Since the appearance of its first edition in Germany in 1979, A History of German Literature has established itself as a classic work used by students and anyone interested in German literature. The volume chronologically traces the development of German literature from the Middle Ages to the present day. Throughout this chronology, literary developments are set in a social and political context. This includes a final chapter, written for this latest edition, on the consequences of the reunification of Germany in 1990. Thoroughly interdiscipinary in method, the work also reflects recent developments in literary criticism and history. Highly readable and stimulating, A History of German Literature succeeds in making the literature of the past as immediate and engaging as the works of the present. It is both a scholary study and an invaluable reference work for students.
Helmut Thielicke's lectures, first spoken in defiance of the Nazi regime, are recorded here. He covers a wide range of topics, including, ethics, politics, the state, war, atomic power, economics, sex and art. Revolutionary in their time, they offeran example of how Christian faith can provide a strong ground to stand on when living in the constant danger of death. Delivered during World War II when one after another of Thielicke's meeting places were bombed, the lectures were aimed at people who were not conventional churchgoers and were not accustomed to the language and premises of the church. They were people who had to be met on their own ground, and then introduced to the Christian faith. Thielicke had a unique gift for finding the point of contact and addressing the Gospel to this point. Relevant even to this day, his words remind us what it means to be a Christian.
On February 24-25, 1956, in a closed session of the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Nikita S. Khrushchev made his now famous speech on the crimes of the Stalin era. That speech marked a break with the past and it marked the end of what J.M. Bochenski dubbed the "dead period" of Soviet philosophy. Soviet philosophy changed abruptly after 1956, especially in the area of dialectical materialism. Yet most philosophers in the West neither noticed nor cared. For them, the resurrection of Soviet philosophy, even if believable, was of little interest. The reasons for the lack of belief and interest were multiple. Soviet philosophy had been dull for so long that subtle differences made little difference. The Cold War was in a frigid period and reinforced the attitude of avoiding anything Soviet. Phenomenology and exis tentialism were booming in Europe and analytic philosophy was king on the Anglo-American philosophical scene. Moreover, not many philosophers in the West knew or could read Russian or were motivated to learn it to be able to read Soviet philosophical works. The launching of Sputnik awakened the West from its self complacent slumbers. Academic interest in the Soviet Union grew.
The study of varieties of capitalism is moving on from the analysis of static national types to embrace local and sectoral diversity and the study of systems in the process of major change. This volume addresses the issue by examining four localised sectors, comparing a German case with one in another European country. The general changes taking place in Germany itself and the other countries (Hungary, Sweden, and the UK) form the context of the studies. The case studies concern: * Furniture making in North-Rhine Westphalia and southern Sweden, * Automotive manufacture in east Germany and northern Hungary, * Biotechnology around Munich and Cambridge, * TV programme and film-making in Cologne and central London. The studies find a complex pattern of conformity with, and deviation from, national types, but only occasional examples of where divergence takes the form of a direct confrontation with a national model. This is partly because national models are themselves changing; partly because they are often capable of accommodating more diversity than is often assumed by national studies; and partly because firms are increasingly able to reach outside their national boundaries for institutional resources.
Langenscheidt Compact Dictionary German-English/English-German: Over 120,000 references *Wide range of vocabulary with a wealth of idiomatic expressions *Full pronunciation of German entries *Grammatical information on German nouns and verbs *The comprehensive reference work in a convenient size.
