This book explains the political and economic reasons behind the countries of the European Union bargaining at Maastricht for economic monetary union. By making comparisons with other federations, it examines the political and economic conditions under which federations succeed or fail.
Revised and updated to take full account of the most recent and dramatic changes in the nature of American government, this edition aims to provide an introduction to US politics. It explains, analyzes and interprets the processes of US government and appraises them from a non-US perspective.
This is a comparative study of the relationship between civil rights law, housing and urban policy in Britain and the United States. It focuses on the ways in which governments have attempted to remove racial discrimination and disadvantage in private and public sector housing. The study, first published in 1977, does not simply consist of an account of administrative and judicial attempts to remove discrimination. A major concern is to place civil rights laws in their total political, economic and social environments. The book explains and compares the nature of racial residential change in both countries, and assesses the impact of civil rights law on existing patterns of discrimination and disadvantage. Other public policies, in particular housing and urban policies, are examined and their relationship to anti-discrimination measures is analysed. In explaining differences between the two countries, emphasis is placed on the role of government in urban society, the political economies of urban areas, and the social and political differences between minority groups. Finally, the study identifies the limits to effective civil rights law enforcement and provides some indication as to the policy alternatives open to decision-makers in the two countries.
Few dispute that one of the most pressing issues for the future of Europe is the question of constitutional design. To what extent will unanimity voting in the Council of Ministers be replaced by qualified majority voting and how should these votes be distributed by country? Should theEuropean Parliament assume a meaningful policy making role? How should the Commission be reformed? Generally this debate uses the existing and past experience of the European Union as a basis for future reform. Comparisons with other political systems, and in particular with those systems thatdevolve power to states, provinces and regions are rarely attempted. Yet with EMU in place and further deepening of EU responsibilities scheduled, much can be learnt from the experience of other systems and especially established federations. Designing Europe shows how in five cases - the US,Canada, Australia, Germany and Switzerland - the rules established in founding constitutions greatly influenced the ways in which federal-state relations evolved. In some cases, for example Canada, these rules proved inappropriate for the balance of provincial and central power, while in others,such as Switzerland, more favourable institutional rules prevailed. In all cases political parties have played a major role in brokering this balance of central and regional power. And in all cases intergovernmental fiscal relations have been central to the debate. Designing Europe concludes that because, like Switzerland, the EU is both highly decentralised and heterogeneous, super-majoritarian decision rules should apply to EU decision making. In addition further checks on central power should be provided through a carefully coded constitution which couldonly be amended via popular approval in member states.
Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine.
A fresh and updated look at the social background to American political and economic life, the institutions and processes of government, and the most recent and dramatic events in the political arena. Fully updated to take into account the many political changes of the past four years and includes new chapters on environmental politics and the presidency Includes commentary of the 2008 presidential election, with the historic election of Barack Obama, and issues such as the changing balance of support for the Democrats and Republicans and the recent decline in the global reputation of the United States Student friendly style and design, with illustrations throughout Uses common examples across chapters Includes a range of pedagogical features, including definition boxes, biographies, chronologies, and more controversies than before
In surfacing a neglected piece of Scotland's history, this book tells the history of the development of the Scottish shale-oil industry for the first time. This historical account discusses the discovery of petroleum and details the growth of the shale industry during a time of great change in British society: wages were rising and prices were falling. The account also unveils how the industry identified a new opportunity in the need for adequate, inexpensive artificial light once workers were given more time for leisure activities such as reading. Detailed and captivating, this book demonstrates how the innovation of the shale-oil industry provided a valuable recruiting ground for Scotland's expertise in oil.
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