There is no temperature below absolute zero, and, in fact, zero itself is impossible to reach. The quest to reach it has lured scientists for several centuries revealing interesting and unexpected phenomena along the way. Atoms move more slowly at low temperatures, but matter at bareLy above absolute zero is not immobile or even necessarily frozen. Among the most peculiar of matter's strange behaviors is superconductivity3/4simply described as electric current without resistance3/4discovered in 1911. With the 1986 discovery that, contrary to previous expectations, superconductivity was possible at temperatures well above absolute zero, research into practical applications has flourished. Superconductivity has turned out to be a fruitful arena for developments in condensed matter physics, which have proved applicable in particle physics and cosmology as well. Cold Wars tells the history of superconductivity, providing perspective on the development of the field and its relationship with the rest of physics and the history of our time. The authors provide a rare look at the scientists and their research, mostly little known beyond a small coterie of specialists. Superconductivity provides an excellent example of the evolution of physics in the twentieth century: the science itself, its epistemological foundations, and its social context. Cold Wars will be of equal interest to students of physics and the history of science and technology, and general readers interested in story behind this remarkable phenomenon.
Presents some recent advances in various important domains of partial differential equations and applied mathematics including harmonic maps, Ginzburg - Landau energy, liquid crystals, superconductivity, homogenization and oscillations, dynamical systems and inertial manifolds. These topics are now part of various areas of science and have experienced tremendous development during the last decades.
This book covers sensation in all major components of the pelvic region. The small pelvis is containing many different structures and viscera, and sensations elicited there are important for regulating a normal daily life and for warning that something is going wrong. The sensory system is driving in many aspects the motor activity, and precedes and guides the efferent functions. It is surprising that in the last 60 years the ratio between research and publications about sensory versus motor has gradually become less. There has been undoubtedly a rise in the number of publications written on pelvic sensation but in the same time the number of manuscripts on motor function have increased more. It is the hope that this compilation of most data available on sensation will be of interest for the reader, will incite to perform more research so that an important part of pelvic functional diagnosis and treatment modalities will use the whole of the mechanisms available. The book is intended for all interested in pelvic functions and the interactions between the different structures, specialists in urology, gastroenterology, sexuality, pain, pelvic floor function and dysfunction, paediatricians and geriatricians, neurologists, students and those in training . The reader will find interesting and challenging information, and suggestions for further research.
The Tribe, the companion volume to Ralph Rumney's excellent The Consul is another fascinating slice of history concerning the ultra avant-garde's favourite sect. Jean-Michel Mension was a member of the Situationist International's precursor, the less political and more art focussed Lettrist International (which was founded in 1945 in Paris by the Romanian Jean-Isidore Isou as a reaction to Andre Breton's dictatorial control of the surrealist movement). Surrealism had become something of a cult of personality surrounding Breton and had drifted from its dada origins into mysticism. In 1956 at Alba in Italy a group of lettrists took an active part at the First World Congress of Liberated Artists (with the slogan "The International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus"). From June 1954 to November 1957 they published 29 numbers of their journal Potlatch. The last issue, formally indicating the direction the LI had been heading was subtitled "Bulletin d'information de l'internationale situationiste". The SI was soon to be born. In a series of interviews, Jean-Michel Mension recalls drunken philosophising with Guy Debord and his circle in a book beautifully filled with Ed van der Elsken's celebrated photographs of "the tribe" accompanied by reproductions of Lettrist leaflets and posters. When he woke from his "long night of drinking" Mension became a militant of the Ligue Communiste while the SI became a continuing source of inspiration for the non-authoritarian left. The tensions in the avant-garde where real enough it seems and this is a fascinating, if tangential, account of them. --George Bowman
There is no temperature below absolute zero, and, in fact, zero itself is impossible to reach. The quest to reach it has lured scientists for several centuries revealing interesting and unexpected phenomena along the way. Atoms move more slowly at low temperatures, but matter at bareLy above absolute zero is not immobile or even necessarily frozen. Among the most peculiar of matter's strange behaviors is superconductivity3/4simply described as electric current without resistance3/4discovered in 1911. With the 1986 discovery that, contrary to previous expectations, superconductivity was possible at temperatures well above absolute zero, research into practical applications has flourished. Superconductivity has turned out to be a fruitful arena for developments in condensed matter physics, which have proved applicable in particle physics and cosmology as well. Cold Wars tells the history of superconductivity, providing perspective on the development of the field and its relationship with the rest of physics and the history of our time. The authors provide a rare look at the scientists and their research, mostly little known beyond a small coterie of specialists. Superconductivity provides an excellent example of the evolution of physics in the twentieth century: the science itself, its epistemological foundations, and its social context. Cold Wars will be of equal interest to students of physics and the history of science and technology, and general readers interested in story behind this remarkable phenomenon.
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