The physics of nuclear collective motion was pioneered by A Bohr and B R Mottelson 50 years ago. Since then, experimental and theoretical development in this field has been remarkable under the leadership of the Copenhagen group. In the 21st century, a new era has opened up due to the recent developments of experimental facilities, especially radioactive ion beams and large ?-ray arrays. Interest in collective motions is now shared in the research of other quantum many-body systems ? for example, microclusters and Bose-Einstein condensation. It is therefore timely and important to review the current understanding of collective motions and discuss new directions of future study.The main topics of the symposium include recent theoretical and experimental progress in the understanding of vibrational and rotational motions in nuclei. Collective motions of Bose-Einstein condensation and microclusters are also addressed. The symposium invited several keynote speakers to review and discuss our present understanding and to identify future challenges. Oral presentations are also selected from submitted contributions. This symposium is an opportunity not just to present progress and future prospects but to exchange new ideas and to provoke controversies through intellectual debates.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: ? Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)
This expanded version to the 2010 edition features quantum annealing algorithm and its application for optimization problems. Recent progress on quantum computing, especially, advanced topics such as Shor's algorithm, quantum search, quantum cryptography and architecture of quantum bit are also included.Book is self-contained and unified in its description of the cross-disciplinary nature of this field. It is not strictly mathematical, but aims to provide intuitive and transparent ideas of the subjects. The book starts from basic quantum mechanics and EPR pair and its measurements. Fundamental concepts of classical computer are given in order to extend it to quantum computer. Classical information theory is also explained in detail such as Shannon and Von Neumann entropy. Then quantum algorithm is introduced starting from Dutch-Josza and ending up with Shor's factorization algorithms. Quantum cryptography is also introduced such as BB84 Protocol, B92 protocol and E91 protocol. Eventually quantum search algorithm is explained.In summary, the book starts from basic quantum mechanics and eventually comes up to state-of-the art quantum algorithm of quantum computations and computers. Students can obtain practical problem-solving ability by attempting the exercises at the end of each chapter. Detailed solutions to all problems are provided.
This book provides an introduction to the basic ideas and concepts of quantum computation and information for both undergraduate and graduate students. The book starts with the quantum bits and the entangled states which turn out to bring revolutionary ideas in information theory. This book is self-contained and unified in its description of the cross-disciplinary nature of this field. The book aims to provide intuitive and transparent ideas of the subjects, and is not strictly mathematical. Quantum mechanics and mathematical tools (especially, number theory) are explained with many examples and illustrations. The students can obtain practical problem-solving ability by solving the exercises at the end of each chapter. Detailed solutions to all problems are provided at the end of the book.
This textbook is a unique and ambitious primer of nuclear physics, which introduces recent theoretical and experimental progresses starting from basics in fundamental quantum mechanics. The highlight is to offer an overview of nuclear structure phenomena relevant to recent key findings such as unstable halo nuclei, superheavy elements, neutron stars, nucleosynthesis, the standard model, lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD), and chiral effective theory. An additional attraction is that general properties of nuclei are comprehensively explained from both the theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The book begins with the conceptual and mathematical basics of quantum mechanics, and goes into the main point of nuclear physics – nuclear structure, radioactive ion beam physics, and nuclear reactions. The last chapters devote interdisciplinary topics in association with astrophysics and particle physics. A number of illustrations and exercises with complete solutions are given. Each chapter is comprehensively written starting from fundamentals to gradually reach modern aspects of nuclear physics with the objective to provide an effective description of the cutting edge in the field.
Spin physics is one of the most important and active areas of theoretical/experimental nuclear physics. In nuclear reactions, the observations of spin polarizations give important clues to the nuclear structures and reaction mechanism. For high energy nuclear physics, the polarized quark-parton distributions of the nucleon/nucleus are studied intensively. In the study of baryon structures and nuclear astrophysics, spin is an important observable through hadron reactions. The focus of these proceedings is on the spin-dependent phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions and related topics in nuclear and hadron physics. The main subjects covered are: spin polarization phenomena in nuclear and hadronic reactions; spin-dependent excitations in nuclei and spin observables; recent development in nuclear reaction theories; spin-dependent phenomena in fundamental processes; and related topics.
This textbook is a unique and ambitious primer of nuclear physics, which introduces recent theoretical and experimental progresses starting from basics in fundamental quantum mechanics. The highlight is to offer an overview of nuclear structure phenomena relevant to recent key findings such as unstable halo nuclei, superheavy elements, neutron stars, nucleosynthesis, the standard model, lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD), and chiral effective theory. An additional attraction is that general properties of nuclei are comprehensively explained from both the theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The book begins with the conceptual and mathematical basics of quantum mechanics, and goes into the main point of nuclear physics – nuclear structure, radioactive ion beam physics, and nuclear reactions. The last chapters devote interdisciplinary topics in association with astrophysics and particle physics. A number of illustrations and exercises with complete solutions are given. Each chapter is comprehensively written starting from fundamentals to gradually reach modern aspects of nuclear physics with the objective to provide an effective description of the cutting edge in the field.
This book provides an introduction to the basic ideas and concepts of quantum computation and information for both undergraduate and graduate students. The book starts with the quantum bits and the entangled states which turn out to bring revolutionary ideas in information theory. This book is self-contained and unified in its description of the cross-disciplinary nature of this field. The book aims to provide intuitive and transparent ideas of the subjects, and is not strictly mathematical. Quantum mechanics and mathematical tools (especially, number theory) are explained with many examples and illustrations. The students can obtain practical problem-solving ability by solving the exercises at the end of each chapter. Detailed solutions to all problems are provided at the end of the book.
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