Hirokazu Yoshikawa's Books

Cradle to Kindergarten

A New Plan to Combat Inequality

By: Ajay Chaudry,Taryn Morrissey,Christina Weiland,Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Cradle to Kindergarten

A New Plan to Combat Inequality

By: Ajay Chaudry,Taryn Morrissey,Christina Weiland,Hirokazu Yoshikawa

Early care and education for many children in the United States is in crisis. The period between birth and kindergarten is a critical time for child development, and socioeconomic disparities that begin early in children’s lives contribute to starkly different long-term outcomes for adults. Yet, compared to other advanced economies, high-quality child care and preschool in the United States are scarce and prohibitively expensive for many middle-class and most disadvantaged families. To what extent can early-life interventions provide these children with the opportunities that their affluent peers enjoy and contribute to reduced social inequality in the long term? Cradle to Kindergarten offers a comprehensive, evidence-based strategy that diagnoses the obstacles to accessible early education and charts a path to opportunity for all children. The U.S. government invests less in children under the age of five than do most other developed nations. Most working families must seek private childcare, which means that children from low-income households, who would benefit most from high-quality early education, are the least likely to attend them. Existing policies, such as pre-kindergarten in some states are only partial solutions. To address these deficiencies, the authors propose to overhaul the early care system, beginning with a federal paid parental leave policy that provides both mothers and fathers with time and financial support after the birth of a child. They also advocate increased public benefits, including an expansion of the child care tax credit, and a new child care assurance program that subsidizes the cost of early care for low- and moderate-income families. They also propose that universal, high-quality early education in the states should start by age three, and a reform of the Head Start program that would include more intensive services for families living in areas of concentrated poverty and experiencing multiple adversities from the earliest point in these most disadvantaged children’s lives. They conclude with an implementation plan and contend that these reforms are attainable within a ten-year timeline. Reducing educational and economic inequalities requires that all children have robust opportunities to learn, fully develop their capacities, and have a fair shot at success. Cradle to Kindergarten presents a blueprint for fulfilling this promise by expanding access to educational and financial resources at a critical stage of child development.

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285

Publisher

Russell Sage Foundation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1610449061

ISBN 13

9781610449069

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Undocumented Parents and Their Children

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Immigrants Raising Citizens

Undocumented Parents and Their Children

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa

An in-depth look at the challenges undocumented immigrants face as they raise children in the U.S. There are now nearly four million children born in the United States who have undocumented immigrant parents. In the current debates around immigration reform, policymakers often view immigrants as an economic or labor market problem to be solved, but the issue has a very real human dimension. Immigrant parents without legal status are raising their citizen children under stressful work and financial conditions, with the constant threat of discovery and deportation that may narrow social contacts and limit participation in public programs that might benefit their children. Immigrants Raising Citizens offers a compelling description of the everyday experiences of these parents, their very young children, and the consequences these experiences have on their children's development. Immigrants Raising Citizens challenges conventional wisdom about undocumented immigrants, viewing them not as lawbreakers or victims, but as the parents of citizens whose adult productivity will be essential to the nation's future. The book's findings are based on data from a three-year study of 380 infants from Dominican, Mexican, Chinese, and African American families, which included in-depth interviews, in-home child assessments, and parent surveys. The book shows that undocumented parents share three sets of experiences that distinguish them from legal-status parents and may adversely influence their children's development: avoidance of programs and authorities, isolated social networks, and poor work conditions. Fearing deportation, undocumented parents often avoid accessing valuable resources that could help their children's development—such as access to public programs and agencies providing child care and food subsidies. At the same time, many of these parents are forced to interact with illegal entities such as smugglers or loan sharks out of financial necessity. Undocumented immigrants also tend to have fewer reliable social ties to assist with child care or share information on child-rearing. Compared to legal-status parents, undocumented parents experience significantly more exploitive work conditions, including long hours, inadequate pay and raises, few job benefits, and limited autonomy in job duties. These conditions can result in ongoing parental stress, economic hardship, and avoidance of center-based child care—which is directly correlated with early skill development in children. The result is poorly developed cognitive skills, recognizable in children as young as two years old, which can negatively impact their future school performance and, eventually, their job prospects. Immigrants Raising Citizens has important implications for immigration policy, labor law enforcement, and the structure of community services for immigrant families. In addition to low income and educational levels, undocumented parents experience hardships due to their status that have potentially lifelong consequences for their children. With nothing less than the future contributions of these children at stake, the book presents a rigorous and sobering argument that the price for ignoring this reality may be too high to pay.

