This guide summarizes current research and commentary on e-learning, examining the key issues facing organizations exploring e-learning for employee development. The guide contains six sections. The first section provides an introduction to the issue of e-learning and a summary of the issues discussed in the remainder of the guide. Section 2 summarizes the various dimensions and descriptions of e-learning, concluding with a definition of e-learning as "the delivery and administration of learning opportunities and support via computer, networked and web-based technology to help individual performance and development." Sections 3 and 4 describe potential benefits and drawbacks of e-learning. Benefits include that e-learning is timely, accessible, learner-centered, cost effective, up-to-date, quick, retainable, risk-free, consistent, interactive and collaborative, easy to track, and that it increases information technology skills. Drawbacks include that e-learning can be technology-dependent, incompatible, unsuitable for some types of training, unsuitable for some types of learners, heavily reliant on self-discipline, less interactive than one would think, initially expensive, still dependent on human support, and difficult to support with content. Section 5 discusses key issues to consider when developing e-learning, including how best to blend new e-learning technologies with traditional classroom approaches to training; whether to buy new off-the-shelf materials, develop content externally or in-house; how best to provide learner support; how trainers will adapt; and how to tell whether the strategy is working. The final section concludes with a summary of the issues and potential of e-learning. The guide includes a glossary of 13 terms and a resource guide listing 64 reports and articles, 7 websites, and 8 magazines and journals. (KC)
The approaches to employability being taken by United Kingdom employers were examined in a study that included three components: a literature review to develop a definition of employability and isolate its key elements; case studies of six organizations to identify employers' approaches to employability; and examination of related literature on lifelong learning and individual responsibility for career development. Four main elements of employability were identified. The first three are analogous to the concepts of production, marketing, and sales; the fourth element is the marketplace in which they operate. The following four approaches to employability were discovered: (1) explicit recognition that there are no more jobs for life and that individuals must, therefore, prepare themselves for career transitions; (2) reduction of the pain of reducing staff size by increasing departing employees' chances of finding another job; (3) inplacement or redeployment of staff whose skills are less in demand; and (4) maximization of employee retention by enhancing employees' employability. Special attention was given to the factors driving employers' selection of an approach. A range of practices that employers could adopt to increase employees' employability were identified, and a checklist to help employers develop a comprehensive employability policy was developed. (Contains 43 references.) (MN)
This study argues that Investors in People is having a positive impact on the workplace. It states that employers found benefits to their involvement with the scheme, such as: a more systematic approach to training; a clearer focus on training, based on business needs; better communications with employees; a higher level of motivation among their workforce; and a more skilled workforce.
This report provides a review of the United Kingdom (UK) and international literature about initiatives to stimulate demand for post-16 learning. Chapter 1 introduces sources and method. Chapter 2 outlines the current pattern of participation in learning activity in the UK and identifies the main barriers impeding further involvement. Chapters 3-5 describe a range of initiatives aimed at stimulating demand for learning across the world. Initiatives have been categorized into three broad types. Chapter 3 considers initiatives stimulating mass demand through widespread publicity, provision of advice and guidance or funding, and making the provision of learning more flexible. Chapter 4 examines initiatives stimulating demand for learning among targeted groups of individuals (including young people and women, and people with particular skill deficits) and communities (particularly those in rural or inner city areas). Chapter 5 addresses initiatives stimulating demand among employees and for work-related learning. Chapter 6 draws conclusions. Appendixes include a list of initiatives cited in the review and a 54-item bibliography. (YLB)
In England, adult education became widespread as industrialization fed the demand for popular democracy. A marked shift from practical to leisure-based adult education occurred after World War II. More recently, policymakers have acknowledged the broader aims of education, including social inclusion and creation of a learning society. More than 90% of adults in England consider learning very or fairly important. At any given time, one in seven adults are actively engaged in formal learning. The three main groups of obstacles deterring participation in adult learning are practical/material, structural, and attitudinal barriers. Recent skills audits in England highlight a deficit in basic and intermediate skills among adults. A range of measures to broaden the social profile of people participating in adult, further, and higher education have been introduced or proposed in recent years. The measures range from targeting certain groups to making fundamental changes in funding methods. Although the positive relationship between education level and financial rewards is clear at the individual level, the returns of education are more difficult to identify at the organizational level. (Eighteen tables/figures and a glossary are included. Contains a bibliography listing 147 references, a list of 24 useful Web sites, and an appendix containing additional data.) (MN)
This report evaluates health and safety consultation and representation arrangements, and the impact of the Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations (1997) and the Health and Safety (Consultation with Employees) Regulations (1996).
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