Contrary to the common belief that dietary supplements are “unregulated” in the United States, nutrients and other dietary ingredient-containing products have been regulated in this country for a little over a century at least in some capacity, initially through the Pure Food and Drug Act (PFDA) of 1906 and culminating with the many anticipated regulations to be implemented following the recent enactment of the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010 (FSMA). The goal of this brief is to review and discuss the current statutes and regulations surrounding the ingredients, manufacturing standards, safety, and labeling of dietary supplements for the purpose of protecting consumers.
From the mid-1920s, the dance hall occupied a pivotal place in the culture of working- and lower-middle-class communities in Britain - a place rivalled only by the cinema and eventually to eclipse even that institution in popularity. Going to the Palais examines the history of this vital social and cultural institution, exploring the dances, dancers, and dance venues that were at the heart of one of twentieth-century Britain's most significant leisure activities. Going to the Palais has several key focuses. First, it explores the expansion of the dance hall industry and the development of a 'mass audience' for dancing between 1918 and 1960. Second, the impact of these changes on individuals and communities is examined, with a particular concentration on working and lower-middle-class communities, and on young men and women. Third, the cultural impact of dancing and dance halls is explored. A key aspect of this debate is an examination of how Britain's dance culture held up against various standardizing processes (for example, commercialization, Americanization) over the period, and whether we can see the emergence of a 'national' dance culture. Finally, the volume offers an assessment of wider reactions to dance halls and dancing in the period. Going to the Palais is concerned with the complex relationship between discourses of class, culture, gender, and national identity and how they overlap - how cultural change, itself a response to broader political, social, and economic developments, was helping to change notions of class, gender, and national identity.
Whether patient problems stem from mental distress and ill health, historic substance abuse, demanding family members or abusive behaviour, difficult patients place extra demands on nurses both personally and professionally. This is a practical guide to dealing with these patients.
This book is a bridge between ecological paradigms – organismal/community approaches to food web dynamics and ecosystem-level approaches to production. The unification of organismal, community, and ecosystem approaches in ecology is emerging due to the growing availability of new techniques for assessing trophic interactions and their implications for ecosystems. Trophic Ecology is a formal text for both newcomers to the discipline as well as seasoned professionals looking for new ideas and refreshers on old topics. A wide range of topics are explained including autotrophy, heterotrophy, omnivory, decomposition, foraging behavior and theory, trophic cascades, bioenergetics, and production. The audience is upper-level undergraduate students and entry-level graduate students interested in autecological, organismal approaches to ecology, community and ecosystem ecology. It is also a reference text for instructors teaching upper-division courses, providing examples from the literature, quantitative approaches to teach, and new hypotheses yet to be fully tested by ecologists.
With 300 brand new multiple true-false (MTF) questions and reasoned answers, Get Through Primary FRCA: MTFs, along with the companion SBA volume, provides candidates with the definitive revision resource for this challenging examination.Includes 300 brand new MTF questions, providing up-to-date practice for the latest format of the examinationQuest
A critical evaluation of the address the preeminent African American abolitionist and orator gave in observance of Independence Day. On July 5th, 1852, Frederick Douglass, one of the greatest orators of all time, delivered what was arguably the century’s most powerful abolition speech. At a time of year where American freedom is celebrated across the nation, Douglass eloquently summoned the country to resolve the contradiction between slavery and the founding principles of our country. In this book, James A. Colaiaco vividly recreates the turbulent historical context of Douglass’ speech and delivers a colorful portrait of the country in the tumultuous years leading to the Civil War. Now including a reader’s guide with discussion points, this book provides a fascinating new perspective on a critical time in American history. Praise for Frederick Douglass and the Fourth of July “If you’re feeling blasé about this year’s observance of our oldest patriotic holiday, James A. Colaiaco’s Frederick Douglass and the Fourth of July should stir you out of complacency. . . . What makes [it] essential reading is its deepening of one’s appreciation for how the color-blind, malleable Constitution is a tissue of ambiguity and compromises.” —The Wall Street Journal “Colaiaco provides the most complete exposition yet of Douglass’s constitutional abolitionism . . . [He] performs a vital service in reviving the moral spirit of America’s greatest exemplar of black manhood.” —Claremont Review of Books “[Colaiaco’s] examination of this long-forgotten masterpiece is long overdue and superbly realized.” —Harold Holzer, author of Lincoln at Cooper Union, co-chairman U.S. Lincoln Bicentennial Commission
This book presents a unique and intuitively compelling way of understanding how humans think. It argues that narratives are the natural mode of thinking, that the “urge” to think narratively reflects known neurological processes, and that, although narrative thinking is a product of evolution, it enables us to transcend our evolutionary limits and actively shape our own futures. In remarkably engaging language, the authors describe how the currency of neural activity in the brain is transformed into the qualitatively different currency of conscious experience—the everyday, purposeful, story-like experience with which we all are familiar. The book then examines the nature of thought and how it leads to purposeful action, discussing, among other concerns, how memories about the past, perceptions about the present, and expectations about the future are structured as plausible, coherent narratives by causation, purpose, and time, and how errors are introduced into one’s narratives, both naturally and by other people (often intentionally), and how those errors bias one’s expectations about the future and the actions taken (or not taken) as a consequence. Each of these discussions is followed by a commentary that ties them to interesting facts and questions from throughout the physical and social sciences. The book is concluded with the argument that narrative thought is what is meant when one uses the word “mind.”
