Native Americans were the first to inhabit Fraser. In fact, Mulvey Road, the oldest street in Fraser, was originally a Native American trail. As French and English pioneers settled Macomb County, Alexander D. Fras(z)er came from Detroit and established the settlement of Frazer in 1858. Many of the first inhabitants were of German descent. In 1875, a lumber business was established in Frazer by Charles Steffens, who would later serve as president of the village; his son George and George's son Walter also held that office. Another major business started in the community was Reindel Hardware, which began in 1898 and is still in operation. In 1894, Frazer was incorporated as a village. Its English and German spellings, Fraser and Frazer, were used interchangeably until 1928, when a vote was taken to establish the community with an "s." In 1905, Fraser had a major fire that destroyed many of the town's buildings, although a bucket brigade saved many of the residences from the blaze. The State Bank of Fraser was established in 1910, and in 1930 its majestic new building, which still stands today, was built at Fourteen Mile and Utica Roads. In 1956, Fraser was incorporated as a city.
This book establishes and applies a linguistic framework for the synchronic and diachronic analysis of multi-word discourse markers (MWDMs). The aim of this study is to examine in detail how MWDMs have developed out of their polysemous lexical counterparts. First, this study critically evaluates existing Grammaticalization and Pragmaticalization theories addressing both their strengths and drawbacks. In the following, a revised Pragmaticalization approach is developed. Considering three linguistic dimensions, this approach consists of six mechanisms: Discursivization & Scope Extension (semantic dimension), Syntactic Isolation & Acategorialization (syntactic dimension) and Consistency & Prosodic Accentuation (phonological dimension). Using data from the Oxford Etymological Dictionary and the TV Corpus, the study then applies these mechanisms to the MWDMs by the way, all the same and what is more. Providing a detailed corpus-informed analysis of these units, this book demonstrates the advantages of the suggested framework and consequently offers an innovative contribution to the field of linguistics.
Minnesota Biographical Dictionary contains biographies on hundreds of persons from diverse vocations that were either born, achieved notoriety and/or died in the state of Minnesota. Prominent persons, in addition to the less eminent, that have played noteworthy roles are included in this resource. When people are recognized from your state or locale it brings a sense of pride to the residents of the entire state.
Black Diamond City: The Victorian Era is the first book in Jan Peterson's trilogy on the history of Nanaimo. Peterson traces the evolution of the city from its First Nations history to its coal industry to its becoming a diversified Victorian-era community. Using original diaries, journals, letters, ships' logs, government records, maps, archival photographs and her own drawings, Peterson vividly brings to life both the historical events that shaped Nanaimo and its people.
Assessment for Social Justice takes the established idea of 'assessment for learning' and extends it to consider how assessment contributes to social justice within and through higher education. Jan McArthur invites the reader to rethink familiar positions on assessment and fairness and seeks to explore the full complexity of a critical theory-inspired notion of social justice. She positions her work in contrast to more procedural approaches to social justice, such as John Rawls's influential theorisation of social justice. In contrast, McArthur draws on the work of third generation critical theorist, Axel Honneth, and takes inspiration from Honneth's three realms of mutual recognition in order to reconsider the nature of assessment relationships and practices. A further theoretical strand is introduced in the form of social practice theory, and particularly the work of Theodore Shatzki. McArthur provides a theoretically rigorous understanding of assessment as a social practice, and as a vehicle both for and against social justice. Together with critical theory, this work enables a realizable vision of an alternative approach to assessment in higher education, where the underlying aim is greater social justice. McArthur argues that students must be nurtured to recognise the social contribution that they can make as a result of engaging with knowledge in higher education, rather than defining their achievements in terms of a mark, grade or degree classification.
Jan-Erik Lane is a very experienced and well-known author Unique - no other book has such a systematic and global approach to their analysis of democracy (uses methodological positivism) Plenty of use of empirical evidence, so will be useful as a reference tool
Bringing together a comparative analysis of the accessibility by public transport of 23 cities spanning four continents, this book provides a "hands-on" introduction to the evolution, rationale and effectiveness of a new generation of accessibility planning tools that have emerged since the mid-2000s. The Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport Systems (SNAMUTS) tool is used as a practical example to demonstrate how city planners can find answers as they seek to improve public transport accessibility. Uniquely among the new generation of accessibility tools, SNAMUTS has been designed for multi-city comparisons. A range of indicators are employed in each city including: the effectiveness of the public transport network; the relationship between the transport network and land use activity; who gets access within the city; and how resilient the city will be. The cities selected enable a comparison between cities by old world–new world; public transport modes; governance approach; urban development constraints. The book is arranged along six themes that address the different planning challenges cities confront. Richly illustrated with maps and diagrams, this volume acts as a comprehensive sourcebook of accessibility indicators and a snapshot of current policy making around the world in the realm of strategic planning for land use transport integration and the growth of public transport. It provides a deeper understanding of the complexity, opportunities and challenges of twenty-first-century accessibility planning.
