In Philip K. Dick’s short story Minority Report, the institution of Precrime punishes people with imprisonment for crimes they would have committed had they not been prevented. With Dick’s allegorical inspiration, the authors of Criminal Law and Precrime: Legal Studies in Canadian Punishment and Surveillance in Anticipation of Criminal Guilt posit that recent developments in Canadian law indicate a trend toward imposing punitive measures at increasingly earlier stages of the prosecutorial process. The result is a potentially new field of criminal management that could be characterized as "precrime"—particularly the use of the law as a technology of surveillance and prevention since "terror" became a justification for intervention. The authors note that as risk management logics (based in actuarial sciences) have shifted to precautionary ones (based in administrative sciences), the law has responded by developing techniques in the arena of criminal regulation in light of the "war on terror": the need to ensure security, the proliferation of digital data, and the development of drones, social networking, and cloud storage to gather personal data. The authors view shifts in criminal investigation; the substantive criminal law of sexual expression, conduct, and work; and civil forfeiture as emblematic of precrime populism. The unifying theme of these techniques is that they occur prior to state-identified crime, arise out of a precautionary philosophy, and seek to presume (or circumvent) criminality. The book is a provocative read for scholars and students in criminal law, policing, and surveillance, as well as for those interested in how areas of law, such as immigration, health, and anti-terrorism, are mobilizing the logics of risk and surveillance in new ways that emphasize precaution. The authors invite legal scholars to place the analytical lens of precrime on criminal and regulatory practices in Canada as well as other Western nations across the globe.
The pervasiveness of surveillance, punishment, and control within and outside of spaces such as jails, prisons, and detention centres suggests that the carceral is becoming an increasingly prevalent presence in our lives, going beyond historical standards. The contemporary use of electronic monitoring extends carceral territory beyond prison walls, into people’s homes and everyday lives. Empirically and empathetically driven, Portable Prisons is a telling exploration of the electronic monitoring of offenders based on an ethnographic case study from Scotland. Electronic monitoring must be understood – in both intent and effect – as a carceral practice, an expression of the carceral state and its overreaching punitive capabilities. James Gacek demonstrates that various people experience punishment by means of restrictions around mobility, space, and time in ways that strongly overlap with the reported experiences of interviewed prisoners. Drawing attention to how the neoliberal state outsources the labour of punishment to private corporations and the punished themselves, he also rejects the idea that “soft” punishment is in any way related to the movement for decarceration. Offering an original contribution to our understanding of the geography of incarceration, Portable Prisons is a sophisticated account of electronic monitoring, underlining the growing significance of this field.
The Akhbār majmū‘a has in recent years been a topic of fierce debate, thought to be either one of the oldest original sources for the history of early Islamic Spain or a late compilation of earlier sources. This book examines the early history of Islamic Spain and provides a translation of this key contemporary account.
July 12, 2011-Over the course of a generation, Brazil has emerged as both a driver of growth in South America and as an active force in world politics. A new Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)-sponsored Independent Task Force report asserts "that it is in the interest of the United States to understand Brazil as a complex international actor whose influence on the defining global issues of the day is only likely to increase."Brazil currently ranks as the world's fifth-largest landmass, fifth-largest population, and expects to soon be ranked the fifth largest economy. The report, Global Brazil and U.S.-Brazil Relations, recommends that "U.S. policymakers recognize Brazil's standing as a global actor, treat its emergence as an opportunity for the United States, and work with Brazil to develop complementary policies."The Task Force is chaired by former secretary of energy Samuel W. Bodman and former president of the World Bank James D. Wolfensohn, and directed by CFR Senior Fellow and Director for Latin America Studies, and Director of the Global Brazil Initiative Julia E. Sweig.Recognizing Brazil's global role, the report recommends that the Obama administration now fully endorse the country's bid for a seat as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). It argues that "a formal endorsement from the United States for Brazil would go far to overcome lingering suspicion within the Brazilian government that the U.S. commitment to a mature relationship between equals is largely rhetorical."Domestically, Brazil's "inclusive growth has translated into a significant reduction of inequality, an expansion of the middle class, and a vibrant economy, all framed within a democratic context." Consequently, Brazil has been able to use its economic bona fides to leverage a stronger position in the international, commercial, and diplomatic arena.The report stresses the importance of regular communication between the presidents of both countries. "Cooperation between the United States and Brazil holds too much promise for miscommunication or inevitable disagreements to stand in the way of potential gains." A mature, working relationship means that "the United States and Brazil can help each other advance mutual interests even without wholesale policy agreements between the two," notes the report.The Task Force further recommends that- the U.S. Congress "include an elimination of the ethanol tariff in any bill regarding reform to the ethanol and biofuel tax credit regime."