence, mourning, and memory In 1865, Clara Barton traveled to the site of the notorious Confederate prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, where she endeavored to name the missing and the dead. The future founder of the American Red Cross also collected their relics—whittled spoons, woven reed plates, a piece from the prison’s “dead line,” a tattered Bible—and brought them back to her Missing Soldiers Office in Washington, DC, presenting them to politicians, journalists, and veterans’ families before having them photographed together in an altar-like arrangement. Relics of War reveals how this powerful image, produced by Mathew Brady, opens a window into the volatile relationship between suffering, martyrdom, and justice in the wake of the Civil War. Jennifer Raab shows how this photograph was a crucial part of Barton’s efforts to address the staggering losses of a war in which nearly half of the dead were unnamed and from which bodies were rarely returned home for burial. The Andersonville relics gave form to these absent bodies, offered a sacred site for grief and devotion, mounted an appeal on behalf of the women and children left behind, and testified to the crimes of war. The story of the photograph illuminates how military sacrifice was racialized as political reconciliation began, and how the stories of Black soldiers and communities were silenced. Richly illustrated, Relics of War vividly demonstrates how one photograph can capture a precarious moment in history, serving as witness, advocate, evidence, and memory.
Based on findings of a major study of kinship, and including lively verbatim accounts of conversations with family members, provides a new insight into contemporary family life and kin relationships outside the nuclear family.
Praise for the First Edition: "Serves as an excellent foundational text...I am very thankful that the authors wrote this text. [It] is written for school counselors by school counselor educators!" -Gene Eakin, PhD, School Counseling Program Lead, Oregon State University "The school counseling focus makes it unique... This is...a great improvement to other texts I’ve used and I plan to continue using it." -Dr. Carolyn Berger, Chair, Department of Counseling, Nova Southeastern University Fully updated to serve the needs of school counselors in training, this remains the only text to present a comprehensive, developmental, and practical approach to preparing school counselors to conceptualize the career development and college-readiness needs of P-12 students. The second edition reflects the ASCA’s new Mindsets & Behaviors for Student Success, which focuses on college and career-readiness standards for all students, 2016 CACREP Standards, and the 2015 Every Student Succeeds Act. The text is uniquely grounded in developmental, ecosystemic, and career theories as a basis for career interventions. Considering the range of psychosocial, cognitive, and academic development spanning P-12 students, the authors review relevant developmental and career theories as a foundation for the design of sequential and developmentally appropriate career and college-readiness curricula and interventions. The text provides school counselors and educators concrete examples of how to select, implement, and evaluate the outcomes of interventions grounded in various career counseling theories and addresses career development and college readiness needs by grade level. Also included is expanded information on diversity; reflections and advice from actual school counselors; updated statistics, references, and appendices; and an updated Instructor’s Manual, test bank, and PowerPoint slides. New to the Second Edition: Features a “Building a College-Going Culture” section that expands coverage on college readiness counseling Reflects updated legislation and policy information including ASCA’s new Mindsets & Behaviors for Student Success, 2016 CACREP Standards, Every Students Succeeds Act, and the Reach Higher Initiative Completely new chapter on college and career decision making "Voices from the Field" highlighting experiences from actual school counselors Enhanced instructor resources including Instructor’s Guide, test bank, and PowerPoint slides Key Features: The only comprehensive text devoted to career and college counseling for school counselors; written by former school counselors Disseminates current data and research focusing on college readiness needs of diverse populations Includes interventions grounded in theory and connected to national standards
Fingers and toes with no pruning. No rigor mortis. No livor mortis. Blood glucose levels that revealed a recent death. Neighbors who saw Samira Frasch alive two and a half hours after her husband left the house. Phone records and eyewitnesses to support his alibi. A prison snitch who told a story filled with contradictions. A golf club that mysteriously appeared in the master bedroom a year after the controversial death. A handyman who lied repeatedly. Mental health issues that were ignored. A prosecutor with a grudge. It all said the same thing, that Dr. Adam Frasch had not killed his wife. The true and frightening story of how the State of Florida created a case out of planted evidence and disjointed testimonies to put an innocent man in prison.