Helmut Lemke was born in 1926 in East Prussia. He recounts, often humorously, his life at the boarding school in Marienburg, in the Hitler-youth, the workforce and the military. In the last year of the war he was stationed at the eastern front and was wounded in East Prussia. In a suspenseful way he takes the reader along on his adventurous, dangerous journey from the military hospital in Schwerin back into his home village in East Prussia, where he hoped to find his mother again. He gives an insight into the life conditions and circumstances in his home village, now under Russian occupation, shortly after the end of the war as he observed and experienced them. Expelled from his home by Polish authorities, he lives for a short time as refugee in communist East Germany and flees to West Germany. There he studies at the Technical University of Braunschweig and at the university of Bluffton USA. He describes interesting happenings on his trip hitch- hiking through the United States. After he finished his studies with a degree in Architecture, he emigrates to Canada. In Canada he worked as an architect and art instructor. He married Hildegard and they have three children. He described his life as an immigrant in his second book 'A Life Fully Lived (Loving Hildegard)' He lives now in Vancouver at the west coast of Canada. =========================== In German: Helmut Lemke wurde 1926 in Ostpreußen geboren. Er erzählt, oft humorvoll, über seine Zeit im Internat in Marienburg, in der HJ, im Arbeitsdienst und Militär. Im letzten Kriegsjahr wurde er an der Ostfront eingesetzt und später in Ostpreußen verwundet. In spannender Weise nimmt er den Leser mit auf seine abenteuerliche, gefahrenvolle Reise vom Lazarett in Schwerin zurück in sein Heimatdorf in Westpreußen, wo er hoffte, seine Mutter zu finden. Er gibt einen Einblick in die Lebensbedingungen und Zustände, wie er sie kurz nach dem Krieg in seinem Heimatdorf vorfand und miterlebte. Er schildert schreckliche Erlebnisse unter russischer Militärbesatzung und polnischer Verwaltung. Von den Polen ausgewiesen, lebt er kurze Zeit als Flüchtling in Ostdeutschland, flieht nach Westdeutschland und studiert an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig und der Bluffton Universität in den USA. Er schildert interessante Erfahrungen von seiner Fahrt per Anhalter quer durch die Vereinigten Staaten. Nach abgeschlossenem Architekturstudium, wandert er 1955 nach Kanada aus. In Kanada arbeitete er als Architekt und Kunsterzieher. Er heiratet Hildegard und sie haben drei Kinder. Er beschreibt sein Leben als Immigrant in seinem zweiten Buch, A Life Fully Lived. (Loving Hildegard) Er lebt jetzt in Vancouver, an der Westküste Kanadas.
This book, first published in 1961, examines the old Tibetan Bon religion, the development of Buddhism in India and Tibet, and covers the religious struggles of the eighth and ninth centuries. It also describes the rise of the Lamaist sects and the priest state of the Dalai Lamas, and taken as a whole is a study of the development of the character of Tibet itself.
The Cylinder investigates the surprising proliferation of cylindrical objects in the nineteenth century, such as steam engines, phonographs, panoramas, rotary printing presses, silos, safety locks, and many more. Examining this phenomenon through the lens of kinematics, the science of forcing motion, Helmut Müller-Sievers provides a new view of the history of mechanics and of the culture of the industrial revolution, including its literature, that focuses on the metaphysics and aesthetics of motion. Müller-Sievers explores how nineteenth-century prose falls in with the specific rhythm of cylindrical machinery, re-imagines the curvature of cylindrical spaces, and conjoins narrative progress and reflection in a single stylistic motion. Illuminating the intersection of engineering, culture, and literature, he argues for a concept of culture that includes an epoch’s relation to the motion of its machines.
That a symbolic object or work of art participates in what it signifies, as a part within a whole, was a controversial claim discussed with particular intensity in the wake of Immanuel Kant's Critique of Judgment. It informed the aesthetic theories of a constellation of writers in Jena and Weimar around 1800, including Moritz, Goethe, Schelling and Hegel. Yet the twin concepts of symbol and intuition were not only tools of literary and mythological criticism: they were integral even to questions of epistemology and methodology in the fields of theology, metaphysics, history and natural philosophy. The international contributors to this volume further explore how both the explanatory potential and peculiar dissatisfactions of the symbol entered the Anglo-American discourse, focusing on Coleridge, Crabb Robinson and Emerson. Contemporary debates about the claims of symbolic as opposed to allegorical art are kept in view throughout.
