Günter Bischof's Books

Relationships/Beziehungsgeschichten. Austria and the United States in the Twentieth Century

By: Günter Bischof

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Relationships/Beziehungsgeschichten. Austria and the United States in the Twentieth Century

By: Günter Bischof

After the breakup of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian-American relationship was characterized by a dwarf confronting a giant. America continued to be a heaven for a better life for many Austrian emigrants. For the growing American preponderant position in the world after World War I, the small Austrian Republic was insignificant. And yet there were times when Austria mattered geopolitically. During the post-World War II occupation of Austria, the U.S. helped reconstruct Austria economically and was the biggest champion of its independence. During the Cold War, the U.S. frequently used Austria as a mediator site of summit meetings. American mass production models, consumerism, and popular culture were adopted by Austrian youth. Americanization and American preponderance also produced anti-Americanism. With the end of the Cold War and Austria's accession to the European Union it once again lost significance for Washington's geopolitics.

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412

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StudienVerlag

Published Date

ISBN 10

3706557274

ISBN 13

9783706557276

Zukunftsfonds der Republik Österreich

Entstehung, Entwicklung und Bedeutung

By: Günter Bischof,Barbara Stelzl-Marx,Alexandra Kofler

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Zukunftsfonds der Republik Österreich

Entstehung, Entwicklung und Bedeutung

By: Günter Bischof,Barbara Stelzl-Marx,Alexandra Kofler

Im Dezember 2005 wurde der Zukunftsfonds der Republik Österreich per Bundesgesetz mit einem Etat von 20 Millionen Euro errichtet. In den zehn Jahren seines Bestehens förderte der ÖZF rund 1.370 Projekte, die sich vor allem auch der Erforschung totalitärer Systeme im 20. Jahrhundert widmen. Mit dem expliziten Ziel des „Niemals wieder!“ avancierte der Zukunftsfonds zu einer nationalen Institution, deren zentrale Aufgabe in der Förderung einer nachhaltigen und zukunftsorientierten Erinnerungskultur sowie des demokratiepolitischen und menschenrechtlichen Engagements liegt. Das Buch präsentiert die wichtigsten Etappen der Entstehung und Tätigkeit des Zukunftsfonds. Neben einer Dokumentation seiner Wirkungsweisen analysiert es die Bedeutung des ÖZF für Forschung und Gesellschaft. Auf der Grundlage von Interviews kommen Persönlichkeiten zu Wort, die an der Entwicklung des Zukunftsfonds maßgeblich beteiligt waren. Exemplarisch dargestellte Projekte und deren vollständige Liste geben einen Einblick in die Vielfalt seiner Fördertätigkeit.

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286

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Böhlau Verlag Wien

Published Date

ISBN 10

3205202597

ISBN 13

9783205202592

Interval Analysis

and Automatic Result Verification

By: Günter Mayer

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Interval Analysis

and Automatic Result Verification

By: Günter Mayer

This self-contained text is a step-by-step introduction and a complete overview of interval computation and result verification, a subject whose importance has steadily increased over the past many years. The author, an expert in the field, gently presents the theory of interval analysis through many examples and exercises, and guides the reader from the basics of the theory to current research topics in the mathematics of computation. Contents Preliminaries Real intervals Interval vectors, interval matrices Expressions, P-contraction, ε-inflation Linear systems of equations Nonlinear systems of equations Eigenvalue problems Automatic differentiation Complex intervals

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532

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Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published Date

ISBN 10

3110499460

ISBN 13

9783110499469

Early Medieval Architecture as Bearer of Meaning

By: Günter Bandmann

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Early Medieval Architecture as Bearer of Meaning

By: Günter Bandmann

This classic text--continually in print for more than half a century--analyzes the architecture of societies in western Europe up to the twelfth century that aspired to be the heirs to the Roman Empire.

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371

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Columbia University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0231127049

ISBN 13

9780231127042

Polec

Dictionary of politics and economics / Dictionnaire de politique et d'économie / Worterbuch für Politik und Wirtschaft

By: Harry Back,Horst Cirullies,Günter Marquard

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Polec

Dictionary of politics and economics / Dictionnaire de politique et d'économie / Worterbuch für Politik und Wirtschaft

By: Harry Back,Horst Cirullies,Günter Marquard

No detailed description available for "Polec".

