This thesis describes significant advances in experimental capabilities using ultracold polar molecules. While ultracold polar molecules are an idyllic platform for quantum chemistry and quantum many-body physics, molecular samples prior to this work failed to be quantum degenerate, were plagued by chemical reactions, and lacked any evidence of many-body physics. These limitations were overcome by loading molecules into an optical lattice to control and eliminate collisions and hence chemical reactions. This led to observations of many-body spin dynamics using rotational states as a pseudo-spin, and the realization of quantum magnetism with long-range interactions and strong many-body correlations. Further, a 'quantum synthesis' technique based on atomic insulators allowed the author to increase the filling fraction of the molecules in the lattice to 30%, a substantial advance which corresponds to an entropy-per-molecule entering the quantum degenerate regime and surpasses the so-called percolations threshold where long-range spin propagation is expected. Lastly, this work describes the design, construction, testing, and implementation of a novel apparatus for controlling polar molecules. It provides access to: high-resolution molecular detection and addressing; large, versatile static electric fields; and microwave-frequency electric fields for driving rotational transitions with arbitrary polarization. Further, the yield of molecules in this apparatus has been demonstrated to exceed 10^5, which is a substantial improvement beyond the prior apparatus, and an excellent starting condition for direct evaporative cooling to quantum degeneracy.
Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Aromatic Compounds is the first book to collect and classify all available quantitative data on the photochemistry and luminescence of aromatic compounds. Compounds are classified by both spectral-luminescent (e.g., extinction coefficients, energies and lifetimes of lower excited states) and photochemical properties. In addition, all of the quantum yields available have been collected. The variety of photochemical reactions of aromatics is examined based on eight types of elementary monomolecular and bimolecular photochemical processes. Aromatic compounds are grouped into eight categories, and the book analyzes the possibilities of occurrence of all types of elementary photoprocesses.
Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary physics. It has unravelled a new and deeper level of structure in matter, and physics at that level reveals a unity and aesthetic simplicity never before attained. All forces emerge from a unique invariance principle and each of the basic interactions results from a specific symmetry property. Quarks interact among themselves through their ?colour?, as now accurately described by quantum chromodynamics.This volume brings together eight major review articles by Maurice Jacob, a physicist at the forefront of research on the quark structure of matter. He has, in particular, been involved with two research topics in this field. The first is the study of hadronic jets, which one actually sees instead of quarks, because of the opacity of the vacuum to colour. The second is the search for quark matter, a new form of matter believed to exist at high temperatures, when the vacuum should become transparent to colour.The papers in this volume provide a comprehensive review of these phenomenological studies on the quark structure of matter, and also a fasinating insight into the pace of recent progress in these areas. The book comes complete with an original introduction by the author, and also contains a pedagogical review on what is a most engrossing and rewarding field of research in physics.
The 1981 Cargese Summer Institute on Fundamental Interactions was organized by the Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (M. LEVY and J-L. BASDEVANT), CERN (M. JACOB), the Universite Catholique de Louvain (D. SPEISER and J. WEYERS), and the Kotholieke Universiteit te Leuven (R. GASTMANS), which, since 1975 have joined their efforts and worked in common. It was the 24th Summer Institute held at Cargese and the 8th one organized by the two institutes of theoretical physics at Leuven and Louvain-Ia-Neuve. The 1985 school was centered around two main themes : the standard model of the fundamental interactions (and beyond) and astrophysics. The remarkable advances in the theoretical understanding and experimental confirmation of the standard model were reviewed in several lectures where the reader will find a thorough analysis of recent experiments as well as a detailed comparaison of the standard model with experiment. On a more theoretical side, supersymmetry, supergravity and strings were discussed as well. The second theme concerns astrophysics where the school was quite successful in bridging the gap between this fascinating subject and more conventional particle physics. We owe many thanks to all those who have made this Summer Institute possible ! Thanks are due to the Scientific Committee of NATO and its President and to the "Region Corse" for a generous grant. .. We wish to thank Miss M-F. HANSELER, Mrs ALRIFRAI, Mr and Mrs ARIANO, and Mr BERNIA and all others from Paris, Leuven, Louvain-la-Neuve and especially Cargese for their collaboration.