Since the cessation of major combat operations in Iraq, approximately 120 people - either contract workers or private soldiers - have been abducted, with one-third being executed. The largest contingent of these workers has been provided by the Philippines. Through a specific, though not exclusive, focus on the Philippines connection, this book considers the myriad ways in which transnational labour migration intersects with the occupation of Iraq. Also examining the role of the USA in the Middle East, the book places the war on terror within the practices of neoliberalism, but also links this with migration issues and argues that it is all part of a larger 'business' of conflict.
Winner of a HIGHLY COMMENDED AWARD in the Anaesthesia category of the 2010 BMA Medical Book Competition. This book comprises structured questions and answers that closely simulate the structured oral examination (SOE) format of The Royal College of Anaesthetists' final FRCA examination. The style of exam questions has changed over the years and this book matches the most recent changes in this updated exam. It consists of ten sets (chapters) of complete SOE papers. Each SOE set (chapter) includes one long case, three short cases and four different applied basic science topics (anatomy, physiology, pharmacology and clinical measurement). As this book is presented in the format of complete examination papers, it will enable candidates to assess their knowledge and skills. It will also assist trainers in setting up mock exams. With thorough revision of this book, trainees can confidently sit their exams. The authors have been organising final FRCA viva courses for the past five years, running four exam preparation courses a year, attended by about 200 trainees each year. This book includes updated knowledge based on the syllabus and more recent questions asked in the FRCA examination. It is, therefore, essential study material for trainees and a great educational tool for trainers. This book will also help candidates all over the world to pass highly competitive postgraduate examinations in anaesthesia. It is an invaluable educational resource for all anaesthetists.
A critical account of the available techniques for the in vitro cultivation of parasitic helminths (Trematoda, Cestoda, Nematoda, and Acanthocephala), concentrating on those which have been reasonably successful and can be used for teaching or research purposes. In addition to describing basic techn
Scholars across several social science disciplines have indicated that the behavior described by the term "civic engagement" is girded by a set of attitudes that show knowledge about, and positive evaluations of, government and politics. Drawing on extensive interviews with high school students from a variety of socioeconomic backgrounds, Cultivating Democracy examines the sources of those attitudes, including individual characteristics, and the qualities of local environments that shape the experiences of late adolescence. The authors gathered data on adolescent attitudes by interviewing students in a wide variety of locations, from Baltimore's inner city and suburbs to the most affluent communities in Montgomery County, Maryland. Focusing initially on attitudes toward ethnic diversity and immigration, the authors expanded their focus to the political socialization of young people, including patriotism and political knowledge and participation. The authors demonstrate how political socialization is shaped through the social messages presented to citizens by others. According to Gimpel, Lay, and Schuknecht, while formal education as a means of socializing youth is critically important, other useful means for communicating positive socializing messages, through political parties, elections, and the media, have been ignored. They recommend compensatory strategies to promote civic engagement among those who are at risk to be nonparticipants.
James Harris's two volume work on developmental neuropsychiatry sets the agenda for this emerging clinical specialty. Written by an individual with the developmental expertise of a pediatrician, the behavioral sophistication of an adult and child psychiatrist, and a deep appreciation of neuroscience, these two books offer an integrated yet comprehensive approach to developmental neuropsychiatry. Grounded in neuroscience but enriched by clinical realities, Volume II provides a comprehensive review of the developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Throughout the text current DSM-IV diagnostic criteria are provided. Part I outlines the diagnostic process and the genetic history, provides details on the conduct of neuropsychological testing, and offers a detailed review of brain imaging techniques, moving from CT and MRI scanning to the most recent developments in functional MRI and PET scanning. Part II discusses mental retardation, cerebral palsy, the learning disorders, the pervasive developmental disorders, and traumatic brain injury. Part III describes behavioral phenotypes in cytogenetic and other genetic disorders, genetic metabolic disorders, and disorders that result from gestational substance abuse. Part IV is devoted to developmental psychopathology and includes Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, Tourette's disorder, sleep disorders, and the syndromes of aggression and self-injury primarily occurring in mentally retarded persons. Part V covers treatment and includes detailed descriptions of psychotherapy, behavior therapy, pharmacological interventions, genetic counseling, and gene therapy. Finally, Part VI deals with legal and ethical issues as they pertain to developmentally disabled persons.
Extensively updated this second edition again brings together a multinational group of distinguished contributors to address every aspect of psychiatric care in the medically ill. This book captures the diversity of the field, whose practitioners -- scholars, physicians, and clinicians of varied backgrounds -- represent a multiplicity of perspectives.