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992

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Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published Date

ISBN 10

3112316789

ISBN 13

9783112316788

Die Zeugnisse ägyptischer Religion und Kunstelemente im römischen Deutschland

By: Günter Grimm

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Die Zeugnisse ägyptischer Religion und Kunstelemente im römischen Deutschland

By: Günter Grimm

Preliminary material -- EINLEITUNG -- MATERIALSICHTUNG -- ÄGYPTISCHE KUNSTELEMENTE -- DENKMÄLER ZUR VEREHRUNG ÄGYPTISCHER GOTTHEITEN -- ZUSAMMENFASSUNG -- EXKURS: Germanen in Ägypten -- SYSTEMATISCHER KATALOG -- ADDENDA -- VERZEICHNISSE -- GENERALREGISTER.

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401

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BRILL

Published Date

ISBN 10

9004294732

ISBN 13

9789004294738

Relationships/Beziehungsgeschichten. Austria and the United States in the Twentieth Century

By: Günter Bischof

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Relationships/Beziehungsgeschichten. Austria and the United States in the Twentieth Century

By: Günter Bischof

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412

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StudienVerlag

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ISBN 10

3706557274

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9783706557276

New Perspectives on Austrians and World War II

By: Fritz Plasser

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New Perspectives on Austrians and World War II

By: Fritz Plasser

For more than a generation after World War II, offi cialgovernment doctrine and many Austrians insisted they hadbeen victims of Nazi aggression in 1938 and, therefore, bore noresponsibility for German war crimes. During the past twentyyears this myth has been revised to include a more complexpast, one with both Austrian perpetrators and victims. Part one describes soldiers from Austria who foughtin the German Wehrmacht, a history only recently unearthed.Richard Germann covers units and theatersAustrian fought in, while Th omas Grischany demonstrateshow well they fought. Ela Hornung looks atcase studies of denunciation of fellow soldiers, whileBarbara Stelzl-Marx analyzes Austrian soldiers whowere active in resistance at the end of the war. StefanKarner summarizes POW treatment on the Eastern front.Part two deals with the increasingly diffi cult life on theAustrian homefront. Fritz Keller takes a look at how Viennasurvived growing food shortages. Ingrid Bhler takesa rare look at life in small-town Austria. Andrea Strutzanalyzes narratives of Jewish refugees forced to leave forthe United States. Peter Ruggenthaler and Philipp Lesiakexamine the use of slave laborers. And Brigitte Kepplingersummarizes the Nazi euthanasia program. The third part deals with legacies of the war, particularlypostwar restitution and memory issues. Based on newsources from Soviet archives, Nikita Petrov describes theRed Army liberation. Winfried Garscha analyzes postwarwar crimes trials against Austrians. Brigitte Bailer-Galandaand Eva Blimlinger present a survey of postwarrestitution of property. And Heidemarie Uhl deals withAustrian memories of the war. Gnter Bischof is the director of CenterAustria and MarshallPlan Professor of History at the University of New Orleans; FritzPlasser is professor of political science and dean of the facultyof political science and sociology at the University of Innsbruck;Barbara Stelzl-Marx is an APART-fellow with the Austrian Academyof Sciences and the deputy director of the Ludwig BoltzmannInstitut fr Kriegsfolgen-Forschung in Graz.

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375

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Transaction Pub

Published Date

ISBN 10

1412808839

ISBN 13

9781412808835

Judaica Minora: Biblische Traditionen im rabbinischen Judentum

By: Günter Stemberger

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Judaica Minora: Biblische Traditionen im rabbinischen Judentum

