Facts alone do not constitute the whole of history, any more than the members of the body form the complete man. There is a soul in history as well as in the body, and it is this which generates, vivifies, and links the facts together, so that they all combine to the same end. The instant we begin to treat of Geneva, which, through the ministry of Calvin, was to become the most powerful centre of Reform in the sixteenth century, one question starts up before us. What was the soul of the Reformation of Geneva? Truly, salvation by faith in Christ, who died to save—truly, the renewal of the heart by the word and the Spirit of God. But side by side with these supreme elements, that are found in all the Reformations, we meet with secondary elements that have existed in one country and not in another. What we discover at Geneva may possibly deserve to fix the attention of men in our own days: the characteristic element of the Genevese Reform is liberty. Three great movements were carried out in this city during the first half of the sixteenth century. The first was the conquest of independence; the second, the conquest of faith; the third, the renovation and organisation of the Church. Berthelier, Farel, and Calvin are the three heroes of these three epics. Each of these different movements was necessary. The bishop of Geneva was a temporal prince like the bishop of Rome; it was difficult to deprive the bishop of his pastoral staff unless he were first deprived of his sword. The necessity of liberty for the Gospel and of the Gospel for liberty is now acknowledged by all thoughtful men; but it was proclaimed by the history of Geneva three centuries ago. But it may be said, a history of the Reformation has no concern with the secular, political, and social element. I have been reproached with not putting this sufficiently forward in the history of the Reformation of Germany, where it had relatively but little importance. I may perhaps be reproached with dwelling on it too much in the Reformation of Geneva, where it holds a prominent place. It is a hard matter to please all tastes: the safest course is to be guided by the truth of principles and not by the exigencies of individuals. Is it my fault if an epoch possesses its characteristic features? if it is impossible to keep back the secular, without wronging the spiritual, element? To cut history in two is to distort it. In the Reform of Geneva, and especially in the constitution of its church, the element of liberty predominates more than in the Reforms of other countries. We cannot know the reason of this unless we study the movement which gave birth to that Reform. The history of the political emancipation of Geneva is interesting of itself; liberty, it has been said,3has never been common in the world; it has not flourished in all countries or in all climates, and the periods when a people struggles justly for liberty are the privileged epochs of history. One such epoch occurred at the commencement of modern times; but strange to say, it is almost in Geneva alone that the struggles for liberty make the earlier decades of the sixteenth century a privileged time.
This text addresses the understanding and alleviation of poverty, inequality, and inequity using a unique and broad mix of concepts, measurement methods, statistical tools, software, and practical exercises. Part I discusses basic fundamental issues of well-being and poverty measurement. Part II develops an integrated framework for measuring poverty, social welfare, inequality, vertical equity, horizontal equity, and redistribution. Part III presents and develops recent methods for testing the robustness of distributive rankings. Part IV discusses ways of using policy to alleviate poverty, improve welfare, increase equity, and assess the impact of growth. Part V applies the tools to real data. Most of the book’s measurement and statistical tools have been programmed in DAD, a well established and widely available free software program that has been tailored especially for income distribution analysis and is used by scholars, researchers, and analysts in nearly 100 countries worldwide. It requires basic understanding of calculus and statistics. Abdelkrim Araar and Jean-Yves Duclos teach economics at Université Laval in Québec City.
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Around 1785, a woman was taken from her home in Senegambia and sent to Saint-Domingue in the Caribbean. Those who enslaved her there named her Rosalie. Her later efforts to escape slavery were the beginning of a family's quest, across five generations and three continents, for lives of dignity and equality. Freedom Papers sets the saga of Rosalie and her descendants against the background of three great antiracist struggles of the nineteenth century: the Haitian Revolution, the French Revolution of 1848, and the Civil War and Reconstruction in the United States. Freed during the Haitian Revolution, Rosalie and her daughter Elisabeth fled to Cuba in 1803. A few years later, Elisabeth departed for New Orleans, where she married a carpenter, Jacques Tinchant. In the 1830's, with tension rising against free persons of color, they left for France. Subsequent generations of Tinchants fought in the Union Army, argued for equal rights at Louisiana's state constitutional convention, and created a transatlantic tobacco network that turned their Creole past into a commercial asset. Yet the fragility of freedom and security became clear when, a century later, Rosalie's great-great-granddaughter Marie-José was arrested by Nazi forces occupying Belgium. Freedom Papers follows the Tinchants as each generation tries to use the power and legitimacy of documents to help secure freedom and respect. The strategies they used to overcome the constraints of slavery, war, and colonialism suggest the contours of the lives of people of color across the Atlantic world during this turbulent epoch.