This indispensable manual presents the Maudsley method, the leading family-based treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). What sets this approach apart is the central role played by parents throughout treatment. The authors are prominent experts who describe how to mobilize families to promote the patient's weight restoration and healthy eating, improve parent-child relationships, and get adolescent development back on track. Each phase of therapy is described in session-by-session detail. In-depth case illustrations show how to engage clients while flexibly implementing the validated treatment procedures"--
Cobbett was one of the greatest journalists of his day. Following a career in the British army he began writing as the loyalist 'Peter Porcupine' in the United States, defending all things British against the French Revolution and its supporters. This is the first collection on Cobbett and contains essays by scholars from a variety of disciplines.
Principles of Forensic Pathology: From Investigation to Certification offers a conceptual framework and foundational approach to a forensic practice grounded by evidence-based and mechanistic thinking. This book uses a systematic approach to address, explain, and guide the reader through diverse topics relevant to forensic pathologists and medicolegal death investigators. Nineteen chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the field of forensic pathology and discusses central topics such as scene investigation, the pathophysiology of death, death certification, the forensic autopsy, forensic imaging, pediatric forensic pathology, the importance of context, and approaches to frequently encountered medicolegal death circumstances, with mental checklists and suggestions for a consistent and considered approach. Written by forensic professionals, this book is a practical, yet comprehensive compendium for practicing forensic pathologists, coroners, medicolegal death investigators, forensic pathology fellows, pathology residents, medical students interested in forensic pathology, lawyers, and law enforcement professionals. - Presents a primary text that is ideal for daily forensic practice - Discusses how to properly investigate and certify death in a consistent and defensible way - Emphasizes best practices in the field, providing an approach that is in line with today's forensic pathologist
This Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of important developments in computational and mathematical psychology. With chapters written by leading scientists across a variety of subdisciplines, it examines the field's influence on related research areas such as cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, and neuroscience. The Handbook emphasizes examples and applications of the latest research, and will appeal to readers possessing various levels of modeling experience. The Oxford Handbook of Computational and mathematical Psychology covers the key developments in elementary cognitive mechanisms (signal detection, information processing, reinforcement learning), basic cognitive skills (perceptual judgment, categorization, episodic memory), higher-level cognition (Bayesian cognition, decision making, semantic memory, shape perception), modeling tools (Bayesian estimation and other new model comparison methods), and emerging new directions in computation and mathematical psychology (neurocognitive modeling, applications to clinical psychology, quantum cognition). The Handbook would make an ideal graduate-level textbook for courses in computational and mathematical psychology. Readers ranging from advanced undergraduates to experienced faculty members and researchers in virtually any area of psychology--including cognitive science and related social and behavioral sciences such as consumer behavior and communication--will find the text useful.
Targeted Treatment of the Rheumatic Diseases takes a patient management approach to treating adult and pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. Michael H. Weisman, Michael Weinblatt, James S Louie, and Ronald Van Vollenhoven offer their unique insights into choosing the correct pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for your patients. Chapters cover the full breadth of rheumatic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, connective tissue diseases, osteoporosis, regional pain disorders, and fibromyalgia. The full-color design presents detailed clinical photographs and treatment algorithms for visual guidance and easy reference. You’ll have all you need to provide your patients with the most effective treatment from this unique resource. Focuses on patient management instead of disease management so that you can tailor treatment plans according to each patient’s needs. Covers the treatment of pediatric patients as well as adults so that you can properly address the particular needs of any patient you see. Features the guidance and specific recommendations of experts from United States and Europe for a state-of-the-art approach to the variety of treatments currently in use. Displays the clinical manifestations of rheumatic diseases in full color, along with treatment algorithms for easy at-a-glance reference.
Includes The First World War On The Western Front 1914-1915 Illustrations Pack with 101 maps, plans, and photos. An exceptional and vivid account of the opening battles of the First World War with the B.E.F.. Captain Hyndson was with the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment during the retreat from Mons until the First Battle of Ypres during which he was wounded and invalided back to Blighty. In recognition of his bravery he was awarded the Military Medal in 1915. “As there has as yet been published no connected account of the first phase of the Great War from a Regimental Officer’s point of view, I have been persuaded to put into book form the diary which I began on the first day of mobilization and kept up until I was invalided home from the French Front in 1915. As far as I am aware, there are only three or four platoon and company commanders still living who went through the Battle of, and Retreat from, Mons, as well as the Battles of the Marne, the Aisne and Ypres. This fact has emboldened me to add one more book to the already enormous bulk of war literature. It is also my desire to place on record the wonderful devotion to duty and the sterling fighting qualities of the men of Lancashire Nulli Secundus.”- The Author.
In this richly illustrated book, a range of accessible examples are used to show how Bayes' rule is actually a natural consequence of commonsense reasoning. The tutorial style of writing, combined with a comprehensive glossary, makes this an ideal primer for the novice who wishes to become familiar with the basic principles of Bayesian analysis.
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