William Winchester established Westminster in 1764 by laying out 45 town lots along the main road to Baltimore. The lots sold quickly, and soon there was a small but thriving community. When Carroll County was established in 1837, Westminster was named the county seat, bringing government officials, judges, lawyers, and visitors to the town. Hotels, homes, and stores sprang up to serve the influx of new residents and visitors. The Western Maryland Railway reached Westminster in 1861. In 1863, Confederate general J. E. B. Stuart's cavalry arrived en route to Gettysburg and battled a small detachment of Union cavalry responsible for guarding the vital railroad link to Baltimore. After Stuart's troops continued on to Pennsylvania, Union troops established an important depot, with supplies arriving from Baltimore for transport to the battlefield and wounded soldiers returning to be cared for in Westminster's hotels, churches, and homes. Westminster prospered throughout the 19th and 20th centuries as it became the center of an industrial and agricultural community.
Of the settlers who journeyed to North Texas 165 years ago, 12 families from Missouri traveled in oxen-drawn wagons to the Eastern Cross Timbers. These families laid claim to land in Peters Colony that was promised by the Republic of Texas's first empresario. The hardscrabble colonists built log cabins and the Lonesome Dove Church, the first church in Tarrant County. Their village came to be called Dove. Later settlements included White's Chapel, Old Union, and Jellico. The Depression hit local farmers and cattlemen hard, and newspaper accounts tell of small-time outlaws passing through, including members of the infamous Bonnie and Clyde gang who shot and killed two state troopers near Texas Highway 114. In 1956, a handful of neighbors voted to incorporate, and the town of Southlake was born. A decade later, city leaders from nearby Dallas and Fort Worth agreed to the construction of a regional airport east of Southlake, and the Dallas-Fort Worth Airport brought many families and prosperity to an area that flourishes today.
Enter the leather-hinged door of the dirt-floored, one-room log cabin that John Wood built in October 1822 near the Mississippi River on Illinois’ westernmost shore. Two months later, Wood, a New Yorker in the vanguard of pioneers into the West, threw the first Christmas party there. A local historian wrote that Wood provided the whiskey, and the guests stayed all night. It was a standard of hospitality that John Wood set for all who followed. And his community responded. Here they provided refuge to 5,700 Mormons facing death, organized Illinois’ first antislavery society, comforted Potawatomi Indians forced over a “Trail of Death” into the West. Here Adams County’s pioneer men and women brought ideals and dreams. They built a powerful, river-based economy, became inventors and industrialists, doctors and lawyers, artists and soldiers, saints and sinners, living an enduring spirit made clear in these stories of 19th century Adams County, Illinois.
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