- the United States "take the first step to waive visa requirements for Brazilians by immediately reviewing Brazil's criteria for participation in the Visa Waiver Program."- the U.S. State Department create an Office for Brazilian Affairs and the National Security Council (NSC) centralize its efforts under a NSC director for Brazil in order to better coordinate the current decentralized U.S. policy.The bipartisan Task Force includes thirty distinguished experts on Brazil who represent a range of perspectives and backgrounds. The report includes a number of additional views by Task Force members, including one that notes, "We believe that a more gradual approach [regarding Brazil's inclusion as a full UNSC member] would likely have more success in navigating the diplomatic complexities presented by U.S. support for Brazil." Another view asserts, "If the United States supports, as the Obama administration has said it does, leadership structures in international institutions that are more reflective of international realities, it must support without qualifications Brazil's candidacy [for the UNSC].
This book is the first published English-language translation of the significant History of Islamic Spain by Ibn al-Qutiya (d. Cordova 367 / 977). Including extensive notes and comments, a genealogical table and relevant maps, the text is preceded by a study of the author and his work, and is the only serious examination of the unique manuscript since Pascual de Gayangos’ edition in 1868. Ibn al-Qutiya’s work is one of the significant and earliest histories of Muslim Spain and an important source for scholars. Although like most Muslims of al-Andalus in this period, Ibn al-Qutiya was of European origin, he was a loyal servant of the Iberian Umayyads, and taught Arabic, traditions (hadith) and history in the Great Mosque of Cordova. Written at the height of the Umayyad Caliphate of Muslim Spain and Portugal (al-Andalus), the History describes the first 250 years of Muslim rule in the peninsula. The text, first fully translated into Spanish in 1926, deals with all aspects of life, and includes accounts of Christians, Jews and Muslim converts. This book will be of great interest to scholars and students of the history of Spain and Portugal, Islamic history, and Mediaeval European history.
Modern microsurgical techniques have opened up a new horizon for the otoneurosurgeon. This volume is a very important contribu tion to the student who is learning these surgical approaches. Surgical otoneurology has now passed the infancy stage, but is still an adolescent. As more otologists and neurosurgeons become skilled in this type of surgery, new and better approaches will evolve. Certainly there needs to be much better management of the carotid artery as it passes through the temporal bone. Better techniques to preserve the IX, X, and XI nerves in the jugular bulb area should be developed, and more delicate procedures for management of lesions inside the cochlea and vestibular labyrinth should be developed. As our diagnostic techniques have improved, particularly through imaging, surgical techniques to match the improved diagnostic techniques will emerge. For future otoneurologists who are pre pared, many problems involving the temporal bone that are now considered untreatable will be successfully managed for very grateful patients. The purpose of this text is to familiarize the otoneurosur geon with the anatomy of the temporal bone, skull base, infratem poral fossa, and cerebellopontine angle. This anatomy will be taught by demonstrating surgical procedures. This atlas which is an example of cooperation between the schools of Los Angeles and Verona will permit the reader to rehearse otoneurosurgical procedures in the laboratory, and, when the techniques have been mastered, apply the various approaches in the treatment of inner ear and skull base lesions. William F. House MD.
The pre-Islamic warrior-poet 'Antarah ibn Shaddad, a composer of one of the Mu'allaqat, attracted the attention of the philologists who were active in Iraq at the nascence of the scholarly study of Arabic. These philologists collected and studied the diwan of 'Antarah as part of their recovery and codification of the Jahiliyyah: 'Antarah became one of the Six Poets, a collection of pre-Islamic poets associated with al-Asma'i, “the father of Arabic philology.” Two centuries later, in al-Andalus, al-Shantamari and al-Batalyawsi composed their commentaries on the diwans of the Six Poets. This study uncovers the literary history of 'Antarah’s diwan and presents five editions, with critical apparatus, of the extant recensions, based on an extensive collation of the surviving manuscripts. An Arabic edition with English scholarly apparatus.