Few philosophers stand out as boldly as Immanuel Kant. While he did not write as much as others, his principle works, Critique of Pure Reason, Critique of Practical Reason, and Critique of Judgment, are known worldwide. During his time, schools of Kantianism quickly sprang up and were later joined by schools of Neokantianism. Admittedly, not all of Kant's concepts have aged well, but many are still taught among the basics of philosophy today and therefore must be known by every student. The A to Z of Kant and Kantianism provides a comprehensive dictionary that will aid not only students, but also teachers and the general public, since it contains hundreds of entries describing Kant's life and works, and explaining his concepts as well as the contributions of his followers (and also some opponents). Furthermore, much of the writings of the Neokantians, as well as the literature dealing with this movement, are not available in English, thus, this book provides an introduction to this phenomenon to the English-language reader. Given the inevitable problems of language, the glossary is particularly helpful, while the bibliography makes the massive amounts of literature more accessible.
In 1900, in a small country town of the German Empire, a German boy is found murdered in a crime which resembles traditional blood libel accusation against the Jews. When the Jewish butcher is accused, the town explodes in an anti-Semitic fervour. Professor Smith pieces the story together.
The only complete edition in any language of all the known stenographic conferences. These are the first verbatim records in history of military planning at the highest level.
Quinones are members of a class of aromatic compounds with two oxygen atoms bonded to the ring as carbonyl groups. This volume covers the role of quinines enzymes in cellular signalling and modulation of gene expression.*Coenzyme Q: Detection and Quinone Reductases*Plasma Membrane Quinone Reductases*Quinones, Cellular Signaling, and Modulation of Gene Expression
Crossing Frontiers is an autobiography. It starts with a short historical background of the author’s home country, Germany, as it refers to his story. Growing up during the depression and under Hitler’s National Socialists, he saw the Third Reich rise and fall. He relates interesting and humorous events from his school time, his training in the Hitler youth, labor force and military. In riveting details, he describes his war experiences, his return to his home in search of his mother. He points out the dangers he encountered living under Russian and Polish rule and later being expelled. He describes the situation in Germany after the war, illustrating it from his experience in refugee camps in East Germany, and his escape to West Germany. He compares university life in Germany, where he studied for his degree in architecture and the USA where he studied on a scholarship for a year. He narrates his adventures, hitchhiking through the United States, masterfully. His story ends with his decision to immigrate to Canada.
This book presents an alternative representation of Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, which makes Special Relativity much more comprehensible. Moreover, one will come across a fundamental relationship between the Special Theory of Relativity and the mechanics of space lattice. In all previous formulations, the Einsteinian special principle of relativity, in one or the other form is used as the starting point for Special Relativity. In correspondence to this principle, one takes it as granted apriori, that all observers independent of their uniform motion to each other measure one and the same propagation velocity of a light signal. This book is thought of as a lecture for physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists and concentrates on the students of these fields. The book should reach a broad circle of interested readers from the fields of natural sciences and philosophy and provide and invigorating experience for engineers.
Bernhard Kuhn's study uncovers a fundamental connection between the autobiographies and scientific writings of Rousseau, Goethe, and Thoreau that refutes the now entrenched thesis of the 'two cultures.' As he examines these three representative writers, Kuhn reveals the scientific character of autobiographical writing while demonstrating the autobiographical nature of natural science. An unfolding drama emerges, in which Romantic Period writers are seen preserving what modern culture is determined to break apart.
One of the most contentious questions in contemporary literary studies is whether there can ever be a science of literature that can lay claim to objectivity and universality, for example by concentrating on philological criticism, by appealing to cognitive science, or by exposing the underlying media of literary communication. The present collection of essays seeks to open up this discussion by posing the question’s historical and systematic double: has there been a science of literature, i.e. a mode of presentation and practice of reference in science that owes its coherence to the discourse of literature? Detailed analyses of scientific, literary and philosophical texts show that from the late 18th to the late 19th century science and literature were bound to one another through an intricate web of mutual dependence and distinct yet incalculable difference. The Science of Literature suggests that this legacy continues to shape the relation between literary and scientific discourses inside and outside of academia.