By: Günter Stemberger

English summary: This collection of essays focuses on the rabbinic understanding of the Torah as well as issues concerning the canon and hermeneutics. It contains articles on the rabbinic interpretation of biblical texts, including the Books of the Maccabees and the Book of Judith as well as studies of the portrayal of biblical themes in the synagogues. Several texts deal with the currents in Palestinian Judaism at the end of the period of the Second Temple, the question of a possible unity in mainstream Judaism and the origins of Christianity. Three of the essays describe the rabbinic concept of the priesthood and of the heavenly liturgy after the destruction of the Second Temple. The last part deals with the similarities and the differences in the Jewish and the Christian interpretation of the Bible, the polemics resulting from the rivalry surrounding the Bible text as well as the question of what Jewish and New Testament scholars can learn from one another. German description: Die Aufsatze dieses Bandes entstanden in den letzten zwanzig Jahren. Im Mittelpunkt steht das rabbinische Verstandnis der Tora und ihre Stellung im judischen Leben, die Frage nach dem Kanon und der rabbinischen Hermeneutik. Konkretisiert wird die Thematik in Aufsatzen zur rabbinischen Auslegung einzelner biblischer Texte oder Bucher einschliesslich der Makkabaerbucher und des Buches Judit, aber auch in Studien zur Darstellung biblischer Themen in den Synagogen der Zeit. Mehrere Aufsatze befassen sich mit den Stromungen im palastinischen Judentum der Spatzeit des Zweiten Tempels, der Frage nach einer moglichen Einheit in einem Mainstream Judaism und der Entstehung des Christentums aus diesem gemeinsamen Boden. Wieweit die Zeit des Zweiten Tempels im rabbinischen Judentum nachwirkt, wird in verschiedenen Aufsatzen angesprochen. Drei Aufsatze befassen sich mit den Vorstellungen vom Priestertum und von der himmlischen Liturgie in der Zeit nach dem Untergang des Tempels. Die letzte Gruppe von Aufsatzen ist dem Gemeinsamen und den Unterschieden in judischer und christlicher Auslegung der Bibel gewidmet, auch der Polemik, die sich aus der Rivalitat um den gemeinsamen Text ergibt. Was Judaistik und neutestamentliche Forschung voneinander lernen konnen, ist Thema des abschliessenden Aufsatzes.Alle Beitrage wurden soweit moglich formal vereinheitlicht, Uberschneidungen getilgt, im Einzelfall auch zwei ursprunglich selbstandige Aufsatze ineinander verschmolzen. Ursprunglich auf Franzosisch oder Italienisch erschienene Aufsatze wurden ubersetzt und alle Arbeiten zumindest in einem gewissen Umfang auf den heutigen Stand gebracht.

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580

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Mohr Siebeck

Published Date

ISBN 10

3161504038

ISBN 13

9783161504037

The Americanization/Westernization of Austria

By: GÃ¨unter Bischof,Anton Pelinka

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The Americanization/Westernization of Austria

By: GÃ¨unter Bischof,Anton Pelinka

Political, economic, social, and cultural modernization dramatically transformed twentieth-century Austria. Innovative new methods of production and management, such as the assembly line, changed Austrian business after World War I, much as the Marshall Plan shaped the economy after World War II. At the same time, jazz, Hollywood movies, television programming, and mass commodities were as popular in Austria as elsewhere in Western Europe. Even political campaigns followed American trends. All this occurred despite the fact that in West Germany, American nostrums and models had been rejected, modified, or "translated" into milder versions. Ultimately, Austria was "Western Europeanized" when it joined the European Union in 1995. How Western are the Austrians? This volume analyzes trends toward Americanization and Westernization in Austria throughout the twentieth century. Reinhold Wagnleitner's lead essay studies the foreign politics of American pop culture. Anna Schober and Monika Bernold analyze the influence of Hollywood movies and television on postwar Austrian society. Reinhard Sieder follows changing discourses on family life, while Ingrid Bauer looks at American influences on Austrian women. Maria-Regina Kecht, Kurt Drexel, and Christina Hainzl follow the American impact on Austrian literature, opera, and art. Banker Anton Fink examines American banking and finance practices. Andre Pfoertner and Matthias Fuchs study the Americanization of Austrian business and tourism. Helmut Lackner describes how well-heeled Austrian travelers to the United States brought back innovative American production methods and other ideas gleaned from world expositions before World War I. American influences on Austrian politics and political science are dissected by GÃ¼nter Bischof, Martin Kofler, Fritz Plasser, and Anton Pelinka. The Americanization of Vienna is the subject of journalist Armin Thurnher's essay. Comparisons with West Germany are presented by Michael Hochgeschwender. These essays prove that "Americanization," "Westernization," and "globalization" need to be carefully defined before generalizations can be made.

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327

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Transaction Publishers

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ISBN 10

076580803X

ISBN 13

9780765808035

The Marshall Plan

Saving Europe, Rebuilding Austria : the European Recovery Plan, the ERP Fund, the Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation

By: Günter Bischof,Hans Petschar

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The Marshall Plan

Saving Europe, Rebuilding Austria : the European Recovery Plan, the ERP Fund, the Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation

By: Günter Bischof,Hans Petschar

On June 5, 1947, George C. Marshall delivered a speech at Harvard University that would change the world. With that speech, the U.S. Secretary of State, and close confidant of President Truman, ushered in the European Recovery Program (ERP), which would soon burgeon into the most successful political project in U.S. and European history. Underwritten by the American taxpayer, an unbelievable fourteen billion dollars was made available between 1948 and 1952 for the Marshall Plan, money that continues to have multiple benefits for Austria's state, economy, and society. Wonderfully balancing the text with pictures and illustrations, Günter Bischof and Hans Petschar tell the thrilling success story of the Marshall Plan and its undiminished vitality.

