The first biographical dictionary in any Western language devoted solely to Chinese women, Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women is the product of years of research, translation, and writing by scores of China scholars from around the world. Volume II: Twentieth Century includes a far greater range of women than would have been previously possible because of the enormous amount of historical material and scholarly research that has become available recently. They include scientists, businesswomen, sportswomen, military officers, writers, scholars, revolutionary heroines, politicians, musicians, opera stars, film stars, artists, educators, nuns, and more.
Using a wide variety of previously unavailable sources, Hong Yung Lee offers a theoretical and historical perspective on China's ruling elite, examining their politics and the bureaucratic system in which they participate. He traces the evolution of these cadres from the guerrilla fighters who first joined the communist movement and founded the new regime in 1949 to the technocratic specialists who wield power today. In the revolution, communist leaders built a peasant-based party organization whose members were largely recruited from uneducated poor peasants and hired laborers. Even after they became the founders of a new regime, their rural orientation and revolutionary experiences continued to affect the political process. Lee shows how the requirements of modernization compelled the state to replace the revolutionary cadres with bureaucratic technocrats. Selected from the postliberation generation, the new leaders are more committed to problem-solving than to socialism. Despite uncertainties in the immediate future, this elite transformation signifies an end to modern China's revolutionary era. Lee argues that it seems only a matter of time before China will have a bureaucratic-authoritarian regime led by technocrats possessing a managerial perspective and a pragmatic economic orientation. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1991.
This volume of the Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women completes the four-volume project and contains more than 400 biographies of women active in the Tang through Ming dynasties (618-1644). Many of the entries are the result of original research and provide the only substantial information on women available in English. Of note is the inclusion of a large number of women who reached positions of authority during this period as well as women artists and writers, especially poets, during this period of increased female literacy and more liberal social attitudes to women's cultural roles. Wherever possible, entries incorporate translations of poems and sometimes prose works so as to let the women speak for themselves. The book also includes a multitude of entertainers and actresses. The volume includes a Guide to Chinese Words Used, a Chronology of Dynasties and Major Rulers, a Finding List by Background or Fields of Endeavor, and a Glossary of Chinese Names. It will prove to be a useful tool for research and teaching.
Lin Hongxue was an extraordinary orphan. Carrying the hatred of the annihilation of his sect, hiding in the martial arts world. A fortuitous encounter with a martial artist was taught a peerless divine art by the Xiao Yao Immortal. Furthermore, it was said that he had obtained a treasure, the "Ruyi Knife". As for his enemy, the Southern Palace, who trained in the "Great Blood Devil Art" and the "Myriad Demons Divine Art" of the Western Regions, he was injured by Lin Hongxue's blade at the Martial Arts Competition. As a result of this, Lin Hong Xue had no intention of opening the gate to the God Realm. She wanted to become the future supreme leader of the God Realm, the "Asura God"! It was a battle between gods and devils that had never been seen before in history. From then on, he would embark on the road of divine refinement that was filled with thrill, excitement, and passion ... He wanted to see how Lin Hongxue cultivated the Qi of the Nine Realms, how she could dominate all living beings in the three realms of the gods and devils.
This groundbreaking book by the eminent Peking University professor Hong Zicheng covers the literary scene in China during the 1949-1999 period, primarily focusing on fiction, poetry, drama, and prose writing. Reprinted sixteen times since its publication in the PRC in 1999 it is now available in English translation at last. The first section of the book deals with the 1949-1976 period. Often derided and ignored as an arid era for literature by both Chinese and overseas critics, Professor Hong describes the literature that was popular and officially acceptable at the time, and the cultural policies and political campaigns that shaped the tastes of readers and the literary creativity of writers during the period. This part of the book is remarkable for Professor Hong’s candidness and open-mindedness, qualities that would have made this text difficult to publish at an earlier date in China. Furthermore, the platform that the first part of the text provides renders the second part even more understandable to readers unfamiliar with the post-1976 literary scene – and offers new insights to those who are familiar with it – demonstrating as it does the close links between the two distinctive eras. These links are provided by the resumption of literary traditions that had been more-or-less abandoned during the preceding ten-year period, as well as reactions against literature nurtured and guided by the state cultural apparatus. The second part of the book consists of a comprehensive description of developments – and insightful explanations of those developments – in the literary arts and literary criticism since 1976. A unique and much needed accomplishment in contemporary literary studies. Also available in paperback.
