Develops a theory of political authority in which institutions are public and, consequently, are authoritative by virtue of speaking in the name of citizens, not merely for them. The theory accounts for major legal doctrines including the separation of powers, limits of privatization, public property, and the use artificial intelligence.
Informal networks are an elusive and hidden factor in every society. In the Middle East, the Arab Spring recently highlighted their power and scope from Iraq to Morocco, exposing how family and clan networks wield influence behind institutional facades. While many studies of Middle Eastern societies solely analyse formal structures and official governing bodies, this book illuminates longstanding informal social systems by examining the sociopolitical history of the Palestinian highlands, known from 1950 as the West Bank. By studying family-based networks in cities like Jerusalem, Nablus and Hebron, Harel Chorev-Halewa shows how their influence has receded more slowly and less dramatically in recent generations than is commonly believed. He also connects individual elite families to the broader landscape of informal networks, comprising inter-familial alliances, collective economic systems, Sufi orders and customary law - all of which make up the unseen 'familial order.' Unfolding chronologically, this book spans a period of immense change from the Late Ottoman period to the present day, asking: How did Palestinian informal networks adapt to new realities?Why and how did they endure? And what does this say about modern Palestinian national politics in particular, and Arab societies in general? Offering an original and innovative look at informal networks in Palestine, this study is of crucial importance to scholars of Middle East studies, Palestine studies, political science and anthropology.
This pioneering study offers a comprehensive account of Syria's key Jewish communities at an important juncture in their history that also throws light on the broader effects of modernization in the Ottoman empire. The Ottoman reforms of the mid-nineteenth century accelerated the process of opening up Syria up to European travellers and traders, and gave Syria's Jews access to European Jewish communities. The resulting influx of Western ideas led to a decline in the traditional economy, with serious consequences for the Jewish occupational structure. It also allowed for the introduction of Western education, through schools run by the Alliance Israélite Universelle, influenced the structure and the administration of Jewish society in Syria, and changed the balance of the relationship between Muslims, Christians, and Jews. Initially Syria's Jewish communities flourished economically and politically in these new circumstances, but there was a developing recognition that their future lay overseas. After the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, the bankruptcy of the Ottoman empire in 1875, and the suspension of the Ottoman constitution in 1878, this feeling intensified. A process of decline set in that ultimately culminated in large-scale Jewish emigration, first to Egypt and then to the West. From that point on, the future for Syrian Jews lay in the West, not the East. Detailed and compelling, this book covers Jewish community life, the legal status of Jews in Syria, their relationship with their Muslim and Christian neighbours, and their links with the West. It draws on a wide range of archival material in six languages, including Jewish, Christian Arab, and Muslim Arab sources, Ottoman and European documents, consular reports, travel accounts, and reports from the contemporary press and by emissaries to Syria of the Alliance Israélite Universelle. Rabbinic sources, including the archive of the chief rabbinate in Istanbul, are particularly important in opening a window onto Syrian Jewish life and concerns. Together these sources bring to light an enormous amount of material and provide a broad, multifaceted perspective on the Syrian Jewish community. The Hebrew edition of the book was the winner of the Ben Zvi Award for Research in Oriental Jewry in 2004. ‘For the first time in the historiography of the Jews of Muslim countries we are presented with a rich picture, well written and riveting, of the history of important Jewish communities in the period of the Tanzimat.’ From the award citation
Drawing on interviews with 100 women soldiers about their experiences in combat, this book asks what insights are gained when we take women's experiences in war as our starting point instead of treating them as "add-ons" to more fundamental or mainstream levels of analysis, and what importance these experiences hold for an analysis of violence and for security studies. The book provides different perspectives about why it is important to explore women in combat, what their experiences teach us, and how to consider soldiers and veterans both as citizens and as violent state actors--an issue with which scholars are often reluctant to engage. Breaking the Binaries in Security Studies raises methodological and theoretical considerations about ways of evaluating power relations in conflict situations and patriarchal structures.
Contemporary political and legal theory typically justifies the value of political and legal institutions on the grounds that such institutions bring about desirable outcomes - such as justice, security, and prosperity. In the popular imagination, however, many people seem to value public institutions for their own sake. The idea that political and legal institutions might be intrinsically valuable has received little philosophical attention. Why Law Matters presents the argument that legal institutions and legal procedures are valuable and matter as such, irrespective of their instrumental value. Harel advances the argument in several ways. Firstly, he examines the value of rights. Traditionally it is believed that rights are valuable because they promote the realisation of values such as autonomy. Instead Harel argues that the values underlying (some) rights are partially constructed by entrenching rights. Secondly he argues that the value of public institutions are not grounded (ONLY) in the contingent fact that such institutions are particularly accountable to the public. Instead, some goods are intrinsically public; their value hinges on their public provision. Thirdly he shows that constitutional directives are not mere contingent instruments to promote justice. In the absence of constitutional entrenchment of rights, citizens live "at the mercy of" their legislatures (even if legislatures protect justice adequately). Lastly, Harel defends judicial review on the grounds that it is an embodiment of the right to a hearing. The book shows that instrumental justifications fail to identify what is really valuable about public institutions and fail to account for their enduring appeal. More specifically legal theorists fail to be attentive to the sentiments of politicians, citizens and activists and to theorise public concerns in a way that is responsive to these sentiments.