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333

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ISBN 10

160801147X

ISBN 13

9781608011476

Austria in the Twentieth Century

By: Rolf Steininger,GÃ¼nter Bischof,Michael Gehler

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Austria in the Twentieth Century

By: Rolf Steininger,GÃ¼nter Bischof,Michael Gehler

The fourteen essays in this volume include works by leading Austrian historians and political scientists. Collectively it serves as a basic introduction to a small but trend-setting European country. It is also a basic up-to-date outline of Austria's political history, shedding light on economic and social trends as well. No European country has experienced more dramatic turning points in its twentieth-century history than Austria. This volume divides the century into three periods. Section I deals with the years 1900-1938. The First Austrian Republic (established in the aftermath of World War I) was one of the succession states that tried to build a nation against the backdrop of political and economic crisis and a simmering civil war. Democracy collapsed in 1933 and an authoritarian regime attempted to prevail against pressures from Nazi Germany and Nazis at home. Section II covers World War II. In 1938, Hitler's "Third Reich" annexed Austria and the population was pulled into the cauldron of World War II fighting and collaborating with the Nazis, and also resisting and fleeing them. Section III concentrates on the Second Republic (1945 to the present). After ten years of four-power Allied occupation, Austria regained her sovereignty with the Austrian State Treaty of 1955. The price paid was neutrality. Unlike the turmoil of the prewar years after 1955, Austria became a "normal" nation with a functioning democracy, one building toward economic prosperity. After the collapse of the "iron curtain" in 1989, Austria turned westward, joining the European Union in 1995. Most recently, with the advent of populist politics, Austria's political system has experienced a sea of change, departing from its political economy of a huge state-owned sector and social partnership. This insightful volume will serve as a textbook in courses on Austrian, German and European history, as well as in comparative European politics.

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380

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Transaction Publishers

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ISBN 10

1412808545

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9781412808545

1914 Austria Hungary The Origins (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 23)

Austria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I

By: Günter Bischof,Ferdinand Karlhofer,Samuel R. Williamson

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1914 Austria Hungary The Origins (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 23)

Austria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I

By: Günter Bischof,Ferdinand Karlhofer,Samuel R. Williamson

For the past 100 years some of the greatest historians and political scientists of the twentieth century have picked apart, analyzed and reinterpreted this sequence of events taking place within a single month in July/early August 1914. The four years of fighting during World War I destroyed the international system put into place at the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 and led to the dissolution of some of the great old empires of Europe (Austrian-Hungarian, Ottomon, Russian). The 100th anniversary of the assassination of the Austrian successor to the throne Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in Sarajevo unleashed the series of events that unleashed World War I. The assassination in Sarajevo, the spark that set asunder the European powder keg, has been the focus of a veritable blizzard of commemorations, scholarly conferences and a new avalanche of publications dealing with this signal historical event that changed the world. Contemporary Austrian Studies would not miss the opportunity to make its contribution to these scholarly discourses by focusing on reassessing the Dual Monarchy's crucial role in the outbreak and the first year of the war, the military experience in the trenches, and the chaos on the homefront.

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408

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University of New Orleans Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1608010260

ISBN 13

9781608010264

Austrian Foreign Policy in Historical Context

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Michael Gehler

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Austrian Foreign Policy in Historical Context

