The logic of correction developed here directly opposes the claim made by evolutionary epistemologists such as Popper and Campbell that there is no such thing as a "logical method for having new ideas." The author argues that beyond scientific discovery, the same logic can be found in the more intimate form of inquiry we conduct as we attempt to articulate meanings for ourselves.
The scope of Security and International Affairs research has expanded tremendously since the end of the Cold War to include topics beyond the realm of war studies or military statecraft. The field—once devoted solely to the study of conventional military and nuclear security issues—has diversified to include foci often considered nontraditional, including peace and conflict, political, economic, environmental, and human security. In this exciting new volume, McGann has undertaken a quantitative and qualitative study of SIA think tanks, looking at global and regional trends in their research. He argues that the end of the Cold War marked a fundamental shift within the field of defense and security studies among think tanks and academics. Tracking the evolution of security as understood by researchers and policymakers is vital as the world follows the path of the Four Mores: more issues, more actors, more competition, and more conflict. As we move forward into a world of rapid change and ubiquitous uncertainty, think tanks will only become more prominent and influential. The volume concludes with an assessment of the future of Security and International Affairs studies and raises the possibility of a return to a traditional security focus driven by recent events in Europe and the Middle East. This will be an important resource for students and scholars of security studies, global governance, and think tanks.
Few can imagine a world without telephones or televisions; many depend on computers and the Internet as part of daily life. Without scientific theory, these developments would not have been possible. In this exceptionally clear and engaging introduction to philosophy of science, James Ladyman explores the philosophical questions that arise when we reflect on the nature of the scientific method and the knowledge it produces. He discusses whether fundamental philosophical questions about knowledge and reality might be answered by science, and considers in detail the debate between realists and antirealists about the extent of scientific knowledge. Along the way, central topics in philosophy of science, such as the demarcation of science from non-science, induction, confirmation and falsification, the relationship between theory and observation and relativism are all addressed. Important and complex current debates over underdetermination, inference to the best explaination and the implications of radical theory change are clarified and clearly explained for those new to the subject.
Over 6,000 men from Portsmouth are believed to have been killed during the First World War – the greatest loss of life that the city has ever known. Not only were thousands of Portsmouth soldiers killed on the Western Front, but Portsmouth-based ships were sunk throughout the war, causing massive loss of life. Thanks to a wealth of sources available and painstaking use of database software, it is possible to tell their stories in more detail than ever before. James Daly builds an extremely detailed picture of Portsmouth's First World War dead, down to where they were born and where they lived. Not only will their powerfully poignant stories tell us about how the war was fought and won, and their sacrifices, but they will also provide a vividly clear picture of how Portsmouth and its people suffered during the war to end all wars.
Every Thing Must Go argues that the only kind of metaphysics that can contribute to objective knowledge is one based specifically on contemporary science as it really is, and not on philosophers' a priori intuitions, common sense, or simplifications of science. In addition to showing how recent metaphysics has drifted away from connection with all other serious scholarly inquiry as a result of not heeding this restriction, they demonstrate how to build a metaphysics compatible with current fundamental physics ('ontic structural realism'), which, when combined with their metaphysics of the special sciences ('rainforest realism'), can be used to unify physics with the other sciences without reducing these sciences to physics itself. Taking science metaphysically seriously, Ladyman and Ross argue, means that metaphysicians must abandon the picture of the world as composed of self-subsistent individual objects, and the paradigm of causation as the collision of such objects. Every Thing Must Go also assesses the role of information theory and complex systems theory in attempts to explain the relationship between the special sciences and physics, treading a middle road between the grand synthesis of thermodynamics and information, and eliminativism about information. The consequences of the author's metaphysical theory for central issues in the philosophy of science are explored, including the implications for the realism vs. empiricism debate, the role of causation in scientific explanations, the nature of causation and laws, the status of abstract and virtual objects, and the objective reality of natural kinds.
