Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites exhibiting adverse effects on humans, animals as well as crops, resulting in diseases and economic loss. Beticolins are mycotoxins produced by the fungus Cercospora beticola which is responsible for cercosporiosis, commonly known as leaf spot disease, causing heavy damages to crops worldwide. In order to study the mechanism of action of these biologically active compounds, this thesis aimed at the development of synthetic approaches towards the highly complex polycyclic scaffold of beticolins. Beticolins consist of a chlorinated tetrahydroxanthone linked to an anthraquinone subunit via a unique bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ring system. A facile route towards naphthoquinone derivatives and subsequent Diels-Alder cycloadditions with functionalized dienes afforded a highly functionalized anthraquinone subunit of beticolin 0. For the installation of a tetrahydroxanthone subunit, a synthetic route was elaborated. With the obtained anthraquinone derivatives intramolecular couplings were performed under different conditions, to facilitate the construction of the bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ring system. The formation of the desired scaffold turned out to be challenging, however a variety of novel bicyclo[3.3.1]systems was obtained, representing interesting scaffolds. During a research stay at the University of Copenhagen, the functionalization of helical beta-peptoids was examined. Peptidomimetics adopting three-dimensional structures with well-defined display of functional groups while being resistant to proteolysis, are of interest for the development of foldamers with a desired function.
Can international law regulate warfare? Experiences of US bombing suggests it does not solve the twenty-first-century belligerent's legitimacy dilemma.
An examination of the constitutive role of rhythm and movement in the visualization of developing life. In The Form of Becoming Janina Wellmann offers an innovative understanding of the emergence around 1800 of the science of embryology and a new notion of development, one based on the epistemology of rhythm. She argues that between 1760 and 1830, the concept of rhythm became crucial to many fields of knowledge, including the study of life and living processes. She juxtaposes the history of rhythm in music theory, literary theory, and philosophy with the concurrent turn in biology toward understanding the living world in terms of rhythmic patterns, rhythmic movement, and rhythmic representations. Common to all these fields was their view of rhythm as a means of organizing time—and of ordering the development of organisms. With The Form of Becoming, Wellmann, a historian of science, has written the first systematic study of visualization in embryology. Embryological development circa 1800 was imagined through the pictorial technique of the series, still prevalent in the field today. Tracing the origins of the developmental series back to seventeenth-century instructional graphics for military maneuvers, dance, and craft work, The Form of Becoming reveals the constitutive role of rhythm and movement in the visualization of developing life.
The globalization of everyday business and increasing international trade lead to a growing need to improve national and international business collaborations and transactions. This book shows what ontology management can do for process, information and application integration under dynamic e-business conditions. The authors discuss research results and develop novel methods and frameworks. They then apply them to build business use application components deployed as web services.
This book examines why the United States has introduced safeguards that are designed to prevent their counterterrorism policies from causing harm to non-US citizens beyond US territory. It investigates what made US policymakers take steps to "put the gloves back on" through five case studies on the emergence of such safeguards related to the right not to be tortured, the right not to be arbitrarily detained, the right to life (in connection with targeted killing operations), the right to seek asylum (in connection with refugee resettlement), and the right to privacy (in connection with foreign mass surveillance). The book exposes two mechanisms – coercion and strategic learning – which explain why the United States has introduced what the authors refer to as "extraterritorial human rights safeguards", thus demonstrating that the emerging norm that states have human rights obligations towards foreigners beyond their borders constrains policy choices. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of human rights, counterterrorism, US foreign policy, human rights law, and more broadly to political science and international relations.
Although every area of life is permeated by digital processes, the majority of Germans seem to resist digital alternatives with regard to the activity of reading. The printed book continues to enjoy much greater popularity than the eBook. This seems surprising, since the entire communication behavior has moved to digital devices. So what lies behind this? Why are there still printed books in digital times? Previous studies of the printed book have focused primarily on its media future, as this seemed threatened by digitization. In this work, Janina Krieger instead examines the past from three perspectives in order to gain insights into the present. While other studies always chose one method and these mostly belonged to the quantitative approach, here three subjects are identified, which are examined with different methods and in their combination can provide an answer to the research question: the consumers of literature (the readers), literature itself (the selected genre is the novel), and the media theories of the 20th century, which have already dealt with media change.
Discover your own superpowers, and be the hero you were meant to be! Do you suffer from depression, anxiety, or trauma? Have you experienced sexism, marginalization, or even sexual assault? If so, each day can feel like a battle. But you do have the strength within you to rise above life’s challenges. Using a unique blend of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and “superhero therapy,” this one-of-a-kind guide will help you get started. In Super-Women, you’ll find tools to help you explore and process painful experiences, accept difficult thoughts and feelings, and use mindfulness and self-compassion to tap into your own unique superpowers. Alongside seven other heroic women, you’ll learn how to re-write your “origin story” and find compassionate tips and strategies to help you define your own heroic purpose. Joining you will be notable women from all around the world, who’ve submitted their stories and words of encouragement. These women include writers, such as Anne Wheaton, Felicia Day, and Jane Espenson; actors such as Chase Masterson and Ruth Connell; and comedians, activists, and other women who like you understand first-hand how difficult—yet empowering—it can be to be female in a patriarchal society. So, if you’re ready to rise from the ashes and join the leagues of super-women everywhere, read this book. You may discover powers you never even knew you had!
