Why do critics want to pull up the income tax by its roots? Why do we have an income tax altogether especially if its principles are no longer workable and the tax no longer serves its intended purpose? Or are the roots, in fact, still viable? This compelling book seeks answers to those questions in long-forgotten archives of tax history. Drawing on rare records from Congress, Richard J. Joseph demonstrates how the idea of relating taxes to individuals and businesses evolved during 1893-1895, leading in 1894 to enactment of the first American income tax legislation. That initial law, he notes, was intended to create a permanent and a fair "ability-to-pay" system. With an eye for detail Joseph explores ways in which it would serve as a model for future revenue. He explains how global and domestic changes have rendered it passe'. And he shows how much of that early lawdespite its swift demise in the case of Pollock v. The Farmers Loan & Trust Companyinforms our current federal taxation system.
Offering a uniquely broad-based overview of the role of language choice in the construction of national, ethnic and religious identity, this textbook examines a wide range of specific cases from various parts of the world in order to arrive at some general principles concerning the links between language and identity. It will benefit students and researchers in a wide range of fields where identity is an important issue and who currently lack a single source to turn to for an overview of sociolinguistics.
This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.
Originally presented as the author's thesis (Ph.D. - Claremont) under the title: Q, the Essenes, and the Dead Sea Scrolls: a study in Christian origins.
Professionals in environmental health and safety (EHS) management use statistics every day in making decisions. This book was created to provide the quantitative tools and techniques necessary to make important EHS assessments. Readers need not be statistically or mathematically inclined to make the most of this book-mathematical derivations are kept to a minimum and subjects are approached in a simple and factual manner, complemented with plenty of real-world examples. Chapters 1-3 cover knowledge of basic statistical concepts such as presentation of data, measurements of location and dispersion, and elementary probability and distributions. Data gathering and analysis topics including sampling methods, sampling theory, testing, and interference as well as skills for critically evaluating published numerical material is presented in Chapters 4-6. Chapters 7-11 discuss information generation topics-regression and correlation analysis, time series, linear programming, network and Gnatt charting, and decision analysis-tools that can be used to convert data into meaningful information. Chapter 12 features six examples of projects made successful through statistical approaches being applied. Readers can use these approaches to solve their own unique problems. Whether you are a EHS professional, manager, or student, Health, Safety, and Environmental Data Analysis: A Business Approach will help you communicate statistical data effectively.
When scholars have set Jesus against various conceptions of the “messiah” and other redemptive figures in early Jewish expectation, those questions have been bound up with the problem of violence, whether the political violence of a militant messiah or the divine violence carried out by a heavenly or angelic figure. Missing from those discussions, Simon J. Joseph contends, are the unique conceptions of an Adamic redeemer figure in the Enochic material—conceptions that informed the Q tradition and, he argues, Jesus’ own self-understanding.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Fall from Grace is a candid, personal history of an academic physician and biotechnology executive that reflects on medicine as it was in the mid-twentieth century and chronicles the changes in society and medicine during the second half of that century. The book investigates the social revolution of those times; the scientific and technological advances that occurred; the influence of the computer and the digital revolution; the entry of corporate management into health care; and the effects of the profit motive on the care of patients. All of these have had enormous influence on the role of the physician in health care. The inadequacies, over the years, of the fee-for-service system and the consequent governmental involvement in reimbursement systems are discussed and compared with other health care payment systems around the world. The net effect of these various forces has been to benefit patients through greatly improved technology yet has caused medicine to evolve from an art form focused on personal care to a more technical exercise largely controlled by fiscal considerations. These changes also refashioned the role of the physician from healer and counselor into manager of an impersonal health care team. The book provides a view of the current state of medicine, patients, and physicians and a perspective on the future.
The gap between the abundance of American higher education talent and the immense foreign demand for it is the great chasm in global education. It is a gulf of lost opportunities. It is also a space of great economic potential. This book describes the great chasm, examines factors underlying it, and suggests ways to bridge the gap to realize this potential. The abundance of talent stems from the slackening growth of the U.S. higher education sector in the New Millennium. Contributing to the slowdown are flat enrollments, adverse demographic trends, U.S. visa restrictions, and intensifying competition. The immense foreign demand has been fueled by the secular expansion of the global economy. It has been shaped by the pressing need in emerging markets to develop an educated workforce. The great chasm creates an opportunity for American academic institutions to extend their global reach. Bridging the gap, however, is not an easy feat for most U.S. colleges and universities. It is complicated by an institutional culture that is averse to commercialization, an organizational structure that is operationally slow, and a governance system that often leads to indecision, conflict, and paralysis. Bridging the gap requires fundamental changes in the culture, organization, and governance of traditional U.S. academic institutions. These changes will pave the way for international expansion, which could enhance the financial well-being of these institutions, the social-well-being of less developed nations, and the critical role that America plays globally in knowledge creation, the dissemination of ideas, and the pursuit of the truth.