Announcing a better source for dependable answers in your fast-paced field! This new reference, edited by James G. Adams, MD, presents the right kind of know-how - the right way - so you can get what you need and move on. You'll have just enough background to understand each problem without getting bogged down ... expert decision-making assistance, with evidence where available ... and a user-friendly format that delivers high-yield guidance in instants, both in print and online! Features chapters on Complication of Gynecologic Procedures in Abortion, and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Complications of Bariatric Surgery to address the increasing number of patients you see with these complications. Basic science coverage is just detailed enough so you can understand every problem quickly, without being overwhelmed. A focus on the most common differential diagnoses helps you to "think horses, not zebras." Clinical recommendations are founded upon sound evidentiary guidelines, wherever available, to assist you in implementing evidence-based practices. Brief, clear chapters, written to consistent, highly practical templates, enable you to get the knowledge you need as efficiently as you need it. Prominent text boxes emphasize priority actions, facts and formulas, documentation, patient teaching, and tips and tricks, so you can apply actionable information easily. More than 500 full-color clinical photographs let you see emergent conditions as they present in real life. Full-text online access allows you to perform quick searches, tap into regular updates, and download illustrations. It's a perfect way to get instant answers in your busy emergency department.
This comprehensive compendium of current knowledge in the fields of otology/neurotology, rhinology, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, paediatric otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery and bronchoesophagology features sections on facial plastic, reconstructive surgery and paediatrics. The content reflects the central responsibility of the otorhinolaryngologist in treating patients with diseases affecting the senses of smell, taste and balance. Also encompassed in this section are treatments for disorders of human communication affecting hearing, voice, speech and language.
Diagnostic Audiology Pocket Guide: Evaluation of Hearing, Tinnitus, and Middle Ear Function is intended as a quick reference for audiology students, new clinicians, and any experienced audiologists who want easy access to diagnostic information for rapid review. The first part of this guide covers the routine and special tests audiologists must conduct and interpret in their practices. Next, disorders such as nonorganic hearing loss, middle and inner ear disorders, and systemic disorders are covered with a separate chapter set aside for audiogram examples. The final chapter is devoted to medical referral decision-making criteria.
At the heart of the story of America’s wars are our “citizen soldiers”—those hometown heroes who fought and sacrificed from Bunker Hill at Charlestown to Pointe du Hoc in Normandy, and beyond, without expectation of recognition or recompense. Americans like to think that the service of its citizen volunteers is, and always has been, of momentous importance in our politics and society. But though this has made for good storytelling, the reality of America’s relationship to its veterans is far more complex. In Those Who Have Borne the Battle, historian and marine veteran James Wright tells the story of the long, often troubled relationship between America and those who have defended her—from the Revolutionary War to today—shedding new light both on our history and on the issues our country and its armed forces face today. From the beginning, American gratitude to its warriors was not a given. Prior to World War II, the prevailing view was that, as citizen soldiers, the service of its young men was the price of citizenship in a free society. Even Revolutionary War veterans were affectionately, but only temporarily, embraced, as the new nation and its citizens had much else to do. In time, the celebration of the nation’s heroes became an important part of our culture, building to the response to World War II, where warriors were celebrated and new government programs provided support for veterans. The greater transformation came in the wars after World War II, as the way we mobilize for war, fight our wars, and honor those who serve has changed in drastic and troubling ways. Unclear and changing military objectives have made our actions harder for civilians to stand behind, a situation compounded by the fact that the armed forces have become less representative of American society as a whole. Few citizens join in the sacrifice that war demands. The support systems seem less and less capable of handling the increasing number of wounded warriors returning from our numerous and bewildering conflicts abroad. A masterful work of history, Those Who Have Borne the Battle expertly relates the burdens carried by veterans dating back to the Revolution, as well as those fighting today’s wars. And it challenges Americans to do better for those who serve and sacrifice today.