A revealing look inside a controversial movement They live in the suburbs of Tennessee and Indiana. They fought in Vietnam and Desert Storm. They speak about an older, better America, an America that once was, and is no more. And for the past decade, they have come to the U.S. / Mexico border to hunt for illegal immigrants. Who are the Minutemen? Patriots? Racists? Vigilantes? Harel Shapira lived with the Minutemen and patrolled the border with them, seeking neither to condemn nor praise them, but to understand who they are and what they do. Challenging simplistic depictions of these men as right-wing fanatics with loose triggers, Shapira discovers a group of men who long for community and embrace the principles of civic engagement. Yet these desires and convictions have led them to a troubling place. Shapira takes you to that place—a stretch of desert in southern Arizona, where he reveals that what draws these men to the border is not simply racism or anti-immigrant sentiments, but a chance to relive a sense of meaning and purpose rooted in an older life of soldiering. They come to the border not only in search of illegal immigrants, but of lost identities and experiences. Now with a new afterword by the author, Waiting for José brings understanding to a group of people in search of lost identities and experiences.
Yaron Harel has constructed a dramatic story of how eleven chief rabbis all became the subject of controversy and were subsequently dismissed. This took place against a background of crime and licentiousness rarely documented in the context of Jewish society. Set firmly in the social and political developments of the time, this colourful picture is very different from the commonly accepted image of Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire.
Biophilia—the love of life—encompasses the drive to survive, a sense of kinship with all life-forms, and an instinct for beauty. In this unconventional book, Kay Harel uses biophilia as a lens to explore Charles Darwin’s life and thought in deeply original ways. In a set of interrelated essays, she considers how the love of life enabled him to see otherwise unseen evolutionary truths. Harel traces the influence of biophilia on Darwin’s views of dogs, facts, thought, emotion, and beauty, informed by little-known material from his private notebooks. She argues that much of what Darwin described, envisioned, and felt was biophilia in action. Closing the book is a profile of Darwin’s marriage to Emma Wedgwood, his first cousin, a woman gifted in music and medicine who shared her husband’s love of life. Harel’s meditative, playful, and lyrical musings draw on the tools of varied disciplines—aesthetics, astronomy, biology, evolutionary theory, history of science, philosophy, psychiatry, and more—while remaining unbounded by any particular one. Taking unexpected paths to recast a figure we thought we knew, this book offers readers a different Darwin: a man full of love, joy, awe, humility, curiosity, and a zest for living.
Nonhuman figures are ubiquitous in the work of Franz Kafka, from his early stories down to his very last one. Despite their prominence throughout his oeuvre, Kafka’s animal representations have been considered first and foremost as mere allegories of intrahuman matters. In recent years, the allegorization of Kafka’s animals has been poetically dismissed by Kafka’s commentators and politically rejected by posthumanist scholars. Such critique, however, has yet to inspire either an overarching or an interdiscursive account. This book aims to fill this lacuna. Positing animal stories as a distinct and significant corpus within Kafka’s entire poetics, and closely examining them in dialogue with both literary and posthumanist analysis, Kafka’s Zoopoetics critically revisits animality, interspecies relations, and the very human-animal contradistinction in the writings of Franz Kafka. Kafka’s animals typically stand at the threshold between humanity and animality, fusing together human and nonhuman features. Among his liminal creatures we find a human transformed into vermin (in “The Metamorphosis”), an ape turned into a human being (in “A Report to an Academy”), talking jackals (in “Jackals and Arabs”), a philosophical dog (in “Researches of a Dog”), a contemplative mole-like creature (in “The Burrow”), and indiscernible beings (in “Josefine, the Singer or the Mouse People”). Depicting species boundaries as mutable and obscure, Kafka creates a fluid human-animal space, which can be described as “humanimal.” The constitution of a humanimal space radically undermines the stark barrier between human and other animals, dictated by the anthropocentric paradigm. Through denying animalistic elements in humans, and disavowing the agency of nonhuman animals, excluding them from social life, and neutralizing compassion for them, this barrier has been designed to regularize both humanity and animality. The contextualization of Kafka's animals within posthumanist theory engenders a post-anthropocentric arena, which is simultaneously both imagined and very real.