Girls are girls wherever they live—and the Sisters in Time series shows that girls are girls whenever they lived, too! This new collection brings together four historical fiction books for 8–12-year-old girls: Lydia the Patriot: The Boston Massacre (covering the year 1770), Kate and the Spies: The American Revolution (1775), Betsy’s River Adventure: The Journey Westward (1808), and Grace and the Bully: Drought on the Frontier (1819), American Challenge will transport readers back to the formative years of our nation, teaching important lessons of history and Christian faith. Featuring bonus educational materials such as time lines and brief biographies of key historical figures, American Challenge is ideal for anytime reading and an excellent resource for home schooling. Visit the official Sisters in Time website at www.sistersintime.com
A feminist re-reading of the Quebec literary tradition, from Laure Conan and Gabrielle Roy to contemporary figures such as France Théoret and Régine Robin.
This book is an historical survey of women’s sport from 1850-1960. It looks at some of the more recent methodological approaches to writing sports history and raises questions about how the history of women’s sport has so far been shaped by academic writers. Questions explored in this text include: What are the fresh perspectives and newly available sources for the historian of women’s sport? How do these take forward established debates on women’s place in sporting culture and what novel approaches do they suggest? How can our appreciation of fashion, travel, food and medical history be advanced by looking at women’s involvement in sport? How can we use some of the current ideas and methodologies in the recent literature on the history and sociology of sport in order to look afresh at women’s participation? Jean Williams’s original research on these topics and more will be a useful resource for scholars in the fields of sports, women’s studies, history and sociology.
October 1761 finds the newly-promoted Commisioner Le Floch on duty at a royal performance of Rameau's latest work.Events take a dramatic turn and Nicolas is soon embarked on his second major investigation when the body of a prominent courtier's son is found.The initial evidence points to suicide, but Le Floch's instincts tell him he is dealing with murder of the most gruesome kind.
The question these articles seek to respond to, in this fifth collection by Jean Gaudemet to be published by Variorum, is how the intellectual elite of the medieval Church perceived the institutions among which they lived - how they portrayed them, and how they sought to influence them. Whether dealing with the papacy and its place in the Church and the world, with the role of the people in government, or with the position of the individual in society, he would argue that this is the essential question. In their response, this elite drew on the Bible and custom, on Roman law and papal letters, in order that the law could encompass all human experience. To achieve this, these jurists needed to create categories and work out principles, hence the recourse to theology and the necessity for a logical structure, a ’systematization’. Ce volume réunit dix-sept études parues dans diverses revues ou recueils de Mélanges entre 1988 et 1992. Toutes concernent La doctrine canonique médiévale telle qu'elle s'exprime (principalement du VIè au XIIIè siècle) à propos des institutions de l'Eglise et de ses relations avec la société séculière. Comment l'élite intellectuelle des hommes de l'Eglise médiévale a-t-elle perçu les institutions au milieu desquelles elle vivait? Quelle image a-t-elle voulu en donner? Dans quelle voie espérait-elle les orienter? Qu'il s'agisse de la Papauté, de se place dans l'Eglise et dans le Monde, du rôle du Peuple dans le gouvernement, du sort de l'individu dans le group social, de l'entrée dans l'Eglise et de la condition de ceux qui lui restent étrangers, la question reste la même: Comment le droit peut-il saisir l'infinie variété de l'histoire des hommes?