Thoroughly revised to include 25 conflicts not covered in the previous edition, as well as expanded and updated information on previous coverage, this illustrated reference presents descriptions and analyses of more than 170 significant post-World War II conflicts around the globe. Organized by region for ease of access, "Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II, Second Edition" provides clear, in-depth explanations of events not covered in such detail in any other reference source. Including more than 180 detailed maps and 150 photos, the set highlights the conflicts that dominate today's headlines and the events that changed the course of late twentieth-century history.
From the Internet's infrastructure to operating systems like GNU/Linux, the open source movement comprises some of the greatest accomplishments in computing over the past quarter century. Its story embraces technological advances, unprecedented global collaboration, and remarkable tools for facilitating distributed development. The evolution of the Internet enabled an enormous expansion of open development, allowing developers to exchange information and ideas without regard to constraints of space, time, or national boundary. The movement has had widespread impact on education and government, as well as historic cultural and commercial repercussions. Part I discusses key open source applications, platforms, and technologies used in open development. Part II explores social issues ranging from demographics and psychology to legal and economic matters. Part III discusses the Free Software Foundation, open source in the public sector (government and education), and future prospects.
The Politics of the Police offers a geographical and historical overview of the law and politics of the police. This fifth edition covers a wider range of empirical and theoretical issues, encompassing a transnational scope and reflecting the growing diversity of policing forms in today's globalized world.
Self-Assessment in Otolaryngology, by Drs. James Paul O'Neill and Jatin P. Shah, covers the entire field of otolaryngology, offering 24 comprehensive chapters filled with questions and answers, bulleted information, case histories, and much more. Written by specialists from around the world, this one-of-a-kind self-assessment tool showcases today's international, expert knowledge and judgment in the practice of otolaryngology - Includes a variety of questions in every chapter (true/false, multiple choice, and "best answer") followed by high-yield information, case histories, management issues, images, scans, and recommended readings. - Every question is followed by a bulleted list of the minimum core knowledge required for that particular area. - Offers the most current information on new technologies, outcomes data, results of clinical trials, and future directions. - Contains both U.S. and European-style board questions. - Allows you to test your expertise on hundreds of day-to-day issues encountered in the practice of otolaryngology.
The ultimate expression of power is the ability to act beyond the confines of law, with contemporary society enabling elite groups to wield “panoramic power”. From the murderous crimes of the corporate giants that provide us with life’s luxuries and necessities to the data gathering activities of media and educational institutions, the authors offer new thinking on damaging structures of power and privilege. This accessible book provides a comprehensive understanding of elite corporate wrongdoing, and the late capitalist society that enables harm, considering both how we got into this mess and how we get out of it.
With a growing number of people, young and old, engaged in a variety of physical activities, the field of sports medicine has gained greater importance for medical professionals. Nonsurgical Sports Medicine provides a comprehensive guide for the physician whose practice includes preparing patients to take part in sports as well as diagnosing and treating any resulting injuries. Nonsurgical Sports Medicine begins with an overview of the principles of the preparticipation medical evaluation and outlines how preexisting medical conditions may be optimally managed in the athlete. Individual chapters cover the evaluation and treatment of head and spine injuries, injuries to the upper and lower extremities, and overuse syndromes. The book also addresses such important issues as infectious diseases, ergogenic agents, the needs of older and young athletes, women in sports, and the effect of environmental conditions on athletes. Along with detailed discussions of the anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system, the authors describe specific maneuvers during the physical examination which are important for evaluation and diagnosis. Nonsurgical Sports Medicine provides a broad range of information that complements a physician's general knowledge and that will be invaluable in assessing patients with sports-related injuries.
Fungi research and knowledge grew rapidly following recent advances in genetics and genomics. This book synthesizes new knowledge with existing information to stimulate new scientific questions and propel fungal scientists on to the next stages of research. This book is a comprehensive guide on fungi, environmental sensing, genetics, genomics, interactions with microbes, plants, insects, and humans, technological applications, and natural product development.
