Originally published in 1964, in this work of wisdom, originality, and power, the great Liberal scholar, J. L. Hammond, explores and expounds Gladstone's attempt to secure justice for Ireland against the rising tide of English Imperialist feeling. The origins of the Irish Church crisis of 1869, of the land agitations of the seventies and eighties, and of the Home Rule explosion of 1885-6 that disrupted the British party system, are traced back, by Hammond's mastery of the archives, to their historical causes. His imaginative sympathy accompanies Gladstone on the eight years of political suffering that followed the explosion, till at the age of eighty-four the Grand Old Man could finally retire. In the new 1964 introduction to this reprint of the rare 1938 edition, this work is described as the most formidable and incisive piece of original research yet published on the history of England and Ireland in the second half of the nineteenth century.
The last medieval queens of England were Margaret of Anjou, Elizabeth Woodville, Anne Neville, and Elizabeth of York - four very different women whose lives and queenship were dominated by the Wars of the Roses. This book is not a traditional biography but a thematic study of the ideology and practice of queenship. It examines the motivations behind the choice of the first English-born queens, the multi-faceted rituals of coronation, childbirth, and funeral, the divided loyalties between family and king, and the significance of a position at the heart of the English power structure that could only be filled by a woman. It sheds new light on the queens' struggles to defend their children's rights to the throne, and argues that ideologically and politically a queen was integral to the proper exercise of mature kingship in this period.
Today, it's not uncommon to get the impression that our claims to know are either doomed before they begin or that they have a status that approaches certainty. The pendulum seems to swing from one end to the other, with our educational institutions too often perpetuating both depending on the person being asked. Yet the question of how and if our claims to know are really justified remains central. * Is knowledge a purely social construct without any objective basis, as many claim? * Or, if we do have some basis to believe some of our claims, are we justified in holding those claims with an attitude of certainty, as others in today's environment seem to imply? * And what role do our quick judgments play in those claims? From the tenor of our public debates, one could easily be left with the suspicion that either we can't know anything or that whatever the present state of knowledge is shouldn't be questioned. What Can We Really Know? The Strengths and Limits of Human Understanding aims to bring some balance to the topic, and argues that while we do have reason to believe that a great many of our claims are justified, it's also true that much of what passes for knowledge is a social product and therefore vulnerable to future revision. Exploring how knowledge can be understood, how far science can take us and what its limitations might be, and the status of some of the most recent arguments for God's existence, it will be suggested that a healthy dose of humility should be reincorporated in our public and private debates.
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) or tissue types are the products of a rapidly developing field of knowledge within the last 20 years. In the early stages of the research many investigators suspected the existence of a complex series of transplantation antigens, but it was widely believed that these antigens would not be well-defined even in this century. Yet in the last two decades as many as 124 different HLA antigens determined by at least 7 very closely linked genes located on the short arm of chromosome 6 have been identified and subsequently agreed upon by an international nomenclature committee. 1 Extensive international collaboration fueled by the potential clinical application of these antigens to clinical transplantation has advanced the field rapidly. There were nine inter national histocompatibility workshops held during this period. Although iden tification of HLA antigens was of primary clinical importance in transplantation 2 and of great basic interest in human genetics and anthropology, a rather un expected bonus has been the determination that HLA antigens are associated with disease susceptibility to a greater extent than any other known genetic marker in man. In the past, many genetic polymorphisms have been suspected to be associated with diseases. The most extensively studied markers are blood groups, enzymes, and serum proteins. A comprehensive account of published studies, totalling approximately 1,000, of these markers is available in a book by Mourant et al.
