Communism was destroyed not from without, but from within-by a persistent failure to make its economic theories work in practice. But what exactly did go wrong with its central planning? Until the last moment, top western economists claimed that Communism was superior to western models. Even now, centralized Marxist planning retains its admirers, especially among the young. With the benefit of new archival research, we can finally grasp how falsified and manipulated statistics blindfolded Communist governments and confused western leaders, leading to staggering errors of judgement. Both sides believed that East Germany had a stronger economy than West Germany; that North Korea would overtake South Korea; that Mao's China was a paradise for its starving peasants. Those who warned that a dearth of reliable economic data would condemn central planning to irrational misallocation of investment and labor were ignored or belittled. But, ultimately, they were vindicated. Jasper Becker answers the big question: what accounts for the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union, China and everywhere else? And why don't present debates acknowledge that failure? This unconventional history of Communism and the Cold War explains why the same old clash of theories is continuing to shape the world today.
Trajectories in Architecture: Plan, Sensation, Temporality presents a compelling examination of underlying issues in late-twentieth-century architecture. Three formal preoccupations and conceptual orientations are used as guiding threads or trajectories. These three trajectories – the plan as conceptual device, a logic of sensation, and temporalities – serve to organise individual chapters in the central sections of the book and provide a new lens to the study of period work, revealing architectural conditions and consequent spatial effects little explored to date. Trajectories in Architecture adds to scholarship and expands our understanding of the role of conceptual and formal criteria in the analysis and creation of works of architecture. The book provides potentially transformative new interpretations of influential architects and key projects from the last half of the twentieth century to reveal new alignments and potentialities in architecture’s recent past as a contribution to identifying future possibilities. In so doing, the book argues for the still-latent potential in modern architecture’s traditions and design principles and their future expression. Trajectories in Architecture includes analysis of significant projects of Le Corbusier, Peter Eisenman, Zaha Hadid, John Hejduk, Louis I. Kahn, and I. M. Pei.
NEUROMUSCULOSKELETAL CLINICAL TESTS: A CLINICIAN'S GUIDE is an essential tool for both students and clinicians working in the orthopaedic/musculoskeletal field. Recalling, applying and interpreting correctly the vast range of clinical tests is a difficult task for even the most experienced clinician. This exceptionally practical book provides a suitable selection of clinical tests, which can be used in either the academic or clinical setting. Consistently structured for easy referral, the text covering each test contains 3 sections – introduction, procedure and findings with interpretations – all backed up by detailed images. This clearly illustrates both the theoretical and practical information for every clinical test included. - Highly illustrated with clear step-by-step guidance - Places each clinical test in context - Sensitivity and specificity values of particular tests - A guide to understanding sensitivity and specificity - Spiral-binding allows for easy, lie-flat reference
This book is concerned with re-imagining Religious Education (RE) as this is practiced in schools, colleges and universities throughout the UK and in a wide variety of international educational contexts. On the basis of a critical analysis of current theory and practice in RE the authors argue that this educational framing is no longer plausible in the light of new theoretical developments within the academy. A new educational approach to RE is outlined that challenges students to think and practice differently. This includes a ‘becoming ethnographer’ approach that can acknowledge socio-material relations and engage the broader literacies necessary for such study. Part One examines how RE has been constructed as a discipline in historical and spatial terms that abstract its study from material concerns. Part Two offers some new starting points: Spinoza, Foucault and feminist theory that differently foreground context and relationality, and 'Islam' read as a discursive, located tradition rather than as 'world view'. Finally, Part Three proposes a new trajectory for research and practice in RE, with the aim of re-engaging schools, colleges and universities in a dialogue that promotes thinking and practice that – as educational - is continually in touch with the need to be critical, open-ended and ethically justifiable.
Foundations of Agricultural Education, Fourth Edition is designed for college students in agricultural education and others interested in agricultural education as fundamental preparation for the profession. Teachers of agricultural education and those in support roles will find this book to be a helpful resource. This fourth edition is updated to reflect current educational theory and practices, and includes changed laws and initiatives since the third edition. This updated textbook is appropriate for both introductory and advanced courses. Each chapter begins with a scenario designed to engage the learner in thinking about the content of that chapter and draws from relevant research and literature. Photos, illustrations, and tables provide greater context to key concepts, and every chapter concludes with questions for review and discussion, as well as additional activities designed to guide the learner into further exploration. Foundations of Agricultural Education, Fourth Edition is an engaging, immersive guide that will help prepare the next generation of agricultural educators.
Taking the prologue of John's Gospel as a case-study in feminist biblical criticism, the author engages with a persistent view that the biblical text is seriously compromised by its association with patriarchal values. Close analysis of five interpretations by Augustine, Hildegard von Bingen, Martin Luther, Adrienne von Speyr and Rudolf Bultmann shows how, unavoidably, interpretation clothes the biblical text with the varied and dazzling patterns of the patriarchal reading context. But in a second turn, drawing on the techniques of both structuralist criticism and deconstruction, and offering three further inventive readings of this powerful passage, Jasper reflects woman and the feminine in the shining garment of her own contextualized reading.
Vital Notes for Nurses: Professional Development, Reflection andDecision-making provides a concise, accessible introduction toprofessional development, reflective practice and clinicaldecision-making. Vital Notes for Nurses: Professional Development, Reflectionand Decision-making explores the core strategies of reflectivepractice and decision-making underlying professional nursingdevelopment. Separate chapters on reflective writing,evidence-based practice, clinical supervision and portfoliosdemonstrate the inter-relationship between professional developmentand professional practice. It is aimed at both student andqualified nurses, recognising that professional development is alife-long commitment. It provides clear guidance to helppractitioners think critically about their actions, work withinprofessional boundaries, be accountable for their actions and planfor their future. * Provides a concise introduction to professional development,reflective practice, and clinical decision-making * Written in a clear accessible style which assumes no priorknowledge * Enables students to consider and develop their practice in orderto become competent practitioners * Each chapter includes learning objectives, scenarios and casestudies * In the Vital Notes for Nurses series
Featuring metaphorical explanations for parents and caregivers about eating disorders and their treatments, a conceptual guide explains how to facilitate a supportive relationship with sufferers at every stage toward health. Original.