In Theory of Cortical Plasticity, Nobel Laureate Leon Cooper and his collaborators present a systematic development of the Bienenstock, Cooper and Munro (BCM) theory of synaptic plasticity, and discuss experiments that test both its assumptions and consequences.This insightful book provides an elegant analysis of theoretical structure in neuroscience research, and elucidates the role BCM theory has played in guiding research leading to our present understanding of the mechanisms underlying cortical plasticity.This book has been selected for coverage in:• CC / Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences• Neuroscience Citation Index®• Index to Scientific Book Contents® (ISBC)
Statistics Using R introduces the most up-to-date approaches to R programming alongside an introduction to applied statistics using real data in the behavioral, social, and health sciences. It is uniquely focused on the importance of data management as an underlying and key principle of data analysis. It includes an online R tutorial for learning the basics of R, as well as two R files for each chapter, one in Base R code and the other in tidyverse R code, that were used to generate all figures, tables, and analyses for that chapter. These files are intended as models to be adapted and used by readers in conducting their own research. Additional teaching and learning aids include solutions to all end-of-chapter exercises and PowerPoint slides to highlight the important take-aways of each chapter. This textbook is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate students in social sciences, applied statistics, and research methods.
Statistics Using Stata uses a highly accessible and lively writing style to seamlessly integrate the learning of the latest version of Stata (17) with an introduction to applied statistics using real data in the behavioral, social, and health sciences. The text is comprehensive in its content coverage and is suitable at undergraduate and graduate levels. It requires knowledge of basic algebra, but no prior coding experience. It is uniquely focused on the importance of data management as an underlying and key principle of data analysis. It includes a .do-file for each chapter, that was used to generate all figures, tables, and analyses for that chapter. These files are intended as models to be adapted and used by readers in conducting their own research. Additional teaching and learning aids include solutions to all end-of-chapter exercises and PowerPoint slides to highlight the important take-aways of each chapter.
Based on a unique research study, this volume examines the later life development of Holocaust survivors from Israel and the US. Through systematic interviews, the authors – noted researchers and clinicians – collected data about the lives of these survivors and how they compared to peers who did not share this experience. The orientation of the book synthesizes several conceptual approaches – gerontological and life span development, stress research, and traumatology, and also reflects the varied disciplines of the authors, spanning psychology, social work, and sociology. The result is a multi-faceted view of their subject with an understanding of the individual, society, and the interaction of the two, tempered by the authors’ own Holocaust experiences. Chapters cover a range of areas including stress and coping of these survivors, reviews of their heath and mental health, an examination of their social integration, as well as a review of the multiple predictors of psychological well-being and adaptation to aging. This book will be of interest to psychologists, social workers, sociologists, psychiatrists, and all those who study both trauma and aging.
Exploring contemporary juridical theories regarding the normative position of INGOs vis-à-vis the subjects of international law, this book engages in a thorough contextual-historical and interdisciplinary evaluation of the potential to generate solutions for the exercise of unregulated authority outside the state-system.
This book provides the first comprehensive introduction to Dynamic Logic. Among the many approaches to formal reasoning about programs, Dynamic Logic enjoys the singular advantage of being strongly related to classical logic. Its variants constitute natural generalizations and extensions of classical formalisms. For example, Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL) can be described as a blend of three complementary classical ingredients: propositional calculus, modal logic, and the algebra of regular events. In First-Order Dynamic Logic (DL), the propositional calculus is replaced by classical first-order predicate calculus. Dynamic Logic is a system of remarkable unity that is theoretically rich as well as of practical value. It can be used for formalizing correctness specifications and proving rigorously that those specifications are met by a particular program. Other uses include determining the equivalence of programs, comparing the expressive power of various programming constructs, and synthesizing programs from specifications. This book provides the first comprehensive introduction to Dynamic Logic. It is divided into three parts. The first part reviews the appropriate fundamental concepts of logic and computability theory and can stand alone as an introduction to these topics. The second part discusses PDL and its variants, and the third part discusses DL and its variants. Examples are provided throughout, and exercises and a short historical section are included at the end of each chapter.