Get started with Visual C# programming with this great beginner's guide Beginning C# 6 Programming with Visual Studio 2015 provides step-by-step directions for programming with C# in the .NET framework. Beginning with programming essentials, such as variables, flow control, and object-oriented programming, this authoritative text moves into more complicated topics, such as web and Windows programming and data access within both database and XML environments. After your introduction to each of the chapters, you are invited to apply your newfound knowledge in Try it Out sections, which reinforce learning and help you understand the practical applications of the new concepts you have explored. Through this approach, you can write useful programming code following each of the steps that you explore in this essential text. Discover the basics of programming with C#, such as variables, expressions, flow control, and functions Discuss how to keep your program running smoothly through debugging and error handling Understand how to navigate your way through key programming elements, such as classes, class members, collections, comparisons, and conversions Explore object-oriented programming, web programming, and Windows programming Beginning C# 6 Programming with Visual Studio 2015 is a fundamental resource for any programmers who are new to the C# language.
Since publication of the previous, the 3rd edition of this book, the sensor tech- logies have made a remarkable leap ahead. The sensitivity of the sensors became higher, the dimensions – smaller, the selectivity – better, and the prices – lower. What have not changed, are the fundamental principles of the sensor design. They still are governed by the laws of Nature. Arguably one of the greatest geniuses ever lived, Leonardo Da Vinci had his own peculiar way of praying. It went like this, “Oh Lord, thanks for Thou don’t violate Thy own laws. ” It is comforting indeed that the laws of Nature do not change with time, it is just that our appreciation of them becomes re?ned. Thus, this new edition examines the same good old laws of Nature that form the foundation for designs of various sensors. This has not changed much since the previous editions. Yet, the sections that describe practical designs are revised substantially. Recent ideas and developments have been added, while obsolete and less important designs were dropped. This book is about devices commonly called sensors. The invention of a microprocessor has brought highly sophisticated instruments into our everyday life. Numerous computerized appliances, of which microprocessors are integral parts, wash clothes and prepare coffee, play music, guard homes, and control room temperature. Sensors are essential components in any device that uses a digital signal processor.
Outlining a revolutionary reformulation of the foundations of perturbative quantum field theory, this book is a self-contained and authoritative analysis of the application of this new formulation to the case of planar, maximally supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory. The book begins by deriving connections between scattering amplitudes and Grassmannian geometry from first principles before introducing novel physical and mathematical ideas in a systematic manner accessible to both physicists and mathematicians. The principle players in this process are on-shell functions which are closely related to certain sub-strata of Grassmannian manifolds called positroids - in terms of which the classification of on-shell functions and their relations becomes combinatorially manifest. This is an essential introduction to the geometry and combinatorics of the positroid stratification of the Grassmannian and an ideal text for advanced students and researchers working in the areas of field theory, high energy physics, and the broader fields of mathematical physics.
Adaptive filters with a large number of coefficients are usually involved in both network and acoustic echo cancellation. Consequently, it is important to improve the convergence rate and tracking of the conventional algorithms used for these applications. This can be achieved by exploiting the sparseness character of the echo paths. Identification of sparse impulse responses was addressed mainly in the last decade with the development of the so-called ``proportionate''-type algorithms. The goal of this book is to present the most important sparse adaptive filters developed for echo cancellation. Besides a comprehensive review of the basic proportionate-type algorithms, we also present some of the latest developments in the field and propose some new solutions for further performance improvement, e.g., variable step-size versions and novel proportionate-type affine projection algorithms. An experimental study is also provided in order to compare many sparse adaptive filters in different echo cancellation scenarios. Table of Contents: Introduction / Sparseness Measures / Performance Measures / Wiener and Basic Adaptive Filters / Basic Proportionate-Type NLMS Adaptive Filters / The Exponentiated Gradient Algorithms / The Mu-Law PNLMS and Other PNLMS-Type Algorithms / Variable Step-Size PNLMS Algorithms / Proportionate Affine Projection Algorithms / Experimental Study
Single-channel hands-free teleconferencing systems are becoming popular. In order to enhance the communication quality of these systems, more and more stereophonic sound devices with two loudspeakers and two microphones are deployed. Because of the coupling between loudspeakers and microphones, there may be strong echoes, which make real-time communication very difficult. The best way we know to cancel these echoes is via a stereo acoustic echo canceller (SAEC), which can be modelled as a two-input/two-output system with real random variables. In this work, the authors recast this problem into a single-input/single-output system with complex random variables thanks to the widely linear model. From this new convenient formulation, they re-derive the most important aspects of a SAEC, including identification of the echo paths with adaptive filters, double-talk detection, and suppression.