From exile and war to love and loss—every dynasty has a beginning. Henry Tudor was not born to the throne of England. Having come of age in a time of political turmoil and danger, the man who would become Henry VII spent fourteen years in exile in Brittany before returning triumphantly to the Dorset coast with a small army and decisively winning the Battle of Bosworth Field—ending the War of the Roses once and for all and launching the infamous Tudor dynasty. As Henry’s claim to the throne was tenuous, his marriage to Elizabeth of York, daughter and direct heir of King Edward IV, not only served to unify the warring houses, it also helped Henry secure the throne for himself and for generations to come. And though their union was born from political necessity, it became a wonderful love story that led to seven children and twenty happy years together. Sweeping and dramatic, To Hold the Crown brings readers inside the genesis of the great Tudor empire: through Henry and Elizabeth’s troubled ascensions to the throne, their marriage and rule, the heartbreak caused by the death of their son Arthur, and, ultimately, to the crowning of their younger son, King Henry VIII. “Plaidy excels at blending history with romance and drama.” —New York Times
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe was one of the leading figures of twentieth-century architecture. For architects and many others who are committed to the modernist tradition, he is a pivotal figure. With in-depth, scholarly essays and opulent photographs and plans, this book traces the multifaceted development of his work, including his first Berlin buildings, his villa projects, his work at the Bauhaus in the 1930s, and his American projects of the postwar years. Jean-Louis Cohen was the director of the Institut français d’architecture until 2003 and is currently a professor at New York University. He has an established reputation as a leading international historian of architecture. His broad and encompassing perspective makes this book a reliable and comprehensive introduction to the work of Mies van der Rohe. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe gehörte zu den führenden Persönlichkeiten in der Architektur des 20. Jahrhunderts und ist für Architekten und viele andere, die sich der Tradition der Moderne verpflichtet haben, eine Schlüsselfigur. Mit wissenschaftlich fundierten Texten und opulentem Plan- und Fotomaterial zeichnet das Buch die facettenreiche Entwicklung seines Werkes nach: Die ersten Berliner Bauten, seine Villenprojekte und Tätigkeit am Bauhaus in den dreißiger Jahren sowie die amerikanischen Projekte der Nachkriegszeit. Jean-Louis Cohen, bis 2003 Direktor des Institut français d’architecture und zur Zeit Professor an der New York University, hat einen etablierten Ruf als international führender Architekturhistoriker. Seine umfassende Perspektive macht das Buch zu einer verlässlichen Einführung in das Werk Mies van der Rohes.
A key work in the development of the romantic line of philosophical thought, The Confessions tells a story of a young man as he makes his way around the world of the day learning various lessons about people, society, politics and God. Although many of these patterns of thought are considered out of date, they still helped form many current ways of thinking and have had a lot of influence on liberal theological movements in the church.
This book provides key information about the instrumental analytical methods which are the most used in quantitative analysis. A theoretical knowledge of each method is discussed. The methods are illustrated with several examples covering a wide range such as pharmacy, biochemical, environmental and agrochemicals analysis. It is structured into three parts: the first one focuses on separation methods, the second covers the spectroscopic ones and the third part develops the thermal and the radiochemical methods.
Small-Town Secrets Refuse to Stay Buried With a flash of blinding headlights and the scream of metal on metal, Nell McGraw’s husband, Thom, is killed and her life is shattered. Now she’s alone in Thom’s Mississippi hometown, trying to care for her grieving children while returning to work as the publisher of the newspaper Thom’s grandfather founded. When Nell is called to a site where human bones have been found, she’s determined to see the guilty parties receive the justice they deserve. But in Pelican Bay, stories from the past are too dangerous to be told. Threatened by men who want their secrets to stay hidden, as well as the family of the drunk driver who killed Thom, Nell finds that if justice is to be served, it will come with a deadly price. Praise: "Reid's exciting debut, filled with action and philosophical musings about the enduring weight of the past, will make you both sad and mad."—Kirkus Reviews "Roots of Murder combines a gripping mystery with well-honed literary fiction."—Mystery Scene
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