This authoritative dictionary provides informative and analytical entries on the most important people, organizations, events, movements, and ideas that have shaped the world we live in. Covering the period from 1900 to the present day, this fully revised and updated new edition presents a global perspective on recent history, with a wide range of new entries from Tony Abbott, the European migration crisis and ISIL to Narendra Modi, Hassan Rouhani, and the Lisbon Treaty. All existing entries have been brought up to date. Handy tables include lists of office-holders for countries and organizations and winners of the Nobel Peace Prize. This accessible dictionary will be revised on a regular basis following the publication of this edition, as will A Guide to Countries of the World, ensuring that coverage of current affairs is up to date. This dictionary is a reliable resource for students of history, politics, and international relations as well as for journalists, policy-makers, and general readers interested in the modern world.
This entirely new English edition, comprehensively revised and edited by T.L. Blockeel, has been translated from German, with some additional text, by the authors. In a single volume, this work provides users with the means of making at least a preliminary identification of any bryophyte or fern which they might encounter in Europe or Macaronesia.
THIS BOOK TELLS the stories of twenty-five women, from the dawn of civilization to the present day, who bent the arc of history by what they did at the defining moment in their lives. At this critical juncture, they had a choice—taking the safe, or least risky, option—or challenging the status quo. They wielded the sword, seized political power, or challenged societal norms and laws—and transformed society contrary to all cultural dictates. Some women were virtual saints, others were more ruthless than any man of their age. One even instituted the first police state in history. These women all faced enormous odds. The social norms of their time were so pervasive and insular that every touchpoint in society bullied them as social media bullies women today—especially those who dare to be different—not for difference’s sake, but to make a difference in their brief time on this planet. To the woman, they responded to challenges, setbacks, and disappointments by redoubling their efforts. We can learn from—and be inspired by—their lives and their grit, and their mistakes. To read their stories is to see ourselves anew.
An insightful look at the first mayor of Nanaimo, BC, drawing heavily on his prolific and insightful written observations. Mark Bate, elected Nanaimo’s first mayor in 1875, was a renaissance man. He loved music, writing, literature, the outdoors, community affairs, and of course politics. Bate served as mayor for sixteen terms—most by acclamation. He retired three times, returning to office after being persuaded to serve again. Historian Jan Peterson skillfully weaves Bate’s own writing—including personal letters, business correspondence, and speeches—into the rich tapestry of nineteenth-century Nanaimo to create a three-dimensional portrait of a truly fascinating man. Bates witnessed and documented Nanaimo’s evolution from mining settlement to incorporated municipality to bona fide city. Mark Bate: Nanaimo’s First Mayor is a must-read for anyone interested in the history of this region and the settlers who helped to shape its communities.
This is the second edition of the established guide to close-range photogrammetry which uses accurate imaging techniques to analyse the three-dimensional shape of a wide range of manufactured and natural objects. After more than 20 years of use, close-range photogrammetry, now for the most part entirely digital, has become an accepted, powerful and readily available technique for engineers, scientists and others who wish to utilise images to make accurate 3D measurements of complex objects. Here they will find the photogrammetric fundamentals, details of system hardware and software, and broad range of real-world applications in order to achieve this. Following the introduction, the book provides fundamental mathematics covering subjects such as image orientation, digital imaging processing and 3D reconstruction methods, as well as a discussion of imaging technology, including targeting and illumination, and its implementation in hardware and software. It concludes with an overview of photogrammetric solutions for typical applications in engineering, manufacturing, medical science, architecture, archaeology and other fields.
The brief and student-friendly approach of this book boils economics down to its essentials, by considering what is truly important for students to learn in their first course in economics. In keeping with the authors' philosophy of showing students the power of economic tools and the importance of economic ideas, this edition pays careful attention to regional and global policies and economic issues ' including the impacts of the ongoing global financial crisis, inflation, unemployment, interest rates, and monetary and fiscal policy. Continuing global financial uncertainty and the current state of the Australian economy provide a constant supply of new material, re-evaluated models, and policy changes and updates for the Principles of Macroeconomics text. The book emphasises the material that students should and do find interesting about the study of the economy, resulting in a focus on applications and policy, and less on formal economic theory. Principles of Macroeconomics, 7e encourages students to make their own judgements by presenting both sides of the debate on five controversial issues facing policymakers: the proper degree of policy activism in response to the business cycle, the choice between rules and discretion in the conduct of monetary policy, the desirability of reaching zero inflation, the importance of balancing the government's budget, and the need for tax reform to encourage saving.