Contemporary Nursing, Issues, Trends, & Management, 6th Edition prepares you for the rapidly evolving world of health care with a comprehensive yet focused survey of nursing topics affecting practice, as well as the issues facing today’s nurse managers and tomorrow’s nurse leaders. Newly revised and updated, Barbara Cherry and Susan Jacob provide the most practical and balanced preparation for the issues, trends, and management topics you will encounter in practice. Content mapped to the AACN BSN Essentials emphasizes intraprofessional teams, cultural humility and sensitivity, cultural competence, and the CLAS standards. Vignettes at the beginning of each chapter put nursing history and practice into perspective, followed by Questions to Consider While Reading This Chapter that help you reflect on the Vignettes and prepare you for the material to follow. Case studies throughout the text challenge you to apply key concepts to real-world practice. Coverage of leadership and management in nursing prepares you to function effectively in management roles. Career management strategies include advice for making the transition from student to practitioner and tips on how to pass the NCLEX-RN ® examination. Key terms, learning outcomes, and chapter overviews help you study more efficiently and effectively. Helpful websites and online resources provide ways to further explore each chapter topic. Coverage of nursing education brings you up to date on a wide range of topics, from the emergence of interactive learning strategies and e-learning technology, to the effects of the nursing shortage and our aging nursing population. Updated information on paying for health care in America, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and statistics on health insurance coverage in the United States helps you understand the history and reasons behind healthcare financing reform, the costs of healthcare, and current types of managed care plans. A new section on health information technology familiarizes you with how Electronic Health Records (EHRs), point-of-care technologies, and consumer health information could potentially impact the future of health care. Updated chapter on health policy and politics explores the effect of governmental roles, structures, and actions on health care policy and how you can get involved in political advocacy at the local, state, and federal level to help shape the U.S. health care system. The latest emergency preparedness and response guidelines from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and the World Health Organization (WHO) prepare you for responding to natural and man-made disasters.
Contemporary Nursing, Issues, Trends, & Management, 6th Edition prepares you for the rapidly evolving world of health care with a comprehensive yet focused survey of nursing topics affecting practice, as well as the issues facing today's nurse managers and tomorrow's nurse leaders. Newly revised and updated, Barbara Cherry and Susan Jacob provide the most practical and balanced preparation for the issues, trends, and management topics you will encounter in practice. Content mapped to the AACN BSN Essentials emphasizes intraprofessional teams, cultural humility and sensitivity, cultural competence, and the CLAS standards.Vignettes at the beginning of each chapter put nursing history and practice into perspective, followed byQuestions to Consider While Reading This Chapter that help you reflect on theVignettes and prepare you for the material to follow. Case studies throughout the text challenge you to apply key concepts to real-world practice.Coverage of leadership and management in nursing prepares you to function effectively in management roles.Career management strategies include advice for making the transition from student to practitioner and tips on how to pass the NCLEX-RN ® examination.Key terms, learning outcomes, and chapter overviews help you study more efficiently and effectively.Helpful websites and online resources provide ways to further explore each chapter topic. Coverage of nursing education brings you up to date on a wide range of topics, from the emergence of interactive learning strategies and e-learning technology, to the effects of the nursing shortage and our aging nursing population.Updated information on paying for health care in America, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and statistics on health insurance coverage in the United Stateshelps you understand the history and reasons behind healthcare financing reform, the costs of healthcare, and current types of managed care plans.A new section on health information technology familiarizes you with how Electronic Health Records (EHRs), point-of-care technologies, and consumer health information could potentially impact the future of health care.Updated chapter on health policy and politics explores the effect of governmental roles, structures, and actions on health care policy and how you can get involved in political advocacy at the local, state, and federal level to help shape the U.S. health care system.The latest emergency preparedness and response guidelines from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and the World Health Organization (WHO) prepare you for responding to natural and man-made disasters.
The First volume gives an overview of the enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and modification; the second volume deals with the RNA-enzymes. Although the major emphasis of the book is on eukaryotic enzymes, a separate chapter dealing with prokaryotic DNA repair enzymes has been included to discuss the major advances in this field in recent years. There are two separate chapters on RNA polymerases to provide a comprehensive coverage of the enzymes from lower eukaryotes, plants and higher eukaryotes.
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