When we talk about sex—whether great, good, bad, or unlawful—we often turn to consent as both our erotic and moral savior. We ask questions like, What counts as sexual consent? How do we teach consent to impressionable youth, potential predators, and victims? How can we make consent sexy? What if these are all the wrong questions? What if our preoccupation with consent is hindering a safer and better sexual culture? By foregrounding sex on the social margins (bestial, necrophilic, cannibalistic, and other atypical practices), Screw Consent shows how a sexual politics focused on consent can often obscure, rather than clarify, what is wrong about wrongful sex. Joseph J. Fischel argues that the consent paradigm, while necessary for effective sexual assault law, diminishes and perverts our ideas about desire, pleasure, and injury. In addition to the criticisms against consent leveled by feminist theorists of earlier generations, Fischel elevates three more: consent is insufficient, inapposite, and riddled with scope contradictions for regulating and imagining sex. Fischel proposes instead that sexual justice turns more productively on concepts of sexual autonomy and access. Clever, witty, and adeptly researched, Screw Consent promises to change how we understand consent, sexuality, and law in the United States today.
Fantastic read! Paul J. Joseph is an author to watch." - Jonas Saul, author of the Sarah Roberts Series What if a service robot suddenly fears for his life and asks for asylum? How can he prove that he’s more than a machine? From Paul J. Joseph, the author of the ground-breaking science fiction series Through the Fold, featuring Marker Stone, Homesick, and Splashdown. Romo didn’t know who he was or who put him into a robot body onboard the colony ship, but he knew somebody was trying to kill him. He also knew that he should stay away from humans, and Mars might be a safe place to go. But then he noticed the radiation levels begin to rise. Somebody was trying to kill the colonists, his only friends. Saving them would mean risking his own destruction before finding out why he was created. And how much can he trust the passengers and crew? Can Romo save the colony ship before the traitor in their midst is discovered? Find out in this action-packed volume! Also, purchasing this book will entitle you to a free gift of Twisted Fire, a short story anthology! And, by joining my mailing list you get new free content regularly!
Most Jesus specialists agree that the Temple incident led directly to Jesus' arrest, but the precise relationship between Jesus and the Temple's administration remains unclear. Jesus and the Temple examines this relationship, exploring the reinterpretation of Torah observance and traditional Temple practices that are widely considered central components of the early Jesus movement. Challenging a growing tendency in contemporary scholarship to assume that the earliest Christians had an almost uniformly positive view of the Temple's sacrificial system, Simon J. Joseph addresses the ambiguous, inconsistent, and contradictory views on sacrifice and the Temple in the New Testament. This volume fills a significant gap in the literature on sacrifice in Jewish Christianity. It introduces a new hypothesis positing Jesus' enactment of a program of radically nonviolent eschatological restoration, an orientation that produced Jesus' conflicts with his contemporaries and inspired the first attributions of sacrificial language to his death.
Outstanding! Paul J. Joseph's insight is amazing. He knows his genre!" - Jonas Saul, author of the Sarah Roberts Series Does a robot have the rights of a free man? Can he profit from his own labor and creativity? From Paul J. Joseph, the author of the ground-breaking science fiction series Through the Fold, featuring Marker Stone, Homesick, and Splashdown. Romo’s friends are suffering and in danger. The Mars colony was intended to fail either by sabotage or direct attack. Only four of the ground crew survived to meet them. Now they live in a frozen cave of monotony and sickness until Romo decides to help them. But the new colony leadership doesn’t view Romo as a friend and ally. To them he is a slave, only to be rewarded with more work. And he’s not allowed to leave. And Peach, the former captain’s daughter, can no longer protect him without fomenting a genuine revolution. Will Romo be able to achieve his destiny in the Northern ice cap? Will he be free? Get your copy today and fine out! Also, purchasing this book will entitle you to a free gift of Twisted Fire, a short story anthology! And, by joining my mailing list you get new free content regularly!
