Ian W.H. Parry's Books

Issues of the Day

100 Commentaries on Climate, Energy, the Environment, Transportation, and Public Health Policy

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Felicia Day

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Issues of the Day

100 Commentaries on Climate, Energy, the Environment, Transportation, and Public Health Policy

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Felicia Day

Issues of the Day provides an easy way for students, academics, journalists, policymakers, and the public to learn about a diverse range of policy issues affecting the environment, energy, transportation, and public health. Each commentary gives a short assessment of a topic, summarizing in a non-technical way the current state of analysis or evidence on the issue, along with selected recommendations for further reading. The essays are written by world renowned scholars, mostly economists, and provide useful insights on policy problems that are often complex and poorly understood. Some of the topics covered include air pollution, hazardous waste, voluntary environmental programs, domestic (U.S.) and global climate policy design, fishery management, water quality, endangered species, forest fires, oil security, solar power, road and airport, fuel taxes and fuel economy standards, alternative fuel vehicles, health and longevity, smoking, malaria, tuberculosis, and the environment and development. The objective is to disseminate the findings of sound, objective research on the costs, benefits, and appropriate reform of public policies. The book provides a useful supplement for undergraduate- and graduate-level course reading, a reference guide for professionals, and a way for the general reader to quickly develop an informed perspective on the most important policy problems of the day. Issues of the Day is available to download as a PDF from the Resources for the Future website: www.rff.org/weeklycommentary

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

230

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1136526412

ISBN 13

9781136526411

Canada’s Carbon Price Floor

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Victor Mylonas

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Canada’s Carbon Price Floor

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Victor Mylonas

The pan-Canadian approach to carbon pricing, announced in October 2016, ensures that carbon pricing applies throughout Canada in 2018, with increasing stringency over time to reduce emissions. Canadian provinces and territories have the flexibility to either implement an explicit price-based system—with a minimum price of CAN $10 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2018, increasing to CAN $50 per tonne by 2022—or an equivalently scaled emissions trading system. This paper discusses the rationale for, and design of, the price floor requirement; its (provincial-level) environmental, fiscal, and economic welfare impacts; monitoring issues; and (national-level) incidence. The general conclusion is that the welfare costs and implementation issues are manageable, and pricing provides significant new revenues. A challenge is that the floor price by itself appears well short of what will be needed by 2030 for Canada’s Paris Agreement pledge.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484346548

ISBN 13

9781484346549

Fiscal Policy to Mitigate Climate Change

A Guide for Policymakers

By: Ruud A. de Mooij,Mr.Michael Keen,Ian W.H. Parry

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Fiscal Policy to Mitigate Climate Change

A Guide for Policymakers

By: Ruud A. de Mooij,Mr.Michael Keen,Ian W.H. Parry

Efforts to control atmospheric accumulations of greenhouse gases that threaten to heat up the planet are in their infancy. Although the IMF is not an environmental organization, environmental issues matter for its mission when they have major implications for macroeconomic performance and fiscal policy. Climate change clearly passes both these tests.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

218

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1616353937

ISBN 13

9781616353933

IMF Fossil Fuel Subsidies Data: 2023 Update

By: Mr. Simon Black,Antung A. Liu,Ian W.H. Parry,Nate Vernon

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

IMF Fossil Fuel Subsidies Data: 2023 Update

By: Mr. Simon Black,Antung A. Liu,Ian W.H. Parry,Nate Vernon

This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect supply and environmental costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by charging below efficient fuel prices. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies were $7 trillion in 2022 or 7.1 percent of GDP. Explicit subsidies (undercharging for supply costs) have more than doubled since 2020 but are still only 18 percent of the total subsidy, while nearly 60 percent is due to undercharging for global warming and local air pollution. Differences between efficient prices and retail fuel prices are large and pervasive, for example, 80 percent of global coal consumption was priced at below half of its efficient level in 2022. Full fossil fuel price reform would reduce global carbon dioxide emissions to an estimated 43 percent below baseline levels in 2030 (in line with keeping global warming to 1.5-2oC), while raising revenues worth 3.6 percent of global GDP and preventing 1.6 million local air pollution deaths per year. Accompanying spreadsheets provide detailed results for 170 countries.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400249006