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Michael Gehler

In 2005, Austria celebrated the sixtieth anniversary of its liberation from the Nazi regime and the fiftieth anniversary of the State Treaty that ended the occupation and returned full sovereignty to the country. This volume of Contemporary Austrian Studies covers foreign policy in the twentieth century. It offers an up-to-date status report of Austria's foreign policy trajectories and diplomatic options. Eva Nowotny, the current Austrian ambassador to the United States, introduces the volume with an analysis of the art and practice of Austrian diplomacy in historical perspective. Ambassador Wolfgang Petritsch analyzes recent Balkans diplomacy as an EU emissary in the Bosnian and Kosovo crises. Historians Günther Kronenbitter, Alexander Lassner, Günter Bischof, Joanna Granville, and Martin Kofler provide historical case studies of pre-and post-World War I and World War II Austrian diplomacy, Austria's dealings with the Hungarian crisis of 1956, and its mediation between Kennedy and Khrushchev in the early 1960s. Political scientists Romain Kirt, Stefan Mayer, and Gunther Hauser analyze small states' foreign policymaking in a globalizing world, Austrian federal states' separate regional policy initiatives abroad and Austria's role vis-à-vis current European security initiatives. Michael Gehler periodizes post-World War II Austrian foreign policy regimes and provides a valuable summary of both the available archival and printed diplomatic source collections. A "Historiography Roundtable" is dedicated to the Austrian Occupation decade. Günter Bischof reports on the state of occupation historiography; Oliver Rathkolb on the historical memory of the occupation; Michael Gehler on the context of the German question; and Wolfgang Mueller and Norman Naimark on Stalin's Cold War and Soviet policies towards Austria during those years. Review essays and book reviews on art theft, anti-Semitism, the Hungarian crisis of 1956, among other topics, complete the volume.

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423

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

141280521X

ISBN 13

9781412805216

Schussel Era In Austria (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 18)

By: Günter Bischof,Fritz Plasser

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Schussel Era In Austria (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 18)

By: Günter Bischof,Fritz Plasser

The essays in this volume argue that Schussel's political record and legacy are ambiguous. With a confrontational style of governance he unleashed big reforms -- he was a superb tactician and negotiator and yet failed to transport a larger political vision to the Austrian electorate. His imprint on Austrian history is so significant that many of the authors of the essays in this volume call it the Schussel era.

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384

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University of New Orleans Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1608010090

ISBN 13

9781608010097

1914 Austria Hungary The Origins (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 23)

Austria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I

By: Günter Bischof,Ferdinand Karlhofer,Samuel R. Williamson

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1914 Austria Hungary The Origins (Contemporary Austrian Studies, Vol 23)

Austria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I

By: Günter Bischof,Ferdinand Karlhofer,Samuel R. Williamson

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408

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University of New Orleans Press

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ISBN 10

1608010260

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9781608010264

Neutrality in Austria

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Ruth Wodak

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Neutrality in Austria

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Ruth Wodak

After Stalin's death, during a respite in Cold War tensions in 1955, Austria managed to rid itself of a quadripartite occupation regime and become a neutral state. As the Cold War continued, Austria's policy of neutrality helped make this small country into an important mediator of East-West differences, and neutrality became a crucial part of Austria's postwar identity. In the post-Cold War era Austrian neutrality seems to demand redefinition. The work addresses such issues as what neutrality means when Austria's neighbors are joining NATO? What is the difference between Austrian neutrality in 1955 and 2000? In remaining apart from NATO, do Austrian elites risk their nation's national security? Is Austria a "free rider," too stingy to contribute to Western defense? Has the neutralist mentalit become such a crucial part of Austrian postwar identity that its abandonment will threaten civil society? These questions are addressed in this latest in the prestigious Contemporary Austrian Studies series. The volume emerged from the Wittgenstein Research Center project on "Discourse, Politics, and Identity," an interdisciplinary investigation of the meaning of Austrian neutrality. The first two chapters analyze the current meaning of Austrian neutrality. Karin Liebhart records narrative interviews with former presidents Rudolf Kirchschlger and Kurt Waldheim, both central political actors present at the creation and implementation of Austria's postwar neutrality. Gertraud Benke and Ruth Wodak provide in-depth analysis of a debate on Austrian National Television on "NATO and Neutrality," a microcosm of Austrian popular opinion that exposed all positions and ideological preferences on neutrality. The historian Oliver Rathkolb surveys international perceptions of Austrian neutrality over the past half-century. For comparative contrast David Irwin and John Wilson apply Foucault's theoretical framework to the history and debates on neutrality in Ireland. Political scientists Heinz Grtner and Paul Luif provide examples of how Austrian neutrality has been handled in the past and today. Michael Gehler analyzes Austria's response to the Hungarian crisis of 1956 and Klaus Eisterer reviews the Austrian legation's handling of the 1968 Czechoslovak crisis. Gnter Bischofis professor of history and executive director of Center Austria at the University of New Orleans. Anton Pelinkais professor of political science at the University of Innsbruck and director of the Institute of Conflict Research in Vienna. Ruth Wodakis professor in the linguistics department at the University of Vienna and director of the research center "Discourse, Politics, Identity" at the Austrian Academy of Science.