Being a 73 year old man who was raised during the great depression I have seen enormous changes in America. There has been dramatic changes in technology, human rights, political philosophy (and engineering) and social values. I have written a 75000 word story about a college professor named Adam Solomon who after winning a large sum of money, decides to initiate a bazaar plan designed to influence the national political agenda. Adam's goal is to prevent any further erosion of wholesome morality and America's constitutional liberties. To accomplish this Adam assemblies a group of highly skilled and experienced assassins. Their assignment is to surgically remove specific individuals who have become an unwelcome influence by endorsing ideas that are contrary to the American constitution. After several dozen high profile killing's a fire-storm ensues across the nation. On the one hand thousands cry for justice and a stop to the mayhem. Yet, others, the disenfranchised, the poor, the malcontents, neo-nazis and some various kooks applaud and support the activities. Some want to join up with and take part in Adam's program. As the story builds the situation turns into a national crisis involving all of law enforcement and the President of the United States. During the crisis Adam finds himself drawn into a close relationship with the only female assassin. They have a brief sexual experience but, Adam finally succumbs to the charms of his beautiful young secretary. A sub plot develops when a program supporter discovers the existence of an underworld child pornography ring centered in Guatemala. After much persuasion Adam and his team raid the Guatemala children's camp freeing 200 enslaved children. They are sent to a Christian care center and later return to a normal life. Adam works through the plot with a good friend called the Captain. The Captain is a veteran of Desert Storm and though he has a dirty mouth he has a good heart and great military skills. Adam's other good friend is a man they call Shakespear. He has a proclivity to speak using only lines that rhyme sometimes causing problems. Adam becomes friends with one of the assassins code named the Jackal. He's very dangerous and useful. The story ends with an unusual twist. Does Adam and his friends receive justice? Do they get captured? What will their punishment consist of? Will Adam and his devoted secretary get married? Could these event actually take place? J.Joseph Higgins
Peace and Conflict is a biennial publication that provides key data and follows trends in national and international conflicts ranging from isolated acts of terrorism to internal civil strife to full-fledged inter-country war. A major trend it tracks is the incidence of wars beyond the protracted conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Peace and Conflict 2012 focuses on the theme of policy guidance for preventing conflict. It covers special topics with original contributions that focus on mediation, economic recovery, and the impact of elections. Peace and Conflict is a large-format reference book including numerous graphs, tables, maps, and appendices dedicated to the visual presentation of data. Crisp narratives are highlighted with box quote extracts that summarise trends and major findings such as the continuing increase in high casualty terrorist acts and risk of genocide in certain areas.
A Social History of Christian Origins explores how the theme of the Jewish rejection of Jesus – embedded in Paul’s letters and the New Testament Gospels – represents the ethnic, social, cultural, and theological conflicts that facilitated the construction of Christian identity. Readers of this book will gain a thorough understanding of how a central theme of early Christianity – the Jewish rejection of Jesus – facilitated the emergence of Christian anti-Judaism as well as the complex and multi-faceted representations of Jesus in the Gospels of the New Testament. This study systematically analyses the theme of social rejection in the Jesus tradition by surveying its historical and chronological development. Employing the social-psychological study of social rejection, social identity theory, and social memory theory, Joseph sheds new light on the inter-relationships between myth, history, and memory in the study of Christian origins and the contemporary (re)construction of the historical Jesus. A Social History of Christian Origins is primarily intended for academic specialists and students in ancient history, biblical studies, New Testament studies, Religious Studies, Classics, as well as the general reader interested in the beginnings of Christianity.
The authors examine the relationship between social science and philosophy and ask what sort of work social science and an accompanying philosophy should do. They reintroduce the question of ontology, through the work of Roy Bhaskar. The book argues against philosophising and is committed to a philosophical approach grounded in the social sciences.
Paul J. Joseph is the next Neil Gaiman! Fantastic novelist!" - Jonas Saul, author of the Sarah Roberts Series What if an evil alien regime could program a prisoner’s mind to think of a labor camp as paradise? Would they ever try to escape? Would they miss it if they were freed? And what if the American astronaut, Scott Anderson, found himself at their mercy? From the mind of Paul J. Joseph, author of The Turing Files, which includes Romo’s Journey and The Railas Project. Scott Anderson walked ten paces onto the new world and disappeared from radio contact. Not knowing Scott’s fate but fearing the worst, Captain Sally Buds embarks on a rescue mission that risks her life and that of her pilot, Ian Merryfield. Something terrible has happened in New Ontario. The evil regime of the Masters has consumed an entire civilization and established an empire of unspeakable barbarism. So far away from home and help, it becomes clear that the Masters’ rapacious attentions have been drawn to Earth. Sally and Ian must now defend themselves and their planet from a tyranny that goes beyond slavery. Can Anderson be rescued from the Masters? Will he ever be the same again? Also, purchasing this book will entitle you to a free gift of Twisted Fire, a short story anthology! And, by joining my mailing list you get new free content regularly!