Lin Xuan and Zhou Chen were originally a couple, but with her stepfather taking advantage of them, Lin Xuan leaked the Zhou family's secret and killed Zhou's parents. Although Zhou Chen tried his best to bring the Zhou family onto the right path, he forced Lin Xuan's mother's life as a threat, tying her to his side and torturing her for a long time.Lin Xuan was tortured to the point of miscarriage before she turned to An Zhinan for help. At this moment, An Zinnan's heart was tangled. He didn't know what kind of feelings he had towards Lin Xuan. While he was swaying, Lin Xuan heard that Zhou Chen was engaged, and it just so happened that it was an accident. Zhou Chen, who was in the midst of filming the wedding photo, left his fiancee, Mu Yating, and rushed home.Mu Yating was infuriated. She found Lin Xuan's mother and showed her the records of her miscarriage, as well as the description of Lin Xuan's relationship with Zhou Chen. Her mother was so angry that her heart skipped a beat. When Lin Xuan woke up and heard that her mother was in intensive care, she went to visit. Weeping in and out in the corridor, he chanced upon the largest shareholder of the hospital, Lord Punishment.Mu Yating was someone that Su Man could arrange. The two of them knew each other, and they matched each other's intentions with a single glance. Su Man had only used Mu Yating's identity to enter the upper class society and get close to Lord Punishment. Mu Yating had repeatedly helped her.He had long since heard that Lin Xuan's Devil Lord Xing Jun originally looked down on Lin Xuan, but after only a few days with her, he felt that she wasn't that kind of person. Thus, he often came to visit her. Mu Yating and Zhou Chen were making a ruckus, so Zhou Chen decided to back off the engagement. He was still brooding over the relationship between Lin Xuan and Jun Xing, but his attitude towards Lin Xuan was much better than before.
The first biographical dictionary in any Western language devoted solely to Chinese women, this reference is the product of years of research, translation, and writing by a team of over 60 China scholars from around the world. Compiled from a wide array of original sources, these detailed biographies present the lives, work, and significance of more than 200 Chinese women from many different backgrounds and areas of interest.
Yu (East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore) examines a number of issues revolving around Bicoastal China (The People's Republic of China, or Mainland China, and the Republic of China, or Taiwan). These issues include the dialectical succession problem in China; the dialectical relationship between the Communist Party and the Chinese People's Liberation Army; the politico-military dimension of mainland China and Taiwan's relations; and the dialectical dual recognition in foreign relations.
The Sinitic Civilization A Factual History through the Lens of Archaeology, Bronzeware, Astronomy, Divination, Calendar and the Annals The book covered the time span of history of the Sinitic civilization from antiquity, to the 3rd millennium B.C. to A.D. 85. A comprehensive review of history related to the Sinitic cosmological, astronomical, astrological, historical, divinatory, and geographical developments was given. All ancient Chinese calendars had been examined, with the ancient thearchs' dates examined from the perspective how they were forged or made up. The book provides the indisputable evidence regarding the fingerprint of the forger for the 3rd century A.D. book Shang-shu (remotely ancient history), and close to 50 fingerprints of the forger of the contemporary version of The Bamboo Annals. Using the watershed line of Qin Emperor Shihuangdi's book burning of 213 B.C., the book rectified what was the original history before the book burning, filtered out what was forged after the book burning, sorted out the sophistry and fables that were rampant just prior to the book burning, and validated the history against the records in the oracle bones, bronzeware, and bamboo slips. The book covers 95-98% and more of the contents in the two ancient history annals of The Spring Autumn Annals and The Bamboo Annals. There are dedicated chapters devoted to interpreting Qu Yuan's poem Asking Heaven (Tian Wen), the mythical book The Legends of Mountains & Seas (Shan Hai Jing), geography book Lord Yu's Tributes (Yu Gong), and Zhou King Muwang's Travelogue (Mu-tian-zi Zhuan). The book has appendices of two calendars: the first anterior quarter remainder calendar (247 B.C.-104 B.C./247 B.C.-85 A.D.) of the Qin Empire, as well as a conversion table of the sexagenary years of the virtual Yin-li (Shang dynasty) quarter remainder calendar versus the Gregorian calendar, that covers the years 2698 B.C. to 2018 A.D. Book I stops about the midpoint of the 242 years covered in Confucius' abridged book The Spring & Autumn Annals (722-481 B.C.). Book II stops at Han Emperor Zhangdi (Liu Da, reign A.D. 76-88; actual reign Aug of A.D. 75-Feb of A.D. 88), with the A.D. 85 adoption of the Sifen-li posterior quarter remainder calendar premised on reverting to the sexagenary years of the virtual Yin-li (Shang dynasty) quarter remainder calendar, a calendar disconnected from the Jupiter's chronogram, that was purportedly invented by the Confucians on basis of Confucius' identifying the 'qi-lin' divine giraffe animal and wrapping up the masterpiece The Spring & Autumn Annals two years prior to death.
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