This handbook shows that approximately one in ten cancers in western populations is due to an insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, a finding that should encourage all organizations as well as governments to continue efforts to increase or maintain fruit and vegetable intake as an important objective of programs to improve nutrition to reduce the burden of cancer and other chronic diseases. The clearest evidence of a cancer-protective effect of eating more fruits is for stomach and esophageal cancers. Similarly, a higher intake of vegetables probably reduces the incidence of cancer of esophagus and colon-rectum. Fruit and vegetables contain many nutrients; they also contain other bioactive compounds that may influence many aspects of human biology and related disease processes.
This publication sets outs the findings of an IARC Working Group, held in Lyon, France in November 2003, which considered the benefits of a diet rich in cruciferous vegetables in helping to reduce the risk of various cancers. Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, watercress and brussel sprouts, contain substantial amounts of compounds which have been shown to inhibit the growth of cancers. This publication reviews current knowledge on the topic, including data from human, experimental and mechanistic studies, as well as making recommendations for future research and public health policy options.
The objective of the Handbooks program is the preparation of critical reviews and evaluations of evidence on the cancer-preventive and other relevant properties of a wide range of potential cancer-preventive agents and strategies by international working groups of experts. In this volume on carotenoids their chemical and physical characteristics, occurrence, production, use, analysis and human exposure, metabolism, kinetics and genetic variation are studied, as well as their cancer-preventive effects, other beneficial effects, carcinogenicity and other toxic effects. A summary of data and recommendations for research are provided at the end.
This handbook shows that approximately one in ten cancers in western populations is due to an insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, a finding that should encourage all organizations as well as governments to continue efforts to increase or maintain fruit and vegetable intake as an important objective of programs to improve nutrition to reduce the burden of cancer and other chronic diseases. The clearest evidence of a cancer-protective effect of eating more fruits is for stomach and esophageal cancers. Similarly, a higher intake of vegetables probably reduces the incidence of cancer of esophagus and colon-rectum. Fruit and vegetables contain many nutrients; they also contain other bioactive compounds that may influence many aspects of human biology and related disease processes.
The objective of the Handbooks program is the preparation of critical reviews and evaluations of evidence on the cancer-preventive and other relevant properties of a wide range of potential cancer-preventive agents and strategies by international working groups of experts. In this volume on carotenoids their chemical and physical characteristics, occurrence, production, use, analysis and human exposure, metabolism, kinetics and genetic variation are studied, as well as their cancer-preventive effects, other beneficial effects, carcinogenicity and other toxic effects. A summary of data and recommendations for research are provided at the end.
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