Since ocular therapeutics and drug delivery is a subject of interest to specialists from various disciplines such as chemical, biochemical, medical, pharmaceutical, and toxicological, it truly presents a unique situation requiring a multi-disciplinary approach in understanding and addressing various problems. Yet we see that scientists associated with these areas are working, by and large, independently of one another, thus limiting dissemination of knowledge, experience and ideas that would greatly enhance the overall progress in this area of research. Regrettably, the information currently available in ocular therapeutics and drug delivery, though extensive, is still fragmented into various disciplines making meaningful synthesis difficult. Several books are available that cover one or two aspects of the multi-disciplinary fields on an individual basis; however, none is available that covers all of them. The chapters contained in this book are specific to various interrelated areas of ocular therapeutics and drug delivery and are written by acknowledged experts from both academia and industry. The book itself is divided into five parts, namely: (I) overview,basic principles, and methodology; (II) pathopharmacology and clinical applications; (III) chemical/ biochemical approaches to ocular drug delivery; (IV) formulation and drug delivery considerations; and (V) industrial and regulatory considerations. Individual chapters in each section, apart from presenting a concise text, entail an extensive listing of references.
Pharmaceutical and clinical calculations are critical to the delivery of safe, effective, and competent patient care and professional practice. Pharmaceutical and Clinical Calculations, Second Edition addresses this crucial component, while emphasizing contemporary pharmacy practices. Presenting the information in a well-organized and easy-to-under
Accurately calculating medication dosages is a critical element in pharmaceutical care that directly affects optimal patient outcomes. Unfortunately, medication dosage errors happen in pharmacies, in hospitals, or even at home or in homecare settings everyday. In extreme cases, even minor dosage errors can have dire consequences. Careful calculations are essential to providing optimal medical and pharmaceutical care. Essential Math and Calculations for Pharmacy Technicians fills the need for a basic reference that students and professionals can use to help them understand and perform accurate calculations. Organized in a natural progression from the basic to the complex, the book includes: Roman and Arabic Numerals Fractions and decimals Ratios, proportions, and percentages Systems of measurement including household conversions Interpretation of medication orders Isotonicity, pH, buffers, and reconstitutions Intravenous flow rates Insulin and Heparin products Pediatric dosage Business math Packed with numerous solved examples and practice problems, the book presents the math in a step-by-step style that allows readers to quickly grasp concepts. The authors explain the fundamentals simply and clearly and include ample practice problems that help readers become proficient. The focus on critical thinking, real-life problem scenarios, and the self-test format make Essential Math and Calculations for Pharmacy Technicians an indispensable learning tool.
Practiced for more than 2,000 years, acupuncture was once restricted to the realm of alternative medicine. This book dispels these notions and brings this once backroom therapy into the forefront explaining it in terms that can be easily comprehended by all medical professionals. Presenting a scientific, anatomical approach to acupuncture, it discusses the basics of the nervous system, acupuncture points throughout the body, and measurement and quantification of pain. It reviews applications of acupuncture in clinical practice, from cases easy to treat to those more challenging, and concludes with theories on the future of acupuncture.
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