Gyula Klima's Books

Intentionality, Cognition, and Mental Representation in Medieval Philosophy

By: Gyula Klima

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Intentionality, Cognition, and Mental Representation in Medieval Philosophy

By: Gyula Klima

It is commonly supposed that certain elements of medieval philosophy are uncharacteristically preserved in modern philosophical thought through the idea that mental phenomena are distinguished from physical phenomena by their intentionality, their intrinsic directedness toward some object. The many exceptions to this presumption, however, threaten its viability. This volume explores the intricacies and varieties of the conceptual relationships medieval thinkers developed among intentionality, cognition, and mental representation. Ranging from Aquinas, Scotus, Ockham, and Buridan through less-familiar writers, the collection sheds new light on the various strands that run between medieval and modern thought and bring us to a number of fundamental questions in the philosophy of mind as it is conceived today.

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590

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Fordham Univ Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0823262766

ISBN 13

9780823262762

Mental Representation (Volume 4

Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics)

By: Gyula Klima

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Mental Representation (Volume 4

Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics)

By: Gyula Klima

It is supposed to be common knowledge in the history of ideas that one of the few medieval philosophical contributions preserved in modern philosophical thought is the idea that mental phenomena are distinguished from physical phenomena by their intentionality, their directedness toward some object. As is usually the case with such commonplaces about the history of ideas, especially those concerning medieval ideas, this claim is not quite true. Medieval philosophers routinely described ordinary physical phenomena, such as reflections in mirrors or sounds in the air, as exhibiting intentionality, while they described what modern philosophers would take to be typically mental phenomena, such as sensation and imagination, as ordinary physical processes. Still, it is true that medieval philosophers would regard all acts of cognition as characterized by intentionality, on account of which all these acts are some sort of representations of their intended objects. Mental Representation explores the intricacies and varieties of the conceptual relationships between intentionality, cognition and mental representation as conceived by some of the greatest medieval philosophers. The clarification of these conceptual connections sheds new light not only on the intriguing historical relationships between medieval and modern thought on these issues, but also on some fundamental questions in the philosophy of mind as it is conceived today.

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Cambridge Scholars Publishing

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ISBN 10

1443834130

ISBN 13

9781443834131

John Buridan

By: Gyula Klima

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John Buridan

By: Gyula Klima

John Buridan (ca. 1300-1362) has worked out perhaps the most comprehensive account of nominalism in the history of Western thought, the philosophical doctrine according to which the only universals in reality are "names": the common terms of our language and the common concepts of our minds. But these items are universal only in their signification; they are singular entities like any other in reality. This book examines what is most intriguing to contemporary readers in Buridan's medieval philosophical system: his nominalist account of the relationship between language, thought and reality. The main focus of the discussion is Buridan's deployment of the Ockhamist conception of a "mental language" for mapping the complex structures of written and spoken human languages onto a parsimoniously construed reality. Concerning these linguistic structures, this book carefully analyzes Buridan's conception of the radical conventionality of written and spoken languages, in contrast to the natural semantic features of concepts. The discussion pays special attention to Buridan's token-based semantics of terms and propositions, his conception of existential import, ontological commitment, truth, and logical validity. Finally, the book presents a detailed discussion of how these logical devices allow Buridan to maintain his nominalist position without giving up Aristotelian essentialism or yielding to skepticism, and pays special attention to contemporary concerns with these issues.

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367

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Oxford University Press

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ISBN 10

0199721076

ISBN 13

9780199721078

Medieval Metaphysics, or is it "Just Semantics"? (Volume 7

Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics)

By: Gyula Klima

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Medieval Metaphysics, or is it "Just Semantics"? (Volume 7

Proceedings of the Society for Medieval Logic and Metaphysics)

By: Gyula Klima

Medieval semantic theories develop out of Aristotle’s On Interpretation, in which he notes that “Spoken sounds are symbols of affections in the soul, and written marks symbols of spoken sounds” (tr. J. L. Ackrill, OUP 1984). The medieval commentary tradition elaborates on Aristotle’s theory in light of various epistemological and metaphysical commitments, including those entailed by the doctrine of the transcendentals that emerges from the tradition in the writings of Philip the Chancellor (d. 1236). Transcendental attributes such as unity, truth and goodness (properties that figure into most if not all accounts of the transcendentals) characterize every being as such, and hence the doctrine of the transcendentals promised some knowledge of God. This hope, together with the general medieval consensus that the cognitive acts by which we grasp extra-mental entities are veridical (i.e., in most cases, these acts represent what the cognizing subject takes them to represent) encouraged medieval thinkers to devote considerable effort to discerning how concepts latch onto reality. Medieval Metaphysics, or Is It “Just Semantics”? follows these attempts as concerns the signification of theological discourse in general and Trinitarian semantics in particular, the proper object of the intellect, and what is signified through quidditative or essential definition.

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105

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Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

1443834203

ISBN 13

9781443834209

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

By: Gyula Klima,Peter G. Sobol,Peter Hartman,Jack Zupko

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John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

By: Gyula Klima,Peter G. Sobol,Peter Hartman,Jack Zupko

This book provides the Latin text and its annotated English translation of the question-commentary of John Buridan (ca. 1300-1360) on Aristotle’s “On the Soul”. Buridan was the most influential Parisian nominalist philosopher of his time. His work speaks across centuries to our modern concerns in the philosophy of mind. This volume completes the project of a volume published earlier in the same series: “Questions on the Soul by John Buridan and Others”. An appealing book for scholars of Aristotle and those who are in the field of Medieval philosophy.

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1033

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030944336

ISBN 13

9783030944339

John Buridan

By: Gyula Klima

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John Buridan

By: Gyula Klima

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367

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OUP USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0195176227

ISBN 13

9780195176223

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

By: Gyula Klima,Peter G. Sobol,Peter Hartman,Jack Zupko

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John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

By: Gyula Klima,Peter G. Sobol,Peter Hartman,Jack Zupko

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1033

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Springer Nature

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3030944336

ISBN 13

9783030944339

Book's by Gyula Klima

Intentionality, Cognition, and Mental Representation in Medieval Philosophy

Intentionality, Cognition, and Mental Representation in Medieval Philosophy

Mental Representation (Volume 4

Mental Representation (Volume 4

John Buridan

John Buridan

Medieval Metaphysics, or is it "Just Semantics"? (Volume 7

Medieval Metaphysics, or is it "Just Semantics"? (Volume 7

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

John Buridan

John Buridan

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima

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