After Paris

Fiscal, Macroeconomic and Financial Implications of Global Climate Change

By: Mrs.Mai Farid,Mr.Michael Keen,Mr.Michael G. Papaioannou,Ian W.H. Parry,Ms.Catherine A Pattillo,Anna Ter-Martirosyan

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

After Paris

Fiscal, Macroeconomic and Financial Implications of Global Climate Change

By: Mrs.Mai Farid,Mr.Michael Keen,Mr.Michael G. Papaioannou,Ian W.H. Parry,Ms.Catherine A Pattillo,Anna Ter-Martirosyan

This paper discusses the implications of climate change for fiscal, financial, and macroeconomic policies. Most pressing is the use of carbon taxes (or equivalent trading systems) to implement the emissions mitigation pledges submitted by 186 countries for the December 2015 Paris Agreement while providing revenue for lowering other taxes or debt. Carbon pricing in developing countries would effectively mobilize climate finance, and carbon price floor arrangements are a promising way to coordinate policies internationally. Targeted fiscal measures that are tailored to national circumstances and robust across climate scenarios are needed to counter private sector under-investment in climate adaptation. And increased disclosure of carbon footprints, stress testing of asset values, and greater proliferation of hedging instruments, will facilitate low-emission investments and climate risk diversification through financial markets.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513506560

ISBN 13

9781513506562

Carbon Taxation for International Maritime Fuels: Assessing the Options

By: Ian Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Kelley Kizzier,Tristan Smith

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Carbon Taxation for International Maritime Fuels: Assessing the Options

By: Ian Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Kelley Kizzier,Tristan Smith

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) announced in April 2018 a target of cutting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the sector by 50 percent below 2008 levels by 2050 and subsequent meetings of the IMO will develop a strategy for making headway on this commitment. This paper seeks to inform dialogue about the possibility of a carbon tax as a key element of GHG mitigation policy for international maritime transport. The paper discusses the case for the tax over alternative mitigation instruments, options for the practical design issues, and then presents estimates of the impacts of carbon taxation and other instruments from an analytical model of the maritime sector.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484376668

ISBN 13

9781484376669

Reforming the Tax System to Promote Environmental Objectives

An Application to Mauritius

By: Ian W.H. Parry

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Reforming the Tax System to Promote Environmental Objectives

An Application to Mauritius

By: Ian W.H. Parry

Fiscal instruments are potentially among the most effective, and cost-effective, options for addressing externalities related to poor air quality, urban road congestion, and greenhouse gases. This paper takes a case study, focused on Mauritius (a pioneer in the use of green taxes) to illustrate how existing taxes, especially on fuels and vehicles, could be reformed to better address these externalities. We discuss, in particular, an explicit carbon tax; a variety of options for reforming vehicle taxes to meet environmental, equity, and revenue objectives; and a progressive transition to usage-based vehicle taxes to address congestion

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1455263419

ISBN 13

9781455263417

Mitigation Policies for the Paris Agreement: An Assessment for G20 Countries

By: Ian Parry,Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Mitigation Policies for the Paris Agreement: An Assessment for G20 Countries

By: Ian Parry,Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon

Following submission of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation commitments (by 169 countries) for the 2015 Paris Agreement, policymakers are considering specific policy actions to implement these commitments. To help guide policy, it is helpful to have a quantitative framework for understanding: the main impacts (on GHGs, fiscal balances, the domestic environment, economic welfare, and distributional incidence) of emissions pricing; trade-offs between pricing and other (commonly used) mitigation instruments; and why, and to what extent, needed policies and their impacts differ across countries. This paper provides an illustrative sense of this information for G20 member countries (who collectively account for about 80 percent of global emissions) under plausible (though inevitably uncertain) projections for future fuel use and fuel price responsiveness. The quantitative results underscore the generally strong case for (comprehensive) pricing over other instruments, its small net costs or often net benefits (when domestic environmental gains are considered), but the potentially wide dispersion, and hence inefficiency, in emissions prices implied by countries’ mitigation commitments.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484375068