Judges 19–21 is filled with sexual violence, silent victims, and the lack of an ethical response. Utilizing a Bakhtinian-canonical perspective, this book seeks alternative canonical voices of answerability and non-violence through dialogue with the book of Ruth.
In today's society, educators are charged with the "sometimes arduous" task of teaching the "whole child". There are many instructional methods available to educators (within their respective content areas)that will aid in effective classroom management and instruction. However, there is a significant difference between effective/ineffective instruction and effective/ineffective administrative leadership. This text includes a collection of research, literature reviews and various educational resources that can be used to enhance classroom instruction, promote effective administrative leadership, and encourage positive student-teacher relationships within any learning environment.
With films ranging from High Noon to Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner, Stanley Kramer (1913–2001) was one of the most successful and prolific director-producers of his day. But even as critics praised his courage in taking on such issues as nuclear war, racism, fascism, and the battle between science and religion, others condemned his work as “emptily pretentious“ and “hollow, falsely sentimental, overproduced.” Whether Kramer was “one of the great filmmakers of all time” (Kevin Spacey at the Golden Globe Awards) or “one of Hollywood’s worst directors” (preeminent film critic Andrew Sarris in The Village Voice), he had a strong and undeniable influence on American culture during the Cold War. Producer of Controversy is the first book to take a close-up look at Kramer’s career, films, and liberal politics in an effort to explain his contributions and historical significance. Kramer learned filmmaking within the old studio system, but over a career spanning forty years he did much to shape the independent moviemaking that emerged after World War II. Jennifer Frost pays particular attention to four of his key “message movies”—The Defiant Ones, On the Beach, Inherit the Wind, and Judgment at Nuremberg—to show how Kramer’s controversial films opened up public debate about the most important issues of his time—among average filmgoers as well as professional critics, political commentators, and public figures. In this context, she for the first time fully documents the Hollywood Right’s attacks on Kramer in the 1950s; details his resistance to the anticommunist Red Scare and the Hollywood blacklist; exposes his role as a cultural diplomat with the Soviet Union; and reveals his important contribution to the liberal and radical politics of the 1960s. Her book is at once an absorbing work of cultural history and a thoroughgoing reassessment of Stanley Kramer’s place in the pantheon of American filmmakers.
What would it be like to see everyone as a friend? Twelve-year-old Eli D’Angelo has a genetic disorder that obliterates social inhibitions, making him irrepressibly friendly, indiscriminately trusting, and unconditionally loving toward everyone he meets. It also makes him enormously vulnerable. Journalist Jennifer Latson follows Eli over three critical years of his life as his mother, Gayle, must decide whether to shield Eli entirely from the world and its dangers or give him the freedom to find his own way and become his own person.
Will a celebrity designer and her stubborn project manager sabotage their renovation or fall madly in love? Celebrity designer Hailey Maybank escapes to Gull Island to reinvent herself after a high-profile divorce, lending her expertise on a renovation project. Working with the boss’s son comes with complications, but will she risk her reputation for a chance at love? Will Purdey is vying to become a partner in the family business by showcasing his design skills on the firm’s latest project. Partnering with a famous designer with a tarnished reputation can ruin his plans, but will his growing attraction for the colorful artist allow him to get the job done?
On April 20, 1999, two teen boys went on a shooting rampage at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado. They killed 13 people, before turning their guns on themselves and committing suicide. Detailed here is an overview of the Columbine High School shootings and an exploration into the forensic casework involved in recreating the scene of the crimes. Includes sidebars containing first-person accounts of the incident.
A comprehensive introduction to educational psychology, this volume is inclusive of all of the essentials—covering history, profiles, theories, applications, research, case studies, current events, issues, controversies, and more. Focused on human learning and teaching, the field of educational psychology informs a range of educational challenges, including instructional design, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education, student motivation, and classroom management. In this book, two veteran professors in the fields of education and psychology, offer a clear and concise yet comprehensive overview of this growing specialty. This volume will be valuable not only to university students aiming to understand psychology's subfields and to choose a major or a specialty, but also to classroom teachers, school administrators, and school social workers aiming to make teaching more effective and learning more thorough and lasting. Topics include the field's history, primary figures theories, research, theories, applications, issues, and controversies. Authors Martin and Torok-Gerard also explain current issues of social justice and educational equity, citing means that have been used to meet those goals in schools. The text additionally analyzes special education as a civil rights issue as well as equity and fairness for LGBTQ+ students in the context of social justice. The text ends with emerging research and predictions for the future of educational psychology.
