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Filmic Representations of Freaks and Special Features in Tod Browning's 'Freaks'

By: Janine Bergmeir

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Filmic Representations of Freaks and Special Features in Tod Browning's 'Freaks'

By: Janine Bergmeir

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,3, University of Tubingen (Anglistik), course: Freak Culture - The Spectacle and the Gaze, language: English, abstract: Since the early beginning of mankind there have always been people who differed from the great majority. They presented various features which separated and isolated them from the rest of mankind; from the “normal people”. These essential characteristics can be caused by medical issues, genetic defects, or other reasons and lead to a life outside of the boundaries by reason of standing beyond normality. Causes are plain deviations from normal people’s mental or physical constitution. For instance, some of these different human beings have extra or missing body parts or lack extremities at all, some are much taller than average people, and some are smaller. Therefore, humans seen as different and not normal, or in other words, as abnormal can be called freaks. Furthermore, these so called freaks are defined as a curiosity and abnormal formed organism. Already the lable “freak” exemplifies the personage of a strange otherness and abnormality. There are born freaks (with physical anomalies), made freaks (e.g. tattooed people), gaffed freaks (fake freaks) and novelty acts (e.g. sword swallowers). As one matter of this term paper the representation of these different kinds of freaks will be discussed regarding Tod Browning’s film Freaks. The film deals with handicapped humans, who comply with the various definitions of a freak. My goal is to establish the place of freaks in the movie and to examine how they are represented. This also includes filmic means, like camera angles, colors and lighting, sounds and music, editing techniques, dialogue, framing and characters, costumes, and the relation between characters. The filmic representation analysis will also be focused on the representation of the conflicting cultural views on freaks and the freak show at the time the film was made. Furthermore, the gaze and the representation of reality play an important role in the critical framework of the film.

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GRIN Verlag

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3668854726

ISBN 13

9783668854727

How the Characters of Claudia and Jasper comply with traditional Gender Roles in "Moon Tiger" by Penelope Lively

By: Janine Bergmeir

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How the Characters of Claudia and Jasper comply with traditional Gender Roles in "Moon Tiger" by Penelope Lively

By: Janine Bergmeir

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Tubingen (Neuphilologische Fakultät), course: Proseminar, language: English, abstract: The understanding of a "traditional" gender role depends on innumerable things. For instance it is important to know which time period is applied because of historical, cultural and social happenings in that time. Therefore, traditional gender roles are based on standards or norms created by society. The novel "Moon Tiger" written by Penelope Lively takes place in the century of the Great War and World War II. In that time, the two sociologists Talcott Parsons and Robert Freed Bales established the theory that gender roles of men and women are divided. The distinction is that the male gender role represents the function as a breadwinner and worker, whereas the female gender role is personified by childcaring tasks and domestic works. They suggest that traditional women and men are supposed to do certain things, and act in a particular manner. For thinking traditional, it is best going back to the Bible. Referenced to that, traditional thinking about gender roles also includes religion as well as the Bible for the sake of suggested and expected behavior patterns. When analyzing traditional gender roles in Penelope Lively’s "Moon Tiger" it becomes obvious that Jasper corresponds with traditional gender roles, and Claudia is a character who does not comply with that. In the latter case, reasons for this purpose are nonconformities in the traditional thinking by means of the bible, the theory of Parsons and Bales, or general expected characteristic traits. In the following the term "traditional gender roles" or "traditional" refers to the already mentioned definitions.

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GRIN Verlag

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3346369382

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9783346369383

How practitioners of Hinduism feel about animals

By: Janine Bergmeir

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How practitioners of Hinduism feel about animals

By: Janine Bergmeir

Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Theology - Hinduism, grade: 1,5, University of Tubingen (Anglistik), course: It's just Emotions? On the role of Affects and Emotions, language: English, abstract: The importance of animals in human lives differs greatly from one person to another, especially from one culture to the other. Animals of all kinds have always been omnipresent for mankind – for the purposes of domestication, as workers, as companions, as tools or as resources in the form of food for consuming. They appear in ancient cave paintings, and nowadays on commercial farms. As long as humanity existed, animals have always played an important role and society could not have advanced to the point it has today. Nevertheless, there are different perceptions of animals and how they are treated. A popular instance is the case of dogs. In some cultures, like the United States or the United Kingdom, they are loved and considered a great pet to have with the family and at home. In other cultures, such as those where Islam is the majority religion, dogs may be perceived as dirty or dangerous. In China, milk-fed puppies are considered a delicacy. So why do human beings assign different levels of importance to animals? In Hinduism, every single living being possesses a soul, from the animals down to the insects and tiny organisms. In their belief system, like human beings, animals are also beings and subject to the cycle of birth and death and the laws of nature. Hinduism is a compassionate religion and treats all living beings with great respect. This could be one explanation why animals occupy an important place in Hinduism. According to that, Hindus have special feelings about animals and treat them in another way then people of other religions and cultures do. A widespread view of Jains, Buddhists and Hindus is that animals should not be used by humans as food or for other purposes. Differing attitudes and beliefs regarding the relationship of humankind to other creatures lies in the inner motivation of how to see and treat them and is expressed in forms of emotions and feelings towards the animals. Therefore, the human-animal-relationship, in a Hinduist way of life, depends on their belief system and hence emotions and feelings are coherent with that. Accordingly, faith determines how these people, who belong to the oldest religion in the world, feel about animals.

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GRIN Verlag

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3668873690

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9783668873698

How intersectionality is deployed in "12 years a slave"

By: Janine Bergmeir

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How intersectionality is deployed in "12 years a slave"

By: Janine Bergmeir

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Tubingen, course: Marriage, Sex, Adultery: Gender relations in the 19th Century, language: English, abstract: Slavery pertains to the woeful history of America as a calculated and colossal example of man’s inhumanity. It is a grievous monument, full of hatred and brutality, about which stories emerged early. The slave history of America has produced various narratives. In this paper I will analyse the novel “12 years a slave” and its film adaption with regard to the theory of intersectionality. I will examine two different responses to the idea of representing the brutal behaviour of human beings bought, sold and used up like property in literature and film. In my analysis I will make use of Kimberlé Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality and its constituents such as race, gender, ethnicity and class, which are defining dimensions of inequality in this context. The primary aim is to examine how various axes of the term construct one another and how inequalities are articulated and connected with differences between human beings. This will be done by illustrating the multidimensional character of the various axis of the intersectional perspective.

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GRIN Verlag

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3668899118

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9783668899117

Book's by Janine Bergmeir

Filmic Representations of Freaks and Special Features in Tod Browning's 'Freaks'

Filmic Representations of Freaks and Special Features in Tod Browning's 'Freaks'

How the Characters of Claudia and Jasper comply with traditional Gender Roles in "Moon Tiger" by Penelope Lively

How the Characters of Claudia and Jasper comply with traditional Gender Roles in "Moon Tiger" by Penelope Lively

How practitioners of Hinduism feel about animals

How practitioners of Hinduism feel about animals

How intersectionality is deployed in "12 years a slave"

How intersectionality is deployed in "12 years a slave"

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