Emergency Medicine, 2nd Edition delivers all the relevant clinical core concepts you need for practice and certification, all in a comprehensive, easy-to-absorb, and highly visual format. This well-regarded emergency medicine reference offers fast-access diagnosis and treatment guidelines that quickly provide the pearls and secrets of your field, helping you optimize safety, efficiency, and quality in the ED as well as study for the boards. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Get clear, concise descriptions and evidence-based treatment guidelines for a full range of clinical conditions, ranging from the common to the unusual. Find the information you need quickly with a highly visual format that features hundreds of full-color clinical photographs, illustrations, algorithms, tables, and graphs, plus key information highlighted for fast reference. Consult high-yield text boxes in every chapter for Priority Actions, Facts and Formulas, Documentation, Patient Teaching Tips, Red Flags, and Tips and Tricks. Make the most of your limited time with easy-to-digest blocks of information, consistently presented for clear readability and quick reference. Study efficiently and effectively for the boards, or rapidly consult this title in daily practice, thanks to well-organized chapters, a superb use of images and diagrams, and clinically relevant, easy-to-understand content. Benefit from the knowledge and expertise of renowned educators, dedicated to compiling today’s best knowledge in emergency medicine into one highly useful, readable text. Be prepared to manage increasingly prevalent problems seen in the ED, such as emergent complications of fertility treatment and management of patients who have had bariatric surgery. Deliver high-quality care to your younger patients with expanded pediatrics content. Stay up to date with new chapters on Clotting Disorders and Hemophilia, Patient-Centered Care, Health Disparities and Diversity in Emergency Medicine, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Antibiotic Recommendations for Empirical Treatment of Selected Infectious Diseases, and Cardiac Emergency Ultrasound: Evaluation for Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac Activity. Access the complete contents of Emergency Medicine online, fully searchable, at www.expertconsult.com, with downloadable images, tables and boxes, and expanded chapters, plus videos demonstrating ultrasound-guided vascular access, sonography for trauma, and more.
Part of David J. Magee's Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Series, Athletic and Sport Issues in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation provides expert insight and clear rehabilitation guidelines to help you manage injuries and special medical needs unique to athletic clients. Contributions from leading physical therapists, athletic trainers, and orthopedic surgeons give you a comprehensive, clinically relevant understanding of common sports-related injuries and help you ensure the most effective therapeutic outcomes. - Addresses a broad range of sports-related injuries and conditions - Reinforces key concepts with highlighted content and hundreds of detailed illustrations - Summarizes essential information for fast, easy reference in class or in clinical settings
Radiation Oncology: Rationale, Technique, Results, by James D. Cox, MD and K. Kian Ang, MD, PhD, provides you with authoritative guidance on the latest methods for using radiotherapy to treat patients with cancer. Progressing from fundamental principles through specific treatment strategies for the cancers of each organ system, it also addresses the effects of radiation on normal structures and the avoidance of complications. This 9th edition covers the most recent indications and techniques in the field, including new developments in proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). It also features, for the first time, full-color images throughout the text to match those that you see in practice, and uses new color-coded treatment plans to make targets, structures, and doses easier to read at a glance. Evidence from randomized clinical trials is included whenever possible to validate clinical recommendations. The state-of-the-art coverage inside this trusted resource equips you to target cancer as effectively as possible while minimizing harm to healthy tissue. Stands apart as the only book in the field to cover the conceptual framework for the use of radiotherapy by describing the most effective techniques for treatment planning and delivery and presenting the results of each type of therapy. Emphasizes clinical uses of radiation therapy, providing pertinent, easy-to-understand information on state-of-the-art treatments. Includes information useful for non-radiotherapists, making it "recommended reading" for other oncology specialists. Offers a practical, uniform chapter structure to expedite reference. Guides you through the use of the newest radiation oncology techniques, including principles of proton therapy and new developments in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Incorporates evidence from randomized clinical trials whenever possible to validate clinical recommendations. Presents full-color images throughout to match the images that you see in practice. Extensive use of "combination" imaging presents a complete picture of how to more precisely locate and target the radiotherapy field.
The field's definitive work from a Nobel Prize-winning author 900 full-color illustrations Principles of Neural Science, 5e describes our current understanding of how the nerves, brain, and mind function. From molecules to anatomic structures and systems to cognitive function, this comprehensive reference covers all aspects of neuroscience. Widely regarded as the field’s cornerstone reference, the fifth edition is highlighted by more than 900 full-color illustrations. The fifth edition has been completely updated to reflect the tremendous amount of new research and development in neuroscience in the last decade. Lead author Eric Kandel was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000.
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