According to the FBI, about 4000 ransomware attacks happen every day. In the United States alone, victims lost $209 million to ransomware in the first quarter of 2016. Even worse is the threat to critical infrastructure, as seen by the malware infections at electrical distribution companies in Ukraine that caused outages to 225,000 customers in late 2015. Further, recent reports on the Russian hacks into the Democratic National Committee and subsequent release of emails in a coercive campaign to apparently influence the U.S. Presidential Election have brought national attention to the inadequacy of cyber deterrence. The U.S. government seems incapable of creating an adequate strategy to alter the behavior of the wide variety of malicious actors seeking to inflict harm or damage through cyberspace. This book offers a systematic analysis of the various existing strategic cyber deterrence options and introduces the alternative strategy of active cyber defense. It examines the array of malicious actors operating in the domain, their methods of attack, and their motivations. It also provides answers on what is being done, and what could be done, by the government and industry to convince malicious actors that their attacks will not succeed and that risk of repercussions exists. Traditional deterrence strategies of retaliation, denial and entanglement appear to lack the necessary conditions of capability, credibly, and communications due to these malicious actors’ advantages in cyberspace. In response, the book offers the option of adopting a strategy of active cyber defense that combines internal systemic resilience to halt cyber attack progress with external disruption capacities to thwart malicious actors’ objectives. It shows how active cyber defense is technically capable and legally viable as an alternative strategy for the deterrence of cyber attacks.
This title introduces the concept of reflective practice and explains its purpose to the healthcare student or professional in the UK. It demonstrates the skills necessary for effective reflective practice and explores the benefits of successful reflection in relation to pre-registration profiles and Continuing Professional Development.
This book describes my life as a Christian. I became a Christian at the age of 9 in the First Baptist Church of Guymon, Oklahoma. I was called into special service at the age of 15 while living in Borger, Texas. I was chosen to lead the singing in the Calvary Baptist Church, Borger, at the age of 17. I was fortunate enough to spend a weekend at the Glorieta, New Mexico church encampment before the church chose me to lead their Sunday morning music. I also was fortunate enough to go to youth camp in the Oklahoma panhandle as a young convert. This is where I learned to study and appreciate reading the Holy Bible. My life has taken many twists and turns along the way. I did not have a career in business. My time was spent as a missionary wherever I was sent. I did not stay too long in one place. I am now 64 years old and I am a member of Second Baptist Church, of Houston. I have attended Second for over 10 years. In the summer months, between my freshman and sophomore years in college, I sold Bible Encyclopedias door-to-door in the Spartanburg, South Carolina area.
The crumbling of the USSR has set Russian-speaking Jews free to emigrate. From the threat of antisemitism to economic disaster, their “good reasons” to do so were numerous and within one and a half decade most of them moved out and scattered throughout the world. This book is about the million that settled in Israel, the half million now in the US and the 200.000 who settled in Germany. This book presents the comparative work of an international team of researchers which delves into the building of communities, the formulation of collective identities and the articulation of public discourse by people who, after eighty years of Marxism-Leninism and compulsory removal from Jewish culture, are now reconstructing their ethnicity. In every place, they face contrasting challenges and as a whole, constitute an ideal case for the study of the making of contemporary transnational diasporas.
This will be the first book to attempt to take a 'holistic' approach to security in the Commons (outer space, the atmosphere, the oceans, cyberspace, etc) in that it examines in detail each domain of the commons, identifying and assessing the current and future threats to free international access to the domain.
Clinical neurophysiologic testing is an important component of evaluating patients with complaints that may be attributed to diseases of the central or peripheral nervous system. This classic volume in the Contemporary Neurology Series covers the basic concepts underlying each of the testing techniques and provides comprehensive descriptions of the methods and wide range of electrophysiologic testing available for patients with epilepsy, neuromuscular diseases, movement disorders, demyelinating diseases, sleep disorders, autonomic disorders and those undergoing orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures. This text details the role of each study, the interpretation of findings, and their application clinical problems. This text describes the multiple diagnostic procedures for diverse diseases of the neuromuscular system, including: electroencephalography (EEG); electromyography and nerve conduction studies; single fiber EMG; polysomnography; surface EMG patterns, blood pressure, pulse, sweat measures; vestibular function testing; deep brain stimulator physiology; and intraoperative monitoring. It is a practical textbook for neurologists, physiatrists and clinical neurophysiologists in clinical or research practice or in training. Key Features of the New Edition Include: 1. Fully updated chapters to reflect new research and techniques in clinical neurophysiology. 2. Updated images illustrating key elements of techniques and basic concepts. 3. Case examples for practical application.
Persuasion: The Hidden Forces That Influence Negotiations represents the first book of its kind to package and present persuasion principles in an innovative, international, and interdisciplinary fashion. This easy-to-understand book is the culmination of seminal research findings spanning across decades and disciplines – psychology, philosophy, negotiations, decision-making, logic, law, and economics, among others – from esteemed experts around the world. Persuasion provides a series of short, simple-to-use intellectual tools to go above and beyond merely describing "what to think"– but "how to think" in a persuasion, influence, and negotiation context –across a diverse array of disciplines, sectors, and situations from boardrooms to classrooms for the twenty-first century.
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