A heartwarming collection of stories about the dogs, cats and pets who have touched the lives of those around them Sometimes, animals come into our lives just when we need them most. In these true stories about the powerful connections between people and pets, Jo Coudert and Jennifer Basye Sander uncover the simple joys of loving and being loved by our four-legged companions. In this book you’ll meet the German shepherd with a special sense for comforting the sick; the loyal dog who risks his own life to rescue a drowning boy; the troublesome rabbit who warms her way into a new family; the chatty parrot who brings joy to the home of a lonely widow; the abandoned horse and foster child who rescue each other; and many, many more. These animals don’t just bring us comfort—they save our lives. Coudert and Sander celebrate the everyday miracles that happen when we form bonds with animals. This new edition combines two charming collections—The Dog Who Healed a Family and The Dog with the Old Soul —into one beautiful gift-worthy hardcover package.
MASSACHUSETTS ENCYCLOPEDIA is the definitive reference work on Massachusetts ever published. The noted Massachusetts historian Dr. Jack Tager, Professor Emeritus from University of Massachusetts, Amherst, has written articles on Introduction to Massachusetts History, Early History of Massachusetts, and Massachusetts History. These articles cover the history of Massachusetts, from the early explorers to twenty-first century events. Other major sections in this reference work are Massachusetts Symbols and Designations, Geography and Topography of Massachusetts, Profiles of Massachusetts Governors, Chronology of Massachusetts Historic Events, Dictionary of Massachusetts Places, Massachusetts Constitution, Bibliography of Massachusetts Books, Pictorial Scenes of Massachusetts, State Executive Offices, State Agencies, Departments and Offices, Massachusetts Senators, Massachusetts Assembly Members, U.S. Senators and U.S. Congress members from Massachusetts, Directory of Massachusetts Historic Places and Index. All sections contain the latest up to date information on the Bay State.MASSACHUSETTS ENCYCLOPEDIA contains stunning photographs and portraits to compliment the expertly written text. Population charts are arranged alphabetically by city or town name, and by county. This allows students easy access to find population figures for their area of interest. Other population charts list all places in Massachusetts by largest populated places to least populated places by city or county. Directories contain the information on elected state and federal officials along with their contact information including mail and email addresses, phone and fax numbers. Easy to use reference maps are included to find your elected state or federal officials. The Directory of State Services lists the head officials and full contact information on state agencies and departments, some of which were just newly created by the legislature. The Directory of Massachusetts Historic Places contains all the latest up to date information on every Massachusetts historic place. The Bibliography includes that latest books published on Massachusetts. A detailed Index makes the work thoroughly referential. MASSACHUSETTS ENCYCLCOPEDIA offers librarians, teachers and students a single source reference work that provides the answers to the most frequently asked questions about Massachusetts and its history.
gricultural science policy in the United States has profoundly affected the growth and development of agriculture worldwide, not just in the A United States. Over the past 150 years, and especially over the second th half of the 20 Century, public investments in agricultural R&D in the United States grew faster than the value of agricultural production. Public spending on agricultural science grew similarly in other more-developed countries, and c- lectively these efforts, along with private spending, spurred agricultural prod- tivity growth in rich and poor nations alike. The value of this investment is seldom fully appreciated. The resulting p- ductivity improvements have released labor and other resources for alternative uses—in 1900, 29. 2 million Americans (39 percent of the population) were - rectly engaged in farming compared with just 2. 9 million (1. 1 percent) today— while making food and fiber more abundant and cheaper. The benefits are not confined to Americans. U. S. agricultural science has contributed with others to growth in agricultural productivity in many other countries as well as the Un- ed States. The world’s population more than doubled from around 3 billion in 1961 to 6. 54 billion in 2006 (U. S. Census Bureau 2009). Over the same period, production of important grain crops (including maize, wheat and rice) almost trebled, such that global per capita grain production was 18 percent higher in 2006.