The study of immunology encompasses a vast and ever-growing body of information that in some way or other incorporates most areas of medical biological research. As the body of information in the medical sciences continues to increase its rate of expansion, one of the greatest challenges to investigators will be to integrate this information in a manner that is intellectually fruitful and productive. Considering the intended scope of this text, we could not pretend to have gone too far toward achieving such an integration--and considering the pace of change, in its very best form a measured approximation of such lofty goals might be the most we could hope for. Nevertheless, in these pages we have sought to produce a collection of information that is at once concise and up-to-date regarding areas where important developments are impacting on the way we understand the vertebrate immune system. In addition, although the information is geared toward advanced study, we have discussed some basic elements and concepts that we hope make the text a useful resource for both the immunologist and the nonspecialist. The intention is to provide the researcher, clinician, or advanced undergraduate student with a brief ov- view of specific components of the immune system, and to provide a place from which to begin further detailed study if necessary. To this end, we made every effort to supply extensive referencing--although limitations in space prevented exhaustive or complete referencing in some cases.
This is the first scholarly biography of Cecily Neville, duchess of York, the mother of Edward IV and Richard III. She was said to have ruled Edward IV 'as she pleased' and Richard III made his bid for the throne from her home. Yet Cecily has been a shadowy figure in modern histories, noted primarily for her ostentatious piety, her expensive dresses, and the rumours of her adultery. Here J. L. Laynesmith draws on a wealth of rarely considered sources to construct a fresh and revealing portrait of a remarkable woman. Cecily was the only major protagonist to live right through the Wars of the Roses. This book sheds new light on that bloody conflict in which Cecily proved herself an exceptional political survivor. Skilfully manipulating her family connections and contemporary ideas about womanhood, Cecily repeatedly reinvented herself to protect her own status and to ensure the security of those in her care. From her childhood marriage to Richard duke of York until her final decade as grandmother of the first Tudor queen, the story of Cecily Neville's life provides a rich insight into national and local politics, women's power and relationships, motherhood, household dynamics and the role of religion in fifteenth-century England.
Heilbron takes in the landscape of culture, learning, religion, science, theology, and politics of late Renaissance Italy to produce a richer and more rounded view of Galileo, his scientific thinking, and the company he kept.
This study is an outgrowth of our interest in the history of modern chemistry. The paucity of reliable, quantitative knowledge about past science was brought home forcibly to us when we undertook a research seminar in the comparative history of modern chemistry in Britain, Germany, and the United States. That seminar, which took place at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1975, was paralleled by one devoted to the work of the "Annales School". The two seminars together catalyzed the attempt to construct historical measures of change in aspects of one science, or "chem ical indicators". The present volume displays our results. Perhaps our labors may be most usefully compared with the work of those students of medieval science who devote their best efforts to the establish ment of texts. Only when acceptable texts have been constructed from fragmentary and corrupt sources can scholars move on to the more satisfying business of making history. So too in the modern period, a necessary pre liminary to the full history of any scientific profession is the establishing of reliable quantitative information in the form of statistical series. This volume does not offer history. Instead it provides certain element- indicators -- that may be useful to individuals interested in the history of American chemistry and chemical industry, and suggestive for policy.
Sustainable agriculture embodies many concepts in its attempt to integrate all the aspects of farming systems into a holistic system. This book explores the processes that occur within the components of a sustainable system and shows where we can build upon our existing knowledge to develop the concepts of sustainable agriculture into the new conventional agriculture. Well-known researchers examine a variety of aspects, including production goals, environmental considerations, and economics, to build a knowledge base that allows readers to see where changes in agriculture must be made and how challenges can be met. They compare existing systems against definitions of sustainability and pinpoint those areas where improvements can be made in current systems to further the concepts of sustainability.
The Search That Never Was is the true story of a more than ten-year effort to find the facts surrounding the disappearance of the author's uncle, Lloyd Richard Morgan, a World War II U.S. Navy aviation radioman 2nd class. Aboard a Navy B-24 bomber that left Carney Field on Guadalcanal for a mission on July 17, 1943, Lloyd's plane failed to return. The book not only reveals what happened to the aircraft and crew, but moves through the process of search and recovery of missing-in-action personnel after World War II and up to the present day. A major portion of the story concerns the search that the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps conducted in 1948-49 throughout the islands of the South Pacific. The log of that search, which was only declassified in 2010, reveals some very surprising facts that have never before been made public. The book is occasionally funny, often sad, and reveals startling facts surrounding the attempted recovery of WWII MIAs in the South Pacific.