ISBN 13

9781484375068

Victorian Jesus

J.R. Seeley, Religion, and the Cultural Significance of Anonymity

By: Ian Hesketh

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Victorian Jesus

J.R. Seeley, Religion, and the Cultural Significance of Anonymity

By: Ian Hesketh

Ecce Homo: A Survey in the Life and Work of Jesus Christ, published anonymously in 1865, alarmed some readers and delighted others by its presentation of a humanitarian view of Christ and early Christian history. Victorian Jesus explores the relationship between historian J. R. Seeley and his publisher Alexander Macmillan as they sought to keep Seeley’s authorship a secret while also trying to exploit the public interest. Ian Hesketh highlights how Ecce Homo's reception encapsulates how Victorians came to terms with rapidly changing religious views in the second half of the nineteenth century. Hesketh critically examines Seeley’s career and public image, and the publication and reception of his controversial work. Readers and commentators sought to discover the author’s identity in order to uncover the hidden meaning of the book, and this engendered a lively debate about the ethics of anonymous publishing. In Victorian Jesus, Ian Hesketh argues for the centrality of this moment in the history of anonymity in book and periodical publishing throughout the century.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

289

Publisher

University of Toronto Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1442663596

ISBN 13

9781442663596

Getting Energy Prices Right

From Principle to Practice

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Eliza Lis,Shanjun Li

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Getting Energy Prices Right

From Principle to Practice

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Dirk Heine,Eliza Lis,Shanjun Li

Energy taxes can produce substantial environmental and revenue benefits and are an important component of countries’ fiscal systems. Although the principle that these taxes should reflect global warming, air pollution, road congestion, and other adverse environmental impacts of energy use is well established, there has been little previous work providing guidance on how countries can put this principle into practice. This book develops a practical methodology, and associated tools, to show how the major environmental damages from energy can be quantified for different countries and used to design the efficient set of energy taxes.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

198

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1498343104

ISBN 13

9781498343107

Carbon Pricing: What Role for Border Carbon Adjustments?

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. Peter Dohlman,Mr. Cory Hillier,Mr. Martin D Kaufman,Florian Misch,Mr. James Roaf,Mr. Christophe J Waerzeggers,Miss Kyung Kwak

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Carbon Pricing: What Role for Border Carbon Adjustments?

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. Peter Dohlman,Mr. Cory Hillier,Mr. Martin D Kaufman,Florian Misch,Mr. James Roaf,Mr. Christophe J Waerzeggers,Miss Kyung Kwak

This Climate Note discusses the rationale, design, and impacts of border carbon adjustments (BCAs), charges on embodied carbon in imports potentially matched by rebates for embodied carbon in exports. Large disparities in carbon pricing between countries is raising concerns about competitiveness and emissions leakage, and BCAs are a potentially effective instrument for addressing such concerns. Design details are critical, however. For example, limiting coverage of the BCA to energy-intensive, trade-exposed industries facilitates administration, and initially benchmarking BCAs on domestic emissions intensities would help ease the transition for emissions-intensive trading partners. It is also important to consider how to apply BCAs across countries with different approaches to emissions mitigation. BCAs are challenging because they pose legal risks and may be at odds with the differentiated responsibilities of developing countries. Furthermore, BCAs provide only modest incentives for other large emitting countries to scale carbon pricing—an international carbon price floor would be far more effective in this regard.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513594540

ISBN 13

9781513594545

A Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries

By: Mr. Simon Black,Danielle N Minnett,Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. James Roaf,Karlygash Zhunussova

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

A Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries

By: Mr. Simon Black,Danielle N Minnett,Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. James Roaf,Karlygash Zhunussova

There is growing interest in international coordination over climate mitigation policy. Climate clubs or international carbon price floors could complement the Paris Agreement by helping to deliver the near-term cuts in global greenhouse gas emissions needed to contain global warming to 1.5 to 2oC. To ensure inclusivity, these arrangements need to account for varying mitigation policies across countries, including carbon pricing, fuel taxes, subsidy reform, and non-pricing approaches like regulations. A transparent methodology is needed to compare and monitor mitigation effort by countries implementing diverse policy packages. This paper presents and illustrates a methodology for converting climate mitigation policies and targets into their carbon price equivalents and applies it to the Group of Twenty (G20) countries.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400228285

Climate Mitigation in China

Which Policies Are Most Effective?