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209

Publisher

Russell Sage Foundation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1610447077

ISBN 13

9781610447072

Mid-size Drugs Based on Peptides and Peptidomimetics

A New Drug Category

By: Hirokazu Tamamura,Takuya Kobayakawa,Nami Ohashi

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Mid-size Drugs Based on Peptides and Peptidomimetics

A New Drug Category

By: Hirokazu Tamamura,Takuya Kobayakawa,Nami Ohashi

This brief describes studies conducted by the authors on mid-size drugs utilizing peptides and peptidomimetics, and on the development of anti-HIV agents. Peptides are important biological molecules and have various physiological actions. Peptide-based drug discovery may help bring about the development of useful medicines that are highly safe and show potent pharmacological effects in small doses. Recently, it has been shown that there is an important drug-like space in the mid-sized region between low- and high-molecular-weight compounds. Thus, mid-size drugs such as peptide compounds are being focused on. To date, several peptidomimetics that mimic primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of peptides have been developed to maintain and improve biological activities and actions of peptides. In this book, the features and advantages of mid-size drugs are described in detail. In addition, the merits of utilizing peptidomimetics in the development of mid-size drugs are referred to. Understanding such peptide-derived mid-size drugs will lead to a comprehensive expansion of medicinal chemistry.

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Page Count

113

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

981107691X

ISBN 13

9789811076916

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Undocumented Parents and Their Children

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Immigrants Raising Citizens

Undocumented Parents and Their Children

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Page Count

209

Publisher

Russell Sage Foundation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1610447077

ISBN 13

9781610447072

Cradle to Kindergarten

A New Plan to Combat Inequality

By: Ajay Chaudry,Taryn Morrissey,Christina Weiland,Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Cradle to Kindergarten

A New Plan to Combat Inequality

By: Ajay Chaudry,Taryn Morrissey,Christina Weiland,Hirokazu Yoshikawa

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Page Count

285

Publisher

Russell Sage Foundation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1610449061

ISBN 13

9781610449069

Lessons from the Field

Head Start Mental Health Strategies to Meet Changing Needs

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa,Jane Knitzer

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Lessons from the Field

Head Start Mental Health Strategies to Meet Changing Needs

By: Hirokazu Yoshikawa,Jane Knitzer

Intended to foster program-to-program learning from within the Head Start community about how programs infuse a mental health perspective into Head Start, this report highlights strategies generated by seven Head Start programs to better meet the changing and intensifying mental health needs of Head Start children, families, and staff. The report is designed to stimulate dialogue about difficult issues that are often unaddressed, such as skepticism about traditional mental health strategies, the depth of need among some families, or where to find funding. An additional goal of the report is to spur communication and collaborative partnerships between the mental health, Head Start, and other service communities. Chapter 1 of the report summarizes the reasons that new attention to building nontraditional and strengthening traditional mental health strategies is both critical and possible. Chapter 2 presents mental health-related strategies that focus on staff development involving primarily work with children. Chapter 3 highlights new ways of engaging families, particularly those with the most complex stresses. Chapter 4 describes those few programs whose mental health-related strategies include strong connections to the larger community, either through collaborations around integrated services, or as part of community efforts to address problems such as substance abuse. Chapter 5 focuses on issues related to efforts to enhance mental health in the context of Head Start. These issues include assessment, gaps in research, financing needs, and the kind of training and technical assistance all programs need to enhance mental health-related strategies. Chapter 6 summarizes the lessons learned and offers recommendations at the program, community, state, and national levels. (Appendices contain a list of resources, national organizations concerned with children's mental health, Head Start mental health performance standards, and program and resource contacts cited in lessons from the field). (JPB)

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Page Count

103

Publisher

National Center for Children in Poverty

Published Date

ISBN 10

0926582216

ISBN 13

9780926582217

Book's by Hirokazu Yoshikawa

Cradle to Kindergarten

Cradle to Kindergarten

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Mid-size Drugs Based on Peptides and Peptidomimetics

Mid-size Drugs Based on Peptides and Peptidomimetics

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Cradle to Kindergarten

Cradle to Kindergarten

Lessons from the Field

Lessons from the Field

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