When great songs have been written and released, they often take on a life of their own, reshaped and given new life, transcending genres. THE LIFE OF A SONG is a compilation of weekly columns written for FT Weekend, containing the biographies of 50 songs that have been born, reborn, sometimes hideously mangled, but often reinvigorated by new generations of artists. Here you will find songs that shook the world, songs that heralded the birth of a new musical movement, songs that made the journey from soul to punk and from heavy rock to hip-hop.
When the Hudson's Bay Company decided to establish its new Pacific coast headquarters at Fort Victoria on Vancouver Island in 1843, the Island was a pristine paradise--or an isolated wilderness, depending on one's point of view--that had sustained its First Nations inhabitants for millennia. It was one of the last places to be discovered and settled by Europeans in North America. It was Scots who came to the Island to manage the Company's business in Fort Victoria, engaging in the fur trade and establishing coal-mining ventures around what is now Nanaimo, where "black diamonds" were found in abundance. From founding father James Douglas and other high-placed Company men to the humble miners from Orkney and Ayrshire who were brought over on harsh voyages around Cape Horn to work Nanaimo's mines, the Scottish influence on the young Colony of Vancouver Island was indelible. Nanaimo author and historian Jan Peterson focuses on events and people who sparked settlement and growth in BC's first Crown Colony over six critical years, 1848 to 1854, and delves deep into the roots of the Island's Scottish presence, tracing the lives of such pioneers as Dr. William Tolmie, Robert Dunsmuir and their descendants.
Deforestation of Scotland began millennia ago and by the early 20th century woodland cover was down to about 6 per cent of the total land area. A century later woodland cover had tripled. Most of the newly established forestry plantations were created on elevated land with wet peaty soils and high wind exposure, not exactly the condition in which forests naturally thrive. Jan Oosthoek tells in this book the story of how 20th century foresters devised ways to successfully reforest the poor Scottish uplands, land that was regarded as unplantable, to fulfil the mandate they had received from the Government and wider society to create a timber reserve. He raises the question whether the adopted forestry practice was the only viable means to create forests in the Scottish Highlands by examining debates within the forestry community about the appearance of the forests and their longterm ecological prospects. Finally, the book argues that the long held ecological convictions among foresters and pressure from environmentalists came together in the late 20th century to create more environmentally sensitive forestry.
This well written, captivating tale takes the reader seven centuries into the future to the planet known as Sarnia. Located at the junction of the Orion and Sagittarius Arm of the Milky Way Galaxy, Sarnia is also near the junction of three space faring empires. Previous events have left Terrans living on the planet dealing with life amongst six other intelligent races. For Sarnia host's three intelligent indigenous species, who are unwillingly sharing their native world with two other species imprisoned there, while being administered by another alien species that has been hired by yet another, Sarnia's current rulers, alien species. For those interested in plot, the Planet Sarnia series has a large, multi-threaded plot that plays out over the entire nine book series. The storytelling is very good, with the tale freely flowing from section to section, in a very readable and entertaining manner. What happened to the Terrans living on Sarnia? Please visit the Planet Sarnia website for more information.
Principles of Economics 7th edition combines microeconomics and macroeconomics into one volume for students who take a full year's course. The latest edition of this text continues to focus on important concepts and analyses necessary for students in an introductory economics course. In keeping with the authors' philosophy of showing students the power of economic tools and the importance of economic ideas, this edition pays careful attention to regional and global policies and economic issues ' such as climate change and resource taxation, the impacts of the ongoing global financial crisis, inflation, unemployment, interest rates, monetary and fiscal policy.
This fully revised and updated edition of an established reference book, provides in one volume the most comprehensive and detailed statistical guide available to the government and politics of the twenty-four countries in the OECD. There is no lack of statistical data about the OECD countries (the nineteen countries of Western Europe together with Cabada, the United States, Japan, Australia, and New Sealand); but much of the material is hard to track down and little is available in comparative form. The editors of the present volume have sifted through many hundreds of sources to select the essential facts and figures on population, social structure, employment, the economy, public finance, government structures, and political parties from 1950 to the present day. In addition they provide social and economic background for each of the countries covered to enable the data to be put in context. A short final section lists sources of further information. The resulting combination is both invaluable and fascinating, whether it is used casually to check up a fact or two, or systematically to make detailed comparisons between the most advanced political systems of the Western world.