This Book Is In Commemoration Of The Life And Work Of Professor R.S. Sharma, An Eminent Metamorphic Petrologist And Mineralogist. It Incorporates The Latest Developments In The Field Of Metamorphic Petrology. The Volume Is Divided Into Five Sections, Namely Metamorphism, Fluid Processes, Himalayan Metamorphism, Uhp/ Uht Metamorphism, And Geochronology & Geochemistry. The Book Would Be Of Great Interest To All Geoscientists Concerned With Metamorphic Processes And Crustal Evolution.The Main Topics Covered In The Book Include:The Granulite Facies, Crustal Melting, And Prograde And Retrograde Phase Equilibria In Metapelites At The Amphibolite To Granulite Facies Transition Tim E. Johnson And M. Brown; Evolution Of Early Proterozoic Metamorphism Within Tim-Yastrebovskaya Paleorift, Voronezh Crystalline Massif, East-European Platform: Metapelite Systematics, Phase Equilibrium, And P-T Conditions Tatyana N. Polyakova, Konstantin A. Savko, Vyacheslav Yu. Skryabin; Metamorphosed Carbonate-Evaporitic Rocks At Transition Of High-Pressure Amphibolite/Eclogite Facies Conditions: A Case Study From The Sare Sang Lapis-Lazuli Deposit (Afghanistan) Shah Wali Faryad; Petrogenesis And Evolution Of Peña Negra, An Anatectic Complex In The Spanish Central System M. Dolores Pereira Gómez; Polymetamorphism In The Archaean Gneiss Complex Of Shivpura Gyangarh, District Bhilwara, Rajasthan H. Thomas; Ibc Granulite In Clockwise Pressure-Temperature Regime: A Case From The Orissa Sector Of Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt S.C. Patel; Carbonates In Feldspathic Gneisses From The Granulite Facies: Implications For The Formation Of Co2-Rich Fluid Inclusions William Lamb; Growth And Exhumation Of The Lower Crust Of The Kohistan Arc, Nw Himalayas T. Yoshino And T. Okudaira; Evidence Of Upper Amphibolite Facies Metamorphism From Almora Nappe, Kumaun Himalayas Mallickarjun Joshi And A.N. Tiwari; Is Muscovite In The Mandi Granite Primary? A Guide To Distinction Between The Lower Paleozoic And Tertiary Granites Of The Himalayas S. Nag, S. Sengupta And P.K. Verma; Modeling Of P-T-T Paths Constrained By Mineral Chemistry And Monazite Dating Of Metapelites In Relationship To Mct Activity In Sikkim, Eastern Himalayas Chandra S. Dubey, E.J. Catlos And B.K. Sharma; Uhp Metamorphism And Continental Subduction/Collision J.G. Liou, T. Tsujimori, I. Katayama And S. Maruyama; Uht Metamorphism And Continental Orogenic Belts A. Mohan, I.N. Sharma And P.K. Singh; Single Zircon Dating Of Hypersthene-Bearing Granitoid From Balaram-Abu Road Area, Southern Part Of The Aravalli Mountains, Nw India: Implications For Malani Magmatism Related Thermal Event A.B. Roy, Alfred Kröner, Vivek Laul And Ritesh Purohit; Geochemistry And Petrogenesis Of The High Grade Granulites From Kodaikanal, South India D. Prakash And H. Thomas; The Lower Crust Of The Indian Shield: Its Characteristics And Evolution T.M. Mahadevan
Promoting Global Competence and Social Justice in Teacher Education reconceptualizes the purpose of education to include the attainment of global or cosmopolitan perspectives. This goal has important implications for how we not only educate today’s students, but also how we prepare teachers to teach in a diverse and complex world in which habits of perspective, inquiry, imagination, empathy, communication, commitment, humility, integrity, and judgment increasingly resonate in importance. This book advocates for preparing teacher candidates to acquire a nuanced, global perspective of their subject areas and be prepared to handle the demands of educating students for our changing global context. To this end, Promoting Global Competence and Social Justice in Teacher Education encourages the development of pedagogical strategies that will enable students to consider multiple perspectives and cultivate respect for diverse peoples and cultures.
The Teaching and Learning of Calculus offers a fresh perspective on the challenges and difficulties of effectively engaging students. The authors argue convincingly that many of the difficulties in learning calculus result from ways students understand, or fail to understand, fundamental mathematical concepts in primary and early secondary school and offer alternative ways of understanding and thinking about early mathematics concepts that have natural extensions to learning calculus. Areas covered include: - What is calculus? Foundational mathematical understandings Concepts of calculus, including limits and approximations, rate of change and accumulation Integration and implicit differentiation Teaching, learning and curriculum Throughout the text the authors show that teaching often fails because many calculus concepts are taught in a way that makes it difficult for students to connect ideas that they study in calculus with ideas that they already have--thus leading students to lean on memorization as a way to cope with instruction that makes little sense to them. This important book proposes new ways of thinking about the ideas of calculus that will guide maths researchers, teachers and teacher educators in rethinking maths instruction. The authors conclude by describing the ways in which many current practices in calculus curriculum and instruction are anathemas to high quality learning. They argue for a particular style of integrated active intellectual engagement that students must experience and important conceptual ideas with which students must engage if they are to build coherent, long lasting understandings of calculus that will support using it in other disciplines and supply a base for future mathematical learning. IMPACT (Interweaving Mathematics Pedagogy and Content for Teaching) is an exciting new series of advanced textbooks for teacher education which aims to advance the teaching of maths by integrating mathematics content teaching with the broader research and theoretical base of mathematics education.
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