Are you a mathematics major or thinking about becoming one? This friendly guidebook is for you, no matter where you are in your studies. For those just starting out, there are: interactive exercises to help you chart your personalized course, brief overviews of the typical courses you will encounter during your studies, recommended extracurricular activities that can enrich your mathematical journey. Mathematics majors looking for effective ways to support their success will discover: practical examples of dealing with setbacks and challenges in mathematics, a primer on study skills, including particular advice like how to effectively read mathematical literature and learn mathematically focused programming. Students thinking about life after graduation will find: advice for seeking jobs outside academia, guidance for applying to graduate programs, a collection of interviews with former mathematics majors now working in a wide variety of careers—they share their experience and practical advice for breaking into their field. Packed with a wealth of information, Navigating the Math Major is your comprehensive resource to the undergraduate mathematics degree program.
The past lies just under the surface in Lake County. Interurban trains once carried wealthy Clevelanders to idyllic summer homes and resorts along the shoreline and up to Little Mountain. Stories abound of rum-running during Prohibition, enslaved people who were carried to freedom through the Underground Railroad, and stolen gold bars believed to be buried along a riverbank. Lake County was also once the site of a booming ship-building industry and a secret plant that created chemical warfare during World War I. Many residents fondly recall long-gone drive-in theaters and beloved drug store soda fountains and bakeries of the mid to late twentieth century. Join author Jennifer Boresz Engelking as she reveals the history behind some of the county's most intriguing people, places, and industries.
In the space of about thirty years – from 1964 to 1994 – American corporations abandoned racially exclusionary employment policies and embraced some form of affirmative action to diversify their workforces. It was an extraordinary transformation, which most historians attribute to civil rights activists, federal legislation, and labor unions. This is the first book to examine the role of corporations in that transformation. Whereas others emphasize corporate obstruction, this book argues that there were corporate executives and managers who promoted fair employment and equal employment opportunity long before the federal government required it, and who thereby helped prepare the corporate world for racial integration. The book examines the pioneering corporations that experimented with integration in the 1940s and 1950s, as well as corporate responses to the civil rights movement and urban crisis in the 1960s and 1970s and the widespread adoption of affirmative action in the 1980s and 1990s.
As movies took the country by storm in the early twentieth century, Americans argued fiercely about whether municipal or state authorities should step in to control what people could watch when they went to movie theaters, which seemed to be springing up on every corner. Many who opposed the governmental regulation of film conceded that some entity—boards populated by trusted civic leaders, for example—needed to safeguard the public good. The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures (NB), a civic group founded in New York City in 1909, emerged as a national cultural chaperon well suited to protect this emerging form of expression from state incursions. Using the National Board’s extensive files, Monitoring the Movies offers the first full-length study of the NB and its campaign against motion-picture censorship. Jennifer Fronc traces the NB’s Progressive-era founding in New York; its evolving set of “standards” for directors, producers, municipal officers, and citizens; its “city plan,” which called on citizens to report screenings of condemned movies to local officials; and the spread of the NB’s influence into the urban South. Ultimately, Monitoring the Movies shows how Americans grappled with the issues that arose alongside the powerful new medium of film: the extent of the right to produce and consume images and the proper scope of government control over what citizens can see and show.
This latest installment in the Psychology of Popular Culture series turns its focus to superheroes. Superheroes have survived and fascinated for more than 70 years in no small part due to their psychological depth. In The Psychology of Superheroes, almost two dozen psychologists get into the heads of today's most popular and intriguing superheroes. Why do superheroes choose to be superheroes? Where does Spider-Man's altruism come from, and what does it mean? Why is there so much prejudice against the X-Men, and how could they have responded to it, other than the way they did? Why are super-villains so aggressive? The Psychology of Superheroes answers these questions, exploring the inner workings our heroes usually only share with their therapists.
This Element focuses on the development of drawing (and painting) in childhood. The author begins by examining children's representational drawing, a topic that has received quite wide attention from the nineteenth century on. The author then turns to issues that have received far less attention and discusses the aesthetic property of expression, weighing the claim that young children's highly expressive drawings bear an affinity to twentieth century modernist art. The author then examines the function of drawing for children's emotional development. Next, looking at art prodigies, the author turns to the how of drawing, considering the relation of drawing talent to IQ and to visual-spatial skills. Finally, the author considers the relation between development and education in art and how educators can best nurture children's artistic development.