One of the most starkly vivid and detailed accounts of survival in Georgia's notorious Andersonville prison during the American Civil War. John Ransom was only 20 years old at the time of his capture. He kept a nearly daily diary during his year of misery at the Confederate prison. He and his fellow Union prisoners endured lice, starvation, freezing cold, killing heat, theft from other inmates...and Captain Wirtz. "Capt. Wirtz very domineering and abusive. Is afraid to come into camp any more. There are a thousand men in here who would willingly die if they could kill him first." Death was a daily occurrence. Yet Ransom knew if he gave up hope, he would die. He somehow kept his humor and kept on writing. Through two escapes, time in a Rebel hospital, and eventual freedom, you'll read a POW account like none you've ever read before.
Originally published in 1923, this book covers the career of Lord Shaftesbury from his early career, through Peel's government and factory legislation, and onto religion and philanthropy. His name recalls great achievements in the reform of law; a powerful force in debates and contests, on the issue of which depended the fortunes of England, and he helped to both create and destroy institutions, habits and beliefs to great consequence of his successors.
Leading economists presenting fundamentally important issues in economic theory' is the theme of the Nancy Schwartz lectures series held annually at the J. L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management of Northwestern University. Reporting on lectures delivered in the years 1983 through 1997, this collection of essays discusses economic behavior at the individual and group level and the implications to the performance of economic systems. Using non-technical language, the speakers present theoretical, experimental, and empirical analysis of decision making under uncertainty and under full and bounded rationality, the influence of economic incentives and habits, and the effects of learning and evolution on dynamic choice. Perfect competition, economic development, social insurance and social mobility, and negotiation and economic survival, are major economic subjects analyzed through our understanding of economic behavior.
Electron Impact Phenomena and the Properties of Gaseous Ions, Revised Edition deals with data pertaining to electron impact and to molecular gaseous ionic phenomena. This book discusses electron impact phenomena in gases at low pressure that involve low-energy electrons, which result in ion formation. The text also describes the use of mass spectrometers in electron impact studies and the degree of accuracy obtained when measuring electron impact energies. This book also reviews relatively low speed electrons and the transitions that result in the ionization of the atomic system. This text then discusses diatomic molecules whose mass spectra can be interpreted using the Franck-Condon principle. This selection also presents some examples of ions in solution that resemble the gaseous ions formed by electron impacts. The energies of these gaseous ions can be the key to understanding the mechanisms of ionic reactions. These examples include the olefin addition reactions and catalytic cracking. This text will prove invaluable for research chemists, students, and professors in chemistry and related fields such as organic chemistry and electrochemistry.
Soil Biology is a state-of-the art review focusing on the linkage between biological processes that occur in the soil and their impact on soil quality. Topics considered include the microbial ecology of conservation management systems, dynamic processes of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, earthworms and soil fauna, microbial processes in the soil, and the degradation of pesticides through microbial processes. The book will interest soil scientists, microbiologists, agronomists, and soil ecologists.
In this latest Seventh Edition , five New Chapters (No. 28, 29, 33, 36 and 37) have been added to enhance the scope and utility of the book: three chapters pertain to Bioenergetics and Metabolism (Biosynthesis of Nucleotides, Degradation of Nucleotides, Mineral Metabolism) and two to Nutrition Biochemistry (Principles of Nutrition, Elements of Nutrition). In fact, all the previously-existing 35 chapters have been thoroughly revised, enlarged and updated in the light of recent advancements and the ongoing researches being conducted the world over.