Ensure a thorough understanding of the Common Entrance Geography syllabus with this essential ISEB-endorsed textbook for 13+ exam preparation. Geography for Common Entrance: Human Geography covers this element of the ISEB Common Entrance syllabus. Topic-based content, clear illustrations and challenging end-of-chapter questions encourage learning and inspire curiosity in how humankind has impacted upon the physical environment. The book provides a solid grounding in mapwork skills, population and settlement, transport and industry and environmental issues. - Suitable for all ISEB 13+ Geography exams taken from Autumn 2015 onwards - Endorsed by ISEB - Provides detailed explanations of all key topics - Includes varied case studies to stimulate pupils' interest - Features a 'location knowledge' section and exam tips and guidance Also available from Galore Park www.galorepark.co.uk - Geography for Common Entrance: Human Geography Answers - Geography for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Questions - Geography for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Questions - Geography for Common Entrance 13+ Revision Guide - Geography for Common Entrance: Physical Geography - Geography for Common Entrance: Physical Geography Answers - Geography for Common Entrance: Human Geography Answers
One hundred fifty years ago the McCoy brothers of Springfield, Illinois, bet their fortunes on Abilene, Kansas, then just a slapdash way station. Instead of an endless horizon of prairie grasses, they saw a bustling outlet for hundreds of thousands of Texas Longhorns coming up the Chisholm Trail—and the youngest brother, Joseph, saw how a middleman could become wealthy in the process. This is the story of how that gamble paid off, transforming the cattle trade and, with it, the American landscape and diet. The Chisholm Trail follows McCoy’s vision and the effects of the Chisholm Trail from post–Civil War Texas and Kansas to the multimillion-dollar beef industry that remade the Great Plains, the American diet, and the national and international beef trade. At every step, both nature and humanity put roadblocks in McCoy’s way. Texas cattle fever had dampened the appetite for longhorns, while prairie fires, thunderstorms, blizzards, droughts, and floods roiled the land. Unscrupulous railroad managers, stiff competition from other brokers, Indians who resented the usurping of their grasslands, and farmers who preferred growing wheat to raising cattle all threatened to impede the McCoys’ vision for the trail. As author James E. Sherow shows, by confronting these obstacles, McCoy put his own stamp upon the land, and on eating habits as far away as New York City and London. Joseph McCoy’s enterprise forged links between cattlemen, entrepreneurs, and restaurateurs; between ecology, disease, and technology; and between local, national, and international markets. Tracing these connections, The Chisholm Trail shows in vivid terms how a gamble made in the face of uncontrollable natural factors indelibly changed the environment, reshaped the Kansas prairie into the nation’s stockyard, and transformed Plains Indian hunting grounds into the hub of a domestic farm culture.
It all began when James Peterson was a camp counselor and two children, watching him meditate, described the colors they saw around his form: “…we saw colors coming out of his stomach. And the outside was purple, then it was blue, then it was yellow, then reddish and light yellow in the middle.” Studies indicate that almost seven percent of young children have such psychic experiences. For the most part, they don’t tell anybody about them for fear of being ridiculed. But the author believes it would be psychologically healthy for them to relate such occurrences to adults if they feel the need. In this book Peterson has put together a charming collection of case-histories about such psychic episodes. He believes they should be accepted as factual: that frequently they emanate from the “wisdom of innocence” present in youngsters. The question of the secret life of kids is examined by Peterson from the point of view of philosophy, occultism, and child psychology. He suggests why and how such experiences manifest, and their potential value to the child’s growth pattern.
This book explores the hopes, desires, and imagined futures that characterized British radicalism in the 1790s, and the resurfacing of this sense of possibility in the following decades. The articulation of “Jacobin” sentiments reflected the emotional investments of men and women inspired by the French Revolution and committed to political transformation. The authors emphasize the performative aspects of political culture, and the spaces in which mobilization and expression occurred – including the club room, tavern, coffeehouse, street, outdoor meeting, theater, chapel, courtroom, prison, and convict ship. America, imagined as a site of republican citizenship, and New South Wales, experienced as a space of political exile, widened the scope of radical dreaming. Part 1 focuses on the political culture forged under the shifting influence of the French Revolution. Part 2 explores the afterlives of British Jacobinism in the year 1817, in early Chartist memorialization of the Scottish “martyrs” of 1794, and in the writings of E. P. Thompson. The relationship between popular radicals and the Romantics is a theme pursued in several chapters; a dialogue is sustained across the disciplinary boundaries of British history and literary studies. The volume captures the revolutionary decade’s effervescent yearning, and its unruly persistence in later years.
America's History helps AP students: Grasp vital themes: The seventh edition emphasizes political culture and political economy to help students understand the ways in which society, culture, politics, and the economy inform one another. Understand periodization: America's History's unique seven-part structure, which organizes history into distinct eras, introduces students to periodization and helps them understand cause and effect, identify historical continuities, and track change over time. Develop the skills they need to succeed: America's History's hallmark analytical narrative and pedagogy help students synthesize what they've learned and interpret history for themselves."--Back cover.
With fresh interpretations from two new authors, wholly reconceived themes, and a wealth of cutting-edge new scholarship, the seventh edition of America's History is designed to work perfectly with the way you teach the survey today. Building on the book's hallmark strengths — balance, comprehensiveness, and explanatory power — as well as its outstanding visuals and extensive primary-source features, authors James Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, and Robert Self have shaped America's History into the ideal resource for survey classes.
With fresh interpretations from two new authors, wholly reconceived themes, and a wealth of cutting-edge new scholarship, the seventh edition of America's History is designed to work perfectly with the way you teach the survey today. Building on the book's hallmark strengths — balance, comprehensiveness, and explanatory power — as well as its outstanding visuals and extensive primary-source features, authors James Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, and Robert Self have shaped America's History into the ideal resource for survey classes.
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