Designed to be a valuable resource, this book provides educators, administrators, practitioners, and families with a clear understanding of how to meet the instructional, emotional, and social needs of students with learning disabilities. Readers will benefit from the extensive research provided and will gain an appreciation for the importance of collaboration, creating safe and supportive learning environments, as well as effectively implementing interventions.
In Teaching to Diversity, Dr. Jennifer Katz synthesizes the research, and 16 years experience of teaching in inclusive classrooms and schools, to provide answers to several questions: How do I make inclusion work for ALL students? What are the foundational best practices of a truly inclusive learning community? How does one create such a community? The author pulls together, in an organized way, a three-block model of universal design for learning (UDL) and suggests a step-by-step approach for implementing it. This framework includes: Block One, Social and Emotional Learning: details ways to build compassionate learning communities (K–12) in which all students feel safe and valued, and develop a positive self-concept, sense of belonging, and respect for diverse others. Block Two, Inclusive Instructional Practice: includes a framework for planning units from K–12, and explains instructional and management practices for teaching, assessing, grading, and reporting in UDL Classrooms. Block Three, Systems and Structures: suggests strategies for creating inclusive learning communities, and explores ways in which resource teachers, student services personnel, and school administrators can support and create socially and academically inclusive schools and classrooms. The three-block model of UDL can empower educators with the knowledge, skills, and confidence required to teach diverse learners in the same classroom—including those who have previously been excluded. Ultimately, it is about creating classrooms and schools that heal by teaching to the heart, mind, and spirit of every student.
Winner of ASIS Internationals 2015 Security Book of the Year AwardTerrorist attacks occur daily and are increasingly being aimed at civilian populations around the world. Battlefield lines have been redrawn to include churches, schools, hospitals, and malls. This breach of moral boundary is shocking and invokes feartwo primary goals of terrorism.
Agency theory examines the relationship between individuals or groups when one party is doing work on behalf of another. 'Agency and Identity in the Ancient Near East' offers a theoretical study of agency and identity in Near Eastern archaeology, an area which until now has been largely ignored by archaeologists. The book explores how agency theory can be employed in reconstructing the meaning of spaces and material culture, how agency and identity intersect, and how the availability of a textual corpus may impact on the agency approach. Ranging from the Neolithic to the Islamic period, 'Agency and Identity in the Ancient Near East' covers sites located in Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, and Israel. The volume includes contributions from philology, art, history, computer simulation studies, materials science, and the archaeology of settlement and architecture.
Published in 1983: It is the authors’ intent to provide an overview of the state of knowledge of the epidemiology of cancers of the breast, corpus uteri, ovary, cervix uteri, vulva, and vagina as of the end of 1981.
This collection of case studies describes how instructors have used GIS within the traditions of a classical undergraduate education to help students analyze, manage, and visualize information in order to create a realistic learning environment in which students practice inquiry in their fields.
To combat behavior they viewed as sexually promiscuous, politically undesirable, or downright criminal, social activists in Progressive-era New York employed private investigators to uncover the roots of society’s problems. New York Undercover follows these investigators—often journalists or social workers with no training in surveillance—on their information-gathering visits to gambling parlors, brothels, and meetings of criminal gangs and radical political organizations. Drawing on the hundreds of detailed reports that resulted from these missions, Jennifer Fronc reconstructs the process by which organizations like the National Civic Federation and the Committee of Fourteen generated the knowledge they needed to change urban conditions. This information, Fronc demonstrates, eventually empowered government regulators in the Progressive era and beyond, strengthening a federal state that grew increasingly repressive in the interest of pursuing a national security agenda. Revealing the central role of undercover investigation in both social change and the constitution of political authority, New York Undercover narrates previously untold chapters in the history of vice and the emergence of the modern surveillance state.
Comprehensive index to current and retrospective biographical dictionaries and who's whos. Includes biographies on over 3 million people from the beginning of time through the present. It indexes current, readily available reference sources, as well as the most important retrospective and general works that cover both contemporary and historical figures.