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376

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Routledge

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ISBN 10

0765807742

ISBN 13

9780765807748

Austria in the European Union

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Michael Gehler

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Austria in the European Union

By: Günter Bischof,Anton Pelinka,Michael Gehler

Austria joined the European Union in 1995, with the overwhelming support of its citizenry. In June 1994, a record 66.6 percent of the Austrian population voted in favor of joining the Union, and Austria acceded on January 1, 1995. Only three years later, in the second half of 1998, Austria assumed its first presidency of the European Union. Its competent conduct of the Union's business enhanced its reputation. The sense that Austria was a role model collapsed overnight, after a new conservative People's Party (VP/FP) coalition government was formed in Austria in early February 2000. Austria became Europe's nightmare. This volume has two purposes. The first is to assess Austria's first five years in the European Union. The second is Austria's ongoing struggle with its past. Heinrich Neisser evaluates and assesses Austria's commitment to the European Union. Thomas Angerer offers a long-term perspective of regionalization and globalization trends in Austrian foreign affairs. Waldemar Hummer analyzes contradictions between Austrian neutrality and Europe's emerging common security policy. Johannes Pollak and Sonja Puntscher Rieckmann look at current debates over weighing future voting rights in the European Commission. Michael Huelshoff evaluates Austria's EU presidency in 1998 and compares it to the subsequent 1999 German presidency. Gerda Falkner examines the withering away of the previously much admired Austrian welfare state. Walter Manoschek scrutinizes the Nazi roots of Jorg Haider's Freedom Party. Michael Gehler critiques the EU sanctions and bemoans the absence of mediation through transnational Christian conservative parties. In reviewing how Austria deals with World War II, Richard Mitten investigates discourses on victimhood in postwar Austria and the place of Jews in this process. A "Roundtable" presents overwhelming evidence of Austrians' deep involvement in Nazi war crimes, and includes articles by Sabine Loitfellner and Winfried Garscha. This addition to the Contemporary Austrian Studies series will be welcomed by political scientists, historians and legal scholars, particularly those with a strong interest in European affairs. Gnter Bischof is professor of history and executive director of the International Studies Center at the University of New Orleans. Anton Pelinka is professor of political science at the University of Innsbruck and director of the Institute of Conflict Research in Vienna. Michael Gehler is professor of contemporary history at the University of Innsbruck. "Austria in the European Union is a highly detailed, expertly researched blend of history, economics, and a calculating appraisal of a nation's future within the context of the evolving European international collaboration. Austrian in the European Union is strongly recommended for European Studies, Political Studies, and International Relations supplemental reading lists and academic reference collections."- The Midwest Book Review

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354

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Transaction Pub

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ISBN 10

0765808994

ISBN 13

9780765808998

Austria in the First Cold War, 1945-55

The Leverage of the Weak

By: Günter Bischof

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Austria in the First Cold War, 1945-55

The Leverage of the Weak

By: Günter Bischof

In the first Cold War (1945-55) the superpower struggle over the geostrategically vital and economically depressed Austria could have ended in a divided country (like in Germany), but due to shrewd Austrian diplomacy resulted in a unified and neutralized country.

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237

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Palgrave Macmillan

Published Date

ISBN 10

0312220200

ISBN 13

9780312220204

Regional Economic Development Compared: EU-Europe and the American South

By: Collectif

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Regional Economic Development Compared: EU-Europe and the American South

By: Collectif

Comparing economic development in a regional context both in the South of the United States and in the European Union today raises many fascinating questions. How much money in the form of tax credits and subsidies should communities and states invest to attract foreign investors in the U.S.? Should individual states and communities in the U.S. commit public funds in the form of tax money and tax credits etc. to bring foreign businesses to their shores? Is the argument of bringing “jobs” and more employment home the only argument that should count politically? Or might these generous subsidies doled out to foreign businesses from public funds deprive local populations from improving their infrastructure and public education? What if these foreign investors then locate to other shores if their investments are not profitable enough in the short run? Might foreign investors come to the American South because it has never been unionized like the rest of the country? Is the attraction of the non-union South then only a means to get away from the burdens of stricter worker protection and social programs at home in Germany or Austria or elsewhere?

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106

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innsbruck University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

3903122289

ISBN 13

9783903122284

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