Outstanding! Paul J. Joseph's insight is amazing. He knows his genre!" - Jonas Saul, author of the Sarah Roberts Series Where do things go when they are lost? When a Canadian mining drone disappears in the asteroid belt it’s written off. But when it comes back with samples from another asteroid belt it could be history in the making! From the mind of Paul J. Joseph, Author of the Turing Files, including Romo’s Journey and The Railas Project. The region of space is called “Kelthy,” where objects sometimes go away for a while and come back. But where do they go? The bureaucrats don’t want to know. They’re more concerned with how they’ll adjust their records to explain the mining drone’s sudden return. But Sally and Ian do want to know, and they have some inconvenient questions. They plan to go to the Kelthy region even if it means ending their careers. What’s in the Kelthy that makes things disappear? Where did the strange images come from of planets that couldn’t exist? Will Sally and Ian return from their adventure now that the station commander wants them dead? Also, purchasing this book will entitle you to a free gift of Twisted Fire, a short story anthology! And, by joining my mailing list you get new free content regularly!
The practices and technologies of evaluation and decision making used by professionals, police, lawyers and experts are questioned in this book for their participation in the perpetuation of historical forms of colonial violence through the enforcement of racial and eugenic policies and laws in Canada.
Anatomy to most people is a subject which suggests the cutting up of dead bodies (the word literally means cutting up). In addition it is generally known that Vesalius published a book in 1543 in which much of the human body was described in detail and more or less accurately. A subject which is dead and ancient fre quently has little appeal especially if it appears to involve learning a large amount of factual information. For many years anatomy has had to struggle with these disadvantages and at times one has had the impression that there is almost a conspiracy on the part of everyone to suggest that anatomy is unnecessary. There is no doubt, however that a knowledge of the structures of the body, for that is what anatomy is, whether it is what can be seen with the naked eye or with different kinds of microscope, is an essential preliminary and corollary to the understanding of the functions of the body. It was no historical accident that Vesalius, the anatomist, preceded Harvey, the physiologist. No apology need be made for trying to present the basic facts of anatomy to anyone interested in the human body and to members of any profession which will have to cope with the physical and mental problems of children, men and women in health and in sickness. It is not intended that the reader should know every thing contained in this book.
Outstanding! Paul J. Joseph's insight is amazing. He knows his genre!" - Jonas Saul, author of the Sarah Roberts Series Does a robot have the rights of a free man? Can he profit from his own labor and creativity? From Paul J. Joseph, the author of the ground-breaking science fiction series Through the Fold, featuring Marker Stone, Homesick, and Splashdown. Romo’s friends are suffering and in danger. The Mars colony was intended to fail either by sabotage or direct attack. Only four of the ground crew survived to meet them. Now they live in a frozen cave of monotony and sickness until Romo decides to help them. But the new colony leadership doesn’t view Romo as a friend and ally. To them he is a slave, only to be rewarded with more work. And he’s not allowed to leave. And Peach, the former captain’s daughter, can no longer protect him without fomenting a genuine revolution. Will Romo be able to achieve his destiny in the Northern ice cap? Will he be free? Get your copy today and fine out! Also, purchasing this book will entitle you to a free gift of Twisted Fire, a short story anthology! And, by joining my mailing list you get new free content regularly!
Since the 1950s Cyprus has been a place of tension, friction, and violence caused by the clashing interests and claims of the two local communities and three NATO allies Greece, Turkey, and Britain. The Cyprus question has also presented dangers and opportunities to the USA, USSR/Russia and international organizations including the UN, NATO and the EU. The book examines these aspects and implications of the problem, and provides some insight into the dynamics and complexities of ethnopolitics and international politics.
The most widely read textbook in the history of medicine – made more essential to practice and education by an unmatched array of multi-media content Through six decades, no resource has matched the encyclopedic scope, esteemed scholarship, and scientific rigor of Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, both as a textbook and as a clinical reference. It remains the most universally respected textbook in all of medical publishing and the pinnacle of current medical knowledge. The eighteenth edition of Harrison’s features expanded and more in-depth coverage of key issues in clinical medicine, pathophysiology, and medical education. The acclaimed Harrison’s DVD has been updated to include 53 chapters not found in the text; 14 all-new how-to videos commissioned specifically for Harrison’s; PowerPoint presentations on essential topics in medical education; and hundreds of bonus illustrations. Presented in two volumes NEW text design greatly enhances readability NEW chapters on cutting-edge topics in clinical medicine Expanded focus on global considerations of health and disease Editor-in-Chief: Dan Longo, MD (Boston, MA) is Professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
Until recently, Indonesian, the national language of a vast, plural nation state, was spoken by very few of the Javanese who live in south-central Java. But the national language is now being learned, along with a national identity, and is the key vehicle for modernity and progress in these communities. Errington has written a fascinating account of the role of language in radical social transformation.
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