In his study Jan Hoff charts the unprecedented global boost that has been experienced by critical Marxism since the mid-1960s. In particular Hoff shows the development of interpretations of Marx’s method; of critical social theory oriented towards Marx's critique of political economy; and of significant disputes concerning the different versions and iterations of the critical project that ultimately culminated in Capital. His book investigates the ‘globalisation’ of Marx debates, the complex network of international theoretical approaches that have been devised between the poles of science and politics, the transfer of theory and the historical development of schools of thought beyond national and linguistic borders. Marx Worldwide provides an overview of Marx reception in various regions of the world, in which the extra-European process of theory formation receives particular attention; and it shows how, despite the supersession of Marxism in the sense of an all-encompassing worldview, the Marxian aim of providing an explication of the internal connection of economic categories and relations, and thereby of accomplishing the ‘de-mystification’ of the ‘deranged world’ of the economy, is as relevant and as theoretically important as it has ever been. First published in German by Akademie Verlag as Marx Global. Zur Entwicklung des internationalen Marx-Diskurses seit 1965, Berlin, 2009.
The family justice system in England and Wales has undergone radical change over the past 20 years. A significant part of this shifting landscape has been an increasing emphasis on settling private family disputes out of court, which has been embraced by policy-makers, judges and practitioners alike and is promoted as an unqualified good. Mapping Paths to Family Justice: Resolving Family Disputes in Neoliberal Times examines the experiences of people taking part in out-of-court family dispute resolution in England and Wales. It addresses questions such as how participants’ experiences match up to the ideal; how recent changes to the legal system have affected people’s ability to access out-of-court dispute resolution; and what kind of outcomes are achieved in family dispute resolution. This book is the first study systematically to compare different forms of family dispute resolution. It explores people’s experiences of solicitor negotiations, mediation and collaborative law empirically by analyzing findings from a nationally representative survey, individual in-depth interviews with parties and practitioners, and recorded family dispute resolution processes. It considers these in the context of ongoing neoliberal reforms to the family justice system, drawing out conclusions and implications for policy and practice.
This book analyses the changing political recruitment of the Australian federal parliamentary elite. It argues that the elite's quality has been reduced to a worrisome degree, especially since the 1990s. It suggests that the declining quality of the Australian 'political class' is a major factor behind the declining public trust in politicians.
Appreciative Inquiry: Research for Change is the first book dedicated to exploring appreciative inquiry (AI) as an approach to change-focused research. More than ever, students and researchers seek to do more than report on what they see following a research study or project, but rather engage the research environment (participants, stakeholders) to promote change. In other words, their studies are as much research-based as they are meant to initiate or sustain social or organizational change. Very often, the nature of this dual purpose - research and change - requires the researcher to use nontraditional approaches that bridge the theory-practice gap. In this book, author Jan Reed draws on the work of David Cooperrider and other pioneers in the area of AI to bridge the current gap between consulting activity and academic research in AI. The book begins with real-world, international insights and experiences of AI as a research methodology and offers the history and principles of AI. Next, it provides ways of linking and differentiating these activities and exploring the range of ways to engage AI in change-focused research and practice - from research question and research design through data collection, data analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of findings. And perhaps most importantly, the book places AI in the context of other research paradigms and approaches, addressing positivist versus naturalistic stances, social constructionist concepts, and related methods and methodologies such as action research, PAR, ethnography, case studies, and narrative inquiry. This book is appropriate for use in graduate-level methods courses devoted to appreciative inquiry, change- or community-based research, organizational development and change, and related topics across the social sciences, education, and management. It will also prove invaluable to researchers and professionals who are interested in using AI but need to know how to frame this approach within the greater context of traditional research. Key Features: Comprehensive introduction to Appreciative Inquiry (AI) and the range of debates that it can generate for a researcher or professional used to employing otherwise traditional research models International examples from recent published and unpublished projects in which AI was used, with an emphasis on those that shaped policy, planning, and future practices Discussion and guidance on how to make the connections between AI and various research paradigms and approaches to research, including positivist versus naturalistic research, social constructionist concepts, action research PAR, ethnography, narrative inquiry, and case studies An assessment of the strengths and limitations of AI in research environments Practical guidance and ideas for generating different research questions, managing, organizing, and analyzing data, and communicating and disseminating the final results Individual and group exercises that draw on organizational development techniques as a way to bring AI concepts to life through practice.
AND YOU THOUGHT FUNERALS WERE DULL AFFAIRS - NOT THIS ONE SHE IS HEAVY - SHE'S MY MOTHER Motherhood really is till death us do part - but will I kill her first or vice versa?
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