Examines how cities of various sizes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean are making walkability improvements a part of their overall urban revitalization strategy. Walkable precincts have become an important component of urban revitalization on both sides of the Atlantic. In Walkable Cities, Carlos J. L. Balsas examines a range of city scales and geographic settings on three continents, focusing on the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), Latin America (Brazil and Mexico), and the United States (Phoenix and New York City). He explains how this “pedestrianization of Main Street” approach to central locations (downtowns and midtowns) has contributed to strengthening various urban functions, such as urban vitality, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, tourism, and more. However, it has also put pressure on less affluent, peripheral, and fragile areas due to higher levels of consumption and waste generation. Balsas calls attention to the need to base urban revitalization interventions on more spatially and socially just interventions coupled with sustainable consumption practices that do not necessarily entail high growth levels, but instead aim to improve the quality of city life. “The notion of commercial urbanism is both novel and engaging, since much of the vibrancy of cities comes from commerce, consumption, and entertainment. The idea itself is a major contribution of the book.” — Tridib Kumar Banerjee, University of Southern California
In 1931, five individuals who met by chance in Glenwood, Minnesota, brought down a well-known mobster running a host of illegal businesses at a nearby secluded lake resort. Their efforts were kept secret to protect them from mob retribution. Unknown at the time was that a sixth person was affected by the aftermath of the police raid. Henry Hanson, a local town leader, had fled to Charleston, South Carolina and assumed a new identity to keep himself safe. Over the years, while dodging discovery by the mob, Hanson builds a hotel empire under the alias, Henry Granville. As retirement nears in 1960, however, he has two concerns. In case his shadowy past is ever revealed, he wants a written account of his life to defend himself and the reputation of his enterprise. Secondly, he must choose his successor, someone who would protect the image of the corporation. For the scribe he selects a young Minnesota journalist, Matt Lawton, just four years out of college and the son of two of the original five from that weekend back in 1931. Together, Lawton and Granville craft the older mans life story. In this second book of the Minnesota Lake series, Granville relates his early years as a leader of a lakeside community while being the de facto middleman dealing with a gangster-dominated lake resort. In doing so, he must avert his past life from causing the ruin of his current one.
Delegates to the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Economic Impact on Sustainable Development contributed the peer-reviewed papers contained in this book. The papers discuss the most serious problems affecting sustainable development. They consider the impact of economic constraints on the environment, taking into account the social aspects as well as the over-use of natural resources. Uncontrolled development can also result in damage to the environment in terms of the release of toxic substances and hazardous waste. Thus, attention is paid to issues related to whether some forms of development are compatible with environmental protection, particularly in cases of possible serious contamination and toxicity. The focus in the book is on more constructive and progressive approaches to the problems discussed, to ensure sustainability. The hope is that through the shared experiences of experts, we can learn from past failure, to avoid repeating similar mistakes, while attempting to prevent emerging threats to the environmental and ecological systems. Fundamental to these concepts are an analysis of the inherent risks and the development of appropriate strategies. The papers in this book cover such topics as: Environmental assessments; Environmental policies and planning; Water resources management; Natural resources management; Legislation and regulations; Development issues; Economic impact.
How can you spot the marriage-certificate swindle? Should you buy a typewriter, or rent? How does one calculate the weight of coal in a bin or box? How are blasphemy, fornication, profanity, and offenses on the high seas defined by the law?The answers to these questions, and many more, can be found in this handy business encyclopedia, a one-volume quick reference to everything the well-informed man of industry and commerce needed to know if he was to get ahead and make a respectable name for himself in the early 20th century.QUICK TIP: Servants of an American citizen can be included in the citizen's passport!First published in 1886, this tremendously popular book was a standard for decades. Today, this replica of the 18th edition is a wonderful piece of retro Americana.QUICK TIP: If you make teaching business to your wife like a puzzle or a game, she is much more likely to be enthusiastic about home finance!JAMES LAWRENCE NICHOLS (d. 1895) was professor of economics at Northwestern College, and also wrote The Farmers Manual, The Household Guide, and Safe Counsel.
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