Helmut Illbruck traces the concept of nostalgia from the earliest uses of the term in the seventeenth century to today as it evolves with different meanings and intensities in the discourses of medicine, literature, philosophy, and aesthetics. Following nostalgia’s troubled relations to the philosophical project of the Enlightenment, Illbruck’s study builds a cumulative argument about nostalgia’s modern significance that often revises and thoroughly enriches our understanding of cultural, literary, and intellectual history. Illbruck concludes with an attempt at a reinterpretation and defense of nostalgia, which seduces us to read and think with, rather than against, nostalgia’s wistful yearning for the past. Nostalgia: Origins and Ends of an Unenlightened Disease is a comprehensive, insistent, and profound interdisciplinary investigation of the history of an idea. It should appeal to readers interested in the cultural makings of the Enlightenment and modernity or in the histories of medicine, literature, and philosophy.
During the first half of the nineteenth century, Danish and German artists studying in Paris and Rome brought back the concept of "plein air" painting and began to paint out-of-doors on their native soil. They introduced a whole new aesthetic that was sensitive to the light and atmospheric conditions peculiar to the north, especially during the long summer days. This beautiful book focuses on the painters and paintings of this period, particularly Caspar David Friedrich, who produced many fine works before he developed the romantic style for which he is better known. The book presents topographical landscapes, panoramas, and some group and individual portraits that often include a window from which light emanates. Essays by eminent authorities discuss various aspects of the Danish and North German open air movement. They note, for example, that the paintings reflect a direct view of nature devoid of the intellectual and moral overtones of the neoclassical paintings that preceded them. They also discuss the fact that Schleswig Holstein was closely allied with Denmark until 1848, and this favored many Hamburg and north German artists studying at the Academy in Copenhagen where painting out of doors was encouraged. In addition to the essays, the book presents 108 works by twenty-three artists, catalogue entries for each work, and a biography of each artist.
Highlights the availability of magnesium to organisms, its uptake and transport in microorganisms and plants as well as its role in health and disease of animals and humans including its toxicology.
Since the discovery of ferrocene and the sandwich-type complexes, the development of organometallic chemistry took its course like an avalanche and became one of the scientific success stories of the second half of the twentieth century. Based on this development, the traditional boundaries between inorganic and organic chemistry gradually disappeared and a rebirth of the nowadays highly important field of homogeneous catalysis occurred. It is fair to say that despite the fact that the key discovery, which sparked it all off, was made more than 50 years ago, organometallic chemistry remains a young and lively discipline.
In 1964–1965, Hans Helmut Kornhuber and Lüder Deecke achieved a scientific breakthrough with the discovery of the Bereitschaftspotential (BP), or readiness potential. In The Will and its Brain, Kornhuber and Deecke present evidence that proves we can record activity from the human brain occurring prior to our volitional movements or actions. Such preparatory activity is generated by specific brain regions, particularly by the supplementary motor area (SMA) of the frontal lobe, which lies on the inner surface of the brain between the hemispheres. The primary (precentral) motor cortex (MI) later becomes activated in preparing for action. Consequently, the authors discriminate between two components of the preparatory activity of the Bereitschaftspotential: an early SMA-generated BP1 and a late MI-derived BP2. Between BP1 and BP2, the intentional activity runs over the so-called motor loop via the basal ganglia. Kornhuber and Deecke discuss these and other brain processing systems while focusing on the concept of free will. They claim that we, indeed, have free will. It may not be absolutely free, but free in terms of degrees. We can take efforts to increase our degrees of freedom through self-improvement, but we can also lose degrees of freedom through self-mismanagement.