A guide to pseudonyms, pen names, nicknames, epithets, stage names, cognomens, aliases, and sobriquets of twentieth-century persons, including the subjects' real names, basic biographical information, and citations for the sources from which the entries were compiled. Covers authors, sports figures, entertainers, politicians, military leaders, underworld figures, religious leaders, and other contemporary personalities.
Now in a fifth edition, this bestselling introductory textbook remains the cornerstone volume for the study of second language acquisition (SLA). Its chapters have been fully updated, and reorganized where appropriate, to provide a comprehensive yet accessible overview of the field and its related disciplines. In order to reflect current developments, new sections and expanded discussions have been added. The fifth edition of Second Language Acquisition retains the features that students found useful in previous editions. This edition provides pedagogical tools that encourage students to reflect upon the experiences of second language learners. As with previous editions, discussion questions and problems at the end of each chapter help students apply their knowledge, and a glossary defines and reinforces must-know terminology. This clearly written, comprehensive, and current textbook, by Susan Gass, Jennifer Behney, and Luke Plonsky, is the ideal textbook for an introductory SLA course in second language studies, applied linguistics, linguistics, TESOL, and/or language education programs. This textbook is supported with a Companion Website containing instructor and student resources including PowerPoint slides, exercises, stroop tests, flashcards, audio and video links: https://routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/9781138743427/
In Dying in Full Detail Jennifer Malkowski explores digital media's impact on one of documentary film's greatest taboos: the recording of death. Despite technological advances that allow for the easy creation and distribution of death footage, digital media often fail to live up to their promise to reveal the world in greater fidelity. Malkowski analyzes a wide range of death footage, from feature films about the terminally ill (Dying, Silverlake Life, Sick), to surreptitiously recorded suicides (The Bridge), to #BlackLivesMatter YouTube videos and their precursors. Contextualizing these recordings in the long history of attempts to capture the moment of death in American culture, Malkowski shows how digital media are unable to deliver death "in full detail," as its metaphysical truth remains beyond representation. Digital technology's capacity to record death does, however, provide the opportunity to politicize individual deaths through their representation. Exploring the relationships among technology, temporality, and the ethical and aesthetic debates about capturing death on video, Malkowski illuminates the key roles documentary death has played in twenty-first-century visual culture.
As authors, we are convinced that the time has finally arrived in academe for an extensive, experience?based, firsthand, seamless examination of what we are calling crossover pedagogy. There is no book?length examination of facultystudent affairs administrators collaboration in the academic realm anywhere. Nobody has yet to produce a case?based, hands?on, book?length treatment of how (and why) faculty and student affairs administrators can co?teach, co?author, and co?consult with one another as co?equal educators and campus leaders—with each group complementing the other in terms of their special skills, knowledge, background, and experiences. Without coming to practical terms with the case for collaboration that the above authors make, the why rationale developed in these publications on the topic of faculty?administrator collaboration (sometimes referred to as “blended” efforts) around the teaching?learning venture is lost in the logistics of technical policy issues and challenges.
In Hirelings, Jennifer Dorsey recreates the social and economic milieu of Maryland's Eastern Shore at a time when black slavery and black freedom existed side by side. She follows a generation of manumitted African Americans and their freeborn children and grandchildren through the process of inventing new identities, associations, and communities in the early nineteenth century. Free Africans and their descendants had lived in Maryland since the seventeenth century, but before the American Revolution they were always few in number and lacking in economic resources or political leverage. By contrast, manumitted and freeborn African Americans in the early republic refashioned the Eastern Shore's economy and society, earning their livings as wage laborers while establishing thriving African American communities. As free workers in a slave society, these African Americans contested the legitimacy of the slave system even while they remained dependent laborers. They limited white planters' authority over their time and labor by reuniting their families in autonomous households, settling into free black neighborhoods, negotiating labor contracts that suited the needs of their households, and worshipping in the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Some moved to the cities, but many others migrated between employers as a strategy for meeting their needs and thwarting employers’ control. They demonstrated that independent and free African American communities could thrive on their own terms. In all of these actions the free black workers of the Eastern Shore played a pivotal role in ongoing debates about the merits of a free labor system.
This will help us customize your experience to showcase the most relevant content to your age group
Please select from below
Login
Not registered?
Sign up
Already registered?
Success – Your message will goes here
We'd love to hear from you!
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.