This study is concerned with Early Modern English psalm translations. It focusses on the connection between inspiration and formal perfection as it appears in George Wither's "A Preparation to the Psalter", Philip Sidney's "The Defence of Poesy", "The Sidney Psalter" and "The Bay Psalm Book". Taking into account theological, philosophical, and literary contexts of the time, it reveals the struggle to find a suitable language in praise of God as a main concern of Early Modern religious writers, and presents concepts which are highly relevant for the religious poetry of the time. Dissertation. (Series: Religion and Literature / Religion und Literatur, Vol. 5) [Subject: Religious Studies]
In recent years, the US-led invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq have had an impact on the UK rivalled only by Brexit and the global financial crisis. For people at home, the wars were ever-present in the media yet remained distant and difficult to apprehend. Janina Wierzoch offers an analytical survey of British contemporary war narratives in novels, drama, film, and television that seek to make sense of the experience. The study shows how the narratives, instead of reflecting on the UK`s role as invader, portray war as invading the British home. Home loses its post-Cold War sense of »permanent peace« and is recast as a home/front where war once again becomes part of what it means to be »us«.
A captivating exploration of the changing definitions of life in biology Biological Motion studies the foundational relationship between motion and life. To answer the question, “What is Life?,” prize-winning historian of science Janina Wellmann engages in a transdisciplinary investigation of motion as the most profound definition of living existence. For decades, information and structure have dominated the historiography of the life sciences with its prevailing focus on DNA structure and function. Now more than ever, motion is a crucial theme of basic biological research. Tracing motion from Aristotle’s animal soul to molecular motors, and from medical soft robotics to mathematical analysis, Wellmann locates biological motion at the intersection of knowledge domains and scientific and cultural practices. She offers signposts to mark the sites where researchers, technologies, ideas, and practices opened up new paths in the constitution of the phenomenon of motion. An ambitious rethinking of the life sciences, Biological Motion uncovers the secret life of movement and offers a new account of what it means to be alive.
Healing the Fragmented Selves of Trauma Survivors integrates a neurobiologically informed understanding of trauma, dissociation, and attachment with a practical approach to treatment, all communicated in straightforward language accessible to both client and therapist. Readers will be exposed to a model that emphasizes "resolution"—a transformation in the relationship to one’s self, replacing shame, self-loathing, and assumptions of guilt with compassionate acceptance. Its unique interventions have been adapted from a number of cutting-edge therapeutic approaches, including Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Internal Family Systems, mindfulness-based therapies, and clinical hypnosis. Readers will close the pages of Healing the Fragmented Selves of Trauma Survivors with a solid grasp of therapeutic approaches to traumatic attachment, working with undiagnosed dissociative symptoms and disorders, integrating "right brain-to-right brain" treatment methods, and much more. Most of all, they will come away with tools for helping clients create an internal sense of safety and compassionate connection to even their most dis-owned selves.
This book is based on the results of our interest in the ?eld of ultrashort laser pulses interaction with matter. The aim of our monograph was to build the balanced description of the thermal transport phenomena generated by laser pulses shorter than the characteristic relaxation time. In the book we explore the matter on the quark, nuclear as well atomic scales. Also on the cosmic scale (Planck Era) the thermal disturbance shorter than the Planck time creates the new picture of the Universe. The mathematics, especially PDE, are the main tool in the description of the ultrashort thermal phenomena. Two types of the PDE: parabolic and hyperbolic partial di?erential equations are of special interest in the study of the thermal processes. We assume a moderate knowledge of basic Fourier and d’Alembert eq- tions. The scope of the book is deliberately limited to the background of the quantum mechanics equations: Schr ̈ odinger and Klein-Gordon. In this book the attosecond laser pulses are the main source of the dist- bance of the thermal state of the matter. Recently, the attosecond laser pulses constitute a novel tool for probing processes taking place on the time scale of electron motion inside atoms. The research presented in this book appears to provide the basic tools and concepts for attosecond thermal dynamics. Nevertheless much research is still needed to make this emerging ?eld routinely applicable for a broad range of processes on atomic and subatomic scales.
Janina Klingelhöfer deconstructs the development of the scientific field of crisis communication through the lens of the sociology of knowledge. To integrate both the social and intellectual dimensions of this scientific field, she unites the theoretical considerations of Bourdieu’s field analysis with the concepts of habitus and capital with a Foucauldian discourse analysis to conduct a comprehensive qualitative historiography. The study reflects on the beginnings of the field and its past developments to answer the main research question: How did the scientific field of crisis communication become what it is today?
Janina Mangold uncovers the contributions of philanthropic foundations in higher education in Germany and the USA. Considering the three regime classifications of Varieties of Capitalism, Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, and Social Origins Theory, she examines the role and positioning of German and American higher education foundations vis-à-vis state and market actors in contemporary society. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative data, she then develops urgent policy recommendations for foundations, higher education, and governments.
Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites exhibiting adverse effects on humans, animals as well as crops, resulting in diseases and economic loss. Beticolins are mycotoxins produced by the fungus Cercospora beticola which is responsible for cercosporiosis, commonly known as leaf spot disease, causing heavy damages to crops worldwide. In order to study the mechanism of action of these biologically active compounds, this thesis aimed at the development of synthetic approaches towards the highly complex polycyclic scaffold of beticolins. Beticolins consist of a chlorinated tetrahydroxanthone linked to an anthraquinone subunit via a unique bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ring system. A facile route towards naphthoquinone derivatives and subsequent Diels-Alder cycloadditions with functionalized dienes afforded a highly functionalized anthraquinone subunit of beticolin 0. For the installation of a tetrahydroxanthone subunit, a synthetic route was elaborated. With the obtained anthraquinone derivatives intramolecular couplings were performed under different conditions, to facilitate the construction of the bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ring system. The formation of the desired scaffold turned out to be challenging, however a variety of novel bicyclo[3.3.1]systems was obtained, representing interesting scaffolds. During a research stay at the University of Copenhagen, the functionalization of helical beta-peptoids was examined. Peptidomimetics adopting three-dimensional structures with well-defined display of functional groups while being resistant to proteolysis, are of interest for the development of foldamers with a desired function.
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