This volume records the papers presented in Warsaw on the meeting of the International Society of Arterial Chemoreception (LS. A. C. ) organized as a Satellite Symposium of the XXXI International Congress of the Union of Physiological Sciences (I. U. P. S. ) in Helsinki in July 1989. It is a 30 years old tradition to hold periodically international meetings on recent developments in chemoreceptor research and to exchange information between those of us interested in chemoreception. The first meeting was organized by B. B. Lloyd in Oxford in 1959. Later on, similar international meetings were held at irregular intervals. In 1966, R. W. Torrance organized the second meeting again in Oxford. In 1973, the third meeting was organized in Bristol (U. K. ) by M. J. Purves. In 1974, a fourth meeting combined with the XXVI I. U. P. S. Congress in Delhi was organized by A. S. Paintal in Srinagar (Kashmir, India). In 1976, H. Acker organized the fifth meeting in Dortmund (F. R. G. ), and in 1979, C. Belmonte in Valla dolid (Spain) organized the sixth international meeting commemorating the 50th anniversary of Fernando de Castro publishing his classical work on the structure and possible function of the carotid body. In 1982, the seventh meeting was due to D. J. Pallot in Leicester (U. K. ), in 1985 - the eighth one due to A. J.
Immanuel Kant was one of the most significant philosophers of the modern age, many aspects of Kant's thoughts are not easy to understand and a guide like this Historical Dictionary of Kant and Kantianism should be very welcome not only to students, but also teachers and the general public, since it contains hundreds of entries describing Kant's life and works and explaining his concepts as well as the contributions of his followers (and also some opponents). Given the inevitable problems of language, the glossary is particularly helpful. And the bibliography makes the massive literature more accessible.
Miniature Monuments: Modeling German History offers a series of essays on small-scale models of bombed out cities. Created between 1946 and the present, these plastic renderings of places provide eerie glimpses of destruction and devastation resulting of the air war. This study thus permits fresh angles on post-war responses to the compounded losses of WW II, and it does so through considering these “miniature monuments” (of, among others, Frankfurt, Munich, Schwetzingen, Heilbronn and Hiroshima) in a deep cultural history that interlaces the sixteenth, eighteenth, and twentieth centuries. Three-dimensional renderings in diminutive size have rarely been subjected to rigorous theoretical reflection. Conventionally, models, whether of ruins or intact spaces, have been assumed to be “easily legible”; that is, they have been assumed to be vehicles of the authentic. Yet rubble and other models should be theorized as complex simulacra of abstract realities and catalysts of memories. Miniature Monuments thus tackles a haunting paradox: building ruins. The book elucidates how utterly contingent processes of crumbling and collapse (the English words for the Latin ruina) came to command such great interest in modern Europe that tremendous efforts were taken to uncover, render, and, most of all, recreate ruins.
A Life Fully Lived (Loving Hildegard) is the story of an immigrant family. Hildegard, a young university graduate, meets an architect from Germany. They both immigrate to Canada and start their life together as professionals in Vancouver, BC. They try to contribute creatively to their new environment. Hildegard gives up her profession as a teacher and devotes her time and energy to her family bringing up three children in the turbulent sixties and seventies, the time of draft dodgers, hippies and Jesus people. After the children left home and she withdrew from her church, Hildegard goes through a period of self evaluation. Searching in feminism, mythology and spirituality she finds her identity as a woman with new visions and responsibilities. Exploring new territories, she discovers a way to express herself in art She is drawn to a Mennonite fellowship where she feels valued and accepted and to which she can contribute creatively. She and her husband share enjoyable and adventurous retirement activities, exploring the beauty and diversity of this world. At the age of seventy-three, Hildegard is diagnosed with terminal lung cancer, unexpectedly for her and as a shock for her family. Her tranquil preparation for dying is moving and amazing for doctors and all those who knew her. A Life Fully lived, Loving Hildegard, is written by Hildegard's husband in memory of her.
