Ivan N. Petrov’s The Development of the Bulgarian Literary Language: From Incunabula to First Grammars, Late Fifteenth–Early Seventeenth Century examines the history of the first printed Cyrillic books and their role in the development of the Bulgarian literary language. In the literary culture of the Southern Slavs, especially the Bulgarians, the period that began at the end of the fifteenth century and covered the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is often seen as a foreshadowing of the pre-national era of modern times. In particular, the centuries-old manuscript tradition was gradually replaced by the Cyrillic printed book, which—after the incunabula of Krakow and Montenegro—was published in such centers as Târgoviște, Prague, Venice, Serbian monasteries, Vilnius, Moscow, Zabłudów, Lviv, Ostroh, and many others. Petrov shows how the study of old Slavic prints is closely linked to the processes that determined the emergence of modern literary languages in the Slavia Orthodoxa area, including the influence of the liturgical Church Slavonic language shared by the Orthodox Slavs, which was increasingly standardized and codified at that time. The perspective of a language historian brings new light to the complex and multidimensional issues of this important transitional period of Slavic history and culture.
Reprint of the original, first published in 1871. The publishing house Anatiposi publishes historical books as reprints. Due to their age, these books may have missing pages or inferior quality. Our aim is to preserve these books and make them available to the public so that they do not get lost.
Only by understanding Central and Eastern Europe's turbulent history during the first half of the twentieth century can we hope to make sense of the conflicts and crises that have followed World War II and, after that, the collapse of Soviet-controlled state socialism. Ivan Berend looks closely at the fateful decades preceding World War II and at twelve countries whose absence from the roster of major players was enough in itself, he says, to precipitate much of the turmoil. As waves of modernization swept over Europe, the less developed countries on the periphery tried with little or no success to imitate Western capitalism and liberalism. Instead they remained, as Berend shows, rural, agrarian societies notable for the tenacious survival of feudal and aristocratic institutions. In that context of frustration and disappointment, rebellion was inevitable. Berend leads the reader skillfully through the maze of social, cultural, economic, and political changes in Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Austria, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and the Soviet Union, showing how every path ended in dictatorship and despotism by the start of World War II.
This book is concerned with mathematical and numerical methods for compressible flow. It aims to provide the reader with a sufficiently detailed and extensive, mathematically precise, but comprehensible guide, through a wide spectrum of mathematical and computational methods used in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the numerical simulation of compressible flow. Up-to-date techniques applied in the numerical solution of inviscid as well as viscous compressible flow on unstructured meshes are explained, thus allowing the simulation of complex three-dimensional technically relevant problems. Among some of the methods addressed are finite volume methods using approximate Riemann solvers, finite element techniques, such as the streamline diffusion and the discontinuous Galerkin methods, and combined finite volume - finite element schemes. The book gives a complex insight into the numerics of compressible flow, covering the development of numerical schemes and their theoretical mathematical analysis, their verification on test problems and use in solving practical engineering problems. The book will be helpful to specialists coming into contact with CFD - pure and applied mathematicians, aerodynamists, engineers, physicists and natural scientists. It will also be suitable for advanced undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students of mathematics and technical sciences.
This monograph is devoted to the basic component of the theory of linear optimisation problems: systems of linear inequalities. Such an approach is exact in both a historical and methodological sense.In the first two chapters attention focuses on economic interpretation of models, theorems, and approaches. The other chapters are dedicated to less traditional problems of linear optimisation, such as improper problems and duality, lexicographic problems and duality, piecewise linear problems and duality, etc. The book also covers some general methods for calculating processes for certain problems of linear optimisation: the problem of stability and correctness.This book contains original scientific material, which is of value and interest to students and specialists in mathematical optimisation, operation research, economic-mathematical modelling and related disciplines.
Specialised Tourism Products models a systematic approach to tourism development, accentuating the growing significance of specialised tourism content in the wake of climate change and the Covid-19 pandemic.
V zborniku so zbrane razprave, ki so bile predstavljene na mednarodnem simpoziju, posvečenem spominu na akademika Dragotina Cvetka (1911–1993). Poglavitna pozornost je veljala slovenskemu glasbenemu baroku, ki se je razvijal vzporedno s takrat napredno evropsko glasbo. To problematiko uvajata prispevka o estetski normiranosti in posebej o zgodnjebaročni problematiki (M. Bergamo, B. Bujič). Teme osrednjega dela zbornika segajo od razvojnih značilnosti baročnega obdobja s periodizacijo (I. Klemenčič) do ustvarjalnih prispevkov posameznih skladateljev (M. Kokole, B. Šinigoj, T. Faganel). Posebej je osvetljena problematika glasbenega poustvarjanja (J. Sivec, K. Bedina, E. Škulj). Interdisciplinarni vidik zajema področji slovenske literature in umetnostne zgodovine (J. Faganel, D. Prelovšek), mednarodni sega zlasti k bližnjim srednjeevropskim glasbenim kulturam (R. Flotzinger, J. Sehnal, K. Kos, S. Tuksar).
More than an essential companion to the complete "Penguin Guide to Compact Discs" (1999), the "Yearbook 2000/1" reviews hundreds of brand new CDs and takes a closer look at some of the more unusual areas of the classical-music repertoire.
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