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Baoping Shang,Mr.Philippe Wingender,Nate Vernon,Tarun Narasimhan

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Climate Mitigation in China

Which Policies Are Most Effective?

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Baoping Shang,Mr.Philippe Wingender,Nate Vernon,Tarun Narasimhan

For the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change, China pledged to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) intensity of GDP by 60–65 percent below 2005 levels by 2030. This paper develops a practical spreadsheet tool for evaluating a wide range of national level fiscal and regulatory policy options for reducing CO2 emissions in China in terms of their impacts on emissions, revenue, premature deaths from local air pollution, household and industry groups, and overall economic welfare. By far, carbon and coal taxes are the most effective policies for meeting environmental and fiscal objectives as they comprehensively cover emissions and have the largest tax base.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1498385699

ISBN 13

9781498385695

Reforming Energy Policy in India

Assessing the Options

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Reforming Energy Policy in India

Assessing the Options

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon

Spreadsheet models are used to assess the environmental, fiscal, economic, and incidence effects of a wide range of options for reducing fossil fuel use in India. Among the most effective options is ramping up the existing coal tax. Annually increasing the tax by INR 150 ($2.25) per ton of coal from 2017 to 2030 avoids over 270,000 air pollution deaths, raises revenue of 1 percent of GDP in 2030, reduces CO2 emissions 12 percent, and generates net economic benefits of approximately 1 percent of GDP. The policy is mildly progressive and (at least initially) imposes a relatively modest cost burden on industries.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1475597746

ISBN 13

9781475597745

Is the Paris Agreement Working? A Stocktake of Global Climate Mitigation

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Karlygash Zhunussova

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Is the Paris Agreement Working? A Stocktake of Global Climate Mitigation

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Karlygash Zhunussova

Urgent and aggressive action to cut greenhouse gas emissions this decade is needed. As countries take stock of the Paris Agreement, this Note provides IMF staff’s annual assessment of global climate mitigation policy. Global ambition needs to be more than quadrupled: emissions cuts of 50 percent below 2019 levels by 2030 are needed for 1.5 degrees Celsius, but current targets would only achieve 11 percent. We provide options for ratcheting-up ambition equitably. Implementation could be accelerated via agreements on minimum carbon prices. Drastic increases in mitigation investment are needed, requiring policies to shift private sector incentives. Climate finance should be scaled-up, with a new goal aligned with needs in developing countries. The development and diffusion of low-carbon technologies should be accelerated collaboratively. Overall, the Paris Agreement is making progress, but a response to the Global Stocktake that prioritizes decisive action this decade is critical.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400257889

How Large Are Global Energy Subsidies?

By: Mr.David Coady,Ian W.H. Parry,Louis Sears,Baoping Shang

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

How Large Are Global Energy Subsidies?

By: Mr.David Coady,Ian W.H. Parry,Louis Sears,Baoping Shang

This paper provides a comprehensive, updated picture of energy subsidies at the global and regional levels. It focuses on the broad notion of post-tax energy subsidies, which arise when consumer prices are below supply costs plus a tax to reflect environmental damage and an additional tax applied to all consumption goods to raise government revenues. Post-tax energy subsidies are dramatically higher than previously estimated, and are projected to remain high. These subsidies primarily reflect under-pricing from a domestic (rather than global) perspective, so even unilateral price reform is in countries’ own interests. The potential fiscal, environmental and welfare impacts of energy subsidy reform are substantial.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513560506

ISBN 13

9781513560502

Environmental Tax Reform

Principles from Theory and Practice to Date

By: Mr.Dirk Heine,Mr.John Norregaard,Ian W.H. Parry

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Environmental Tax Reform

Principles from Theory and Practice to Date

By: Mr.Dirk Heine,Mr.John Norregaard,Ian W.H. Parry

This paper recommends a system of upstream taxes on fossil fuels, combined with refunds for downstream emissions capture, to reduce carbon and local pollution emissions. Motor fuel taxes should also account for congestion and other externalities associated with vehicle use, at least until mileage-based taxes are widely introduced. An examination of existing energy/environmental tax systems in Germany, Sweden, Turkey, and Vietnam suggests that there is substantial scope for policy reform. This includes harmonizing taxes for pollution content across different fuels and end-users, better aligning tax rates with values for externalities, and scaling back taxes on vehicle ownership and electricity use that are redundant (on environmental grounds) in the presence of more targeted taxes.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1475505280

ISBN 13

9781475505283

Sleepwalking to the Cliff Edge? A Wake-up Call for Global Climate Action

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Karlygash Zhunussova

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Sleepwalking to the Cliff Edge? A Wake-up Call for Global Climate Action

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Karlygash Zhunussova

Urgent action to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is needed now. Early next year, all countries will set new emissions targets for 2035 while revising their 2030 targets. Global GHGs must be cut by 25 and 50 percent below 2019 levels by 2030 to limit global warming to 2°C and 1.5°C respectively. But current targets would only cut emissions by 12 percent, meaning global ambition needs to be doubled to quadrupled. Further delay will lead to an ‘emissions cliff edge’, implying implausible cuts in GHGs and putting put 1.5°C beyond reach. This Note provides IMF staff’s annual assessment of global climate mitigation policy. It illustrates options for equitably aligning country targets with the Paris Agreement’s temperature goals. It also provides guidance on modelling needed to set emissions targets and quantify climate mitigation policy impacts.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400289644

Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates

By: Mr.David Coady,Ian Parry,Nghia-Piotr Le,Baoping Shang

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates

By: Mr.David Coady,Ian Parry,Nghia-Piotr Le,Baoping Shang

This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices warranted by supply costs, environmental costs, and revenue considerations), for 191 countries. Globally, subsidies remained large at $4.7 trillion (6.3 percent of global GDP) in 2015 and are projected at $5.2 trillion (6.5 percent of GDP) in 2017. The largest subsidizers in 2015 were China ($1.4 trillion), United States ($649 billion), Russia ($551 billion), European Union ($289 billion), and India ($209 billion). About three quarters of global subsidies are due to domestic factors—energy pricing reform thus remains largely in countries’ own national interest—while coal and petroleum together account for 85 percent of global subsidies. Efficient fossil fuel pricing in 2015 would have lowered global carbon emissions by 28 percent and fossil fuel air pollution deaths by 46 percent, and increased government revenue by 3.8 percent of GDP.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484393171

ISBN 13

9781484393178

Destination Net Zero

The Urgent Need for a Global Carbon Tax on Aviation and Shipping

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Sunalika Singh,Nate Vernon-Lin

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Destination Net Zero

The Urgent Need for a Global Carbon Tax on Aviation and Shipping

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Sunalika Singh,Nate Vernon-Lin

The need to decarbonize international aviation and maritime has long been overlooked. The two sectors account for a small but rapidly growing share of global CO2 emissions, and could rise to as much as 15 to 40 percent by 2040. Pricing these emissions could help global climate policy in two ways. First, it could accelerate technological development while incentivizing efficiency, kick-starting the sectors’ transition to net zero while addressing the sectors’ hitherto favorable tax treatment. Second, pricing could raise up to $200 billion a year in revenues by 2035, which could be allocated to climate finance or other uses. There are significant political obstacles, however, notably reaching consensus on revenue allocation and managing price impacts, which are substantive for flight tickets but less so for shipped goods. Pricing variants, like ‘fee and rebate’ schemes (feebates), have lower price impacts but raise fewer revenues. This paper discusses these policies, using a new model to quantify impacts on fuel use, emissions, revenues, production and economic costs, and on vulnerable states..

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400290244

Implementing the United States’ Domestic and International Climate Mitigation Goals: A Supportive Fiscal Policy Approach

By: Ian Parry

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Implementing the United States’ Domestic and International Climate Mitigation Goals: A Supportive Fiscal Policy Approach

By: Ian Parry

The United States has pledged to become carbon neutral by 2050, meet sectoral objectives (e.g., for carbon free power, electric vehicles) and encourage greater mitigation among large emitting countries and of international transportation emissions. Fiscal policies at the national, sectoral, and international level could play a critical role in implementing these objectives, along with investment, regulatory, and technology policies. Fiscal instruments are cost-effective, can enhance political acceptability, and do not worsen, or could help alleviate, budgetary pressures. Domestically, a fiscal policy package could contain a mix of economy-wide carbon pricing and revenue-neutral feebates (i.e., tax-subsidy schemes) with the latter reinforcing mitigation in the transport, power, industrial, building, forestry, and agricultural sectors. Internationally, a carbon price floor among large emitters (with flexibility to implement equivalent measures) could effectively scale up global mitigation, while levies/feebates offer a practical approach for reducing maritime and aviation emissions.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513571001

ISBN 13

9781513571003

The IMF-World Bank Climate Policy Assessment Tool (CPAT): A Model to Help Countries Mitigate Climate Change

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon,Karlygash Zhunussova

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

The IMF-World Bank Climate Policy Assessment Tool (CPAT): A Model to Help Countries Mitigate Climate Change

By: Mr. Simon Black,Ian W.H. Parry,Mr. Victor Mylonas,Nate Vernon,Karlygash Zhunussova

To stabilize the climate, global greenhouse gas emissions must be cut by 25 to 50 percent by 2030 compared to 2019. Such an unprecedented rate of decarbonization necessitates climate mitigation policies across countries, notably carbon pricing, fossil fuel subsidy reform, renewable subsidies, feebates, emission rate regulations, and public investments. To design and implement effective, efficient, and equitable policies, governments need tools to assess economic, environmental, fiscal, and social impacts. To support this effort, the IMF and World Bank are making their joint Climate Policy Assessment Tool (CPAT) available to governments. CPAT is a transparent, flexible, and user-friendly model covering over 200 countries. It allows for the rapid quantification of impacts of climate mitigation policies, including on energy demand, prices, emissions, revenues, welfare, GDP, households and industries, local air pollution and health, and many other metrics. This paper describes the CPAT model, its data sources, key assumptions, and caveats.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 13

9798400242342

How Much Carbon Pricing is in Countries’ Own Interests? The Critical Role of Co-Benefits

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Chandara Veung,Mr.Dirk Heine

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

How Much Carbon Pricing is in Countries’ Own Interests? The Critical Role of Co-Benefits

By: Ian W.H. Parry,Mr.Chandara Veung,Mr.Dirk Heine

This paper calculates, for the top twenty emitting countries, how much pricing of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is in their own national interests due to domestic co-benefits (leaving aside the global climate benefits). On average, nationally efficient prices are substantial, $57.5 per ton of CO2 (for year 2010), reflecting primarily health co-benefits from reduced air pollution at coal plants and, in some cases, reductions in automobile externalities (net of fuel taxes/subsidies). Pricing co-benefits reduces CO2 emissions from the top twenty emitters by 13.5 percent (a 10.8 percent reduction in global emissions). However, co-benefits vary dramatically across countries (e.g., with population exposure to pollution) and differentiated pricing of CO2 emissions therefore yields higher net benefits (by 23 percent) than uniform pricing. Importantly, the efficiency case for pricing carbon’s co-benefits hinges critically on (i) weak prospects for internalizing other externalities through other pricing instruments and (ii) productive use of carbon pricing revenues.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1498358276

ISBN 13

9781498358279

Book's by Ian W.H. Parry

Username

Password

Password again

Birthday

Email