Practical Performance Modeling: Application of the MOSEL Language introduces the new and powerful performance and reliability modeling language MOSEL (MOdeling, Specification and Evaluation Language), developed at the University of Erlangen, Germany. MOSEL facilitates the performance and reliability modeling of a computer, communication, manufacturing or workflow management system in a very intuitive and simple way. The core of MOSEL consists of constructs to specify the possible states and state transitions of the system under consideration. This specification is very compact and easy to understand. With additional constructs, the interesting performance or reliability measures and graphical representations can be specified. With some experience, it is possible to write down the MOSEL description of a system immediately only by knowing the behavior of the system under study. There are no restrictions, unlike models using, for example, queueing networks, Petri nets or fault trees. MOSEL fulfills all the requirements for a universal modeling language. It is high level, system-oriented, and usable. It is open and can be integrated with many tools. By providing compilers, which translate descriptions specified in MOSEL into the tool-specific languages, all previously implemented tools with their different methods and algorithms (including simulation) can be used. Practical Performance Modeling: Application of the MOSEL Language provides an easy to understand but nevertheless complete introduction to system modeling using MOSEL and illustrates how easily MOSEL can be used for modeling real-life examples from the fields of computer, communication, and manufacturing systems. Practical Performance Modeling: Application of the MOSEL Language will be of interest to professionals and students in the fields of performance and reliability modeling in computer science, communication, and manufacturing. It is also well suited as a textbook for university courses covering performance and reliability modeling with practical applications.
Thielicke here studies the themes of doubt and appropriation in modern Protestant thought. A leading advocate of dialectical theology, Thielicke examines the work of the great German Protestant religious philosophers from Lessing and Schliermacher through Barth and Tillich, probing these theologians' understanding of their context and how this tradition can impact our own engagement with our times. Clear, finely nuanced, historically and philosophically mature, this is a vital reflection on the history of theology and in systematic theology.
The book tells two complimentary stories about events at the end of World War II in Germany. Eva describes how her large Mennonite family flees from their farm in East Prussia, pursued by the Russian army, to settle in the west of Germany. In interesting detail, she describes the hardships and the kindness they received while trekking for two month in horse-drawn wagons through war-torn Germany, often slipping out of the Russian noose. Occasionally, she recounts memories of her childhood and shares the difficulties of starting new careers. Helmut, a young soldier, starts on an adventurous, dangerous journey from his military hospital in West Germany. He hitchhikes to his home village in East Prussia in search of his mother. In gripping detail, he describes life-threatening confrontations with Russian soldiers who now occupy his home country. Later he is expelled from his home by Polish militia and escapes from being jailed in a Polish labor camp.
The question of where we come from and where we are going is one of the elementary challenges of life. Perhaps it is THE question of life. Only when we get an answer to it do we learn who we are." With these striking words, Prof Helmut Thielicke begins this book about the most fundamental of all questions; the question of who we are, whence we came, and what God intended when he gave us life. Despite - perhaps even because of - the immense technological advances of our time, and the frightful consequences for the human race of the misuse of that power, man is brought face to face again with that basic problem which has haunted him since the beginning of time, the mystery of good and evil. Weaving these themes of origin and purpose, good and evil together, these are sermons for our times - highly intelligent, widely ranging, fascinating, and of quite exceptional power. There is nothing sloppy or sentimental in this book. These chapters are the creation of a 20th century man with a particularly penetrating mind.
First authoritative, comprehensive study of photography from a purely aesthetic point of view, spanning its history from daguerreotypes to modern photo-reportage. 240 superb photographs. First inexpensive paperback edition.
This illustrated volume surveys the correlated use of currently available methods of electron microscopic techniques, along with the goals and perspectives for future developments. The authors discuss an integrative approach of different EM preparation and analysis techniques that can allow for an analysis of dynamic cellular processes with high temporal and spatial resolution on the electron microscope level. This concise, yet thorough, work is a valuable reference for researchers in the field.
The book begins by describing how and why epigenesis came to replace the reigning model of biological origination, preformation - the theory that all organisms were preformed at the creation of the world. Contemporary with these developments, Kant used the figures of epigenesis and self-formation to illustrate his concepts of the origin of the categories, the possible success of practical reason, and the validity of aesthetic and teleological judgments. The author shows how Kant's figurative use of self-generation was turned into an indispensable determination by Fichte and his successors: philosophical knowledge can claim absolute certainty only if it can prove